In the south of the Stavropol Territory, in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus Range, there is an amazing place - Caucasian Mineral Waters. This resort corner is located at the junction of the Mineralovodsk inclined plain and the northern slopes of the Caucasus Range, exactly in the middle between the Caspian and Black Seas. On one side, the region is surrounded by snowy peaks, and on the other side by the arid Caspian steppes. All this creates a very valuable healing climate, appreciated by balneologists and vacationers. It is interesting that the French Cote d'Azur and the Spanish Adriatic lie almost at the same latitude as the Kavminvody.
Kavminvods are usually considered to be the agglomeration of the cities of Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk and Mineralnye Vody. Although geographically the CMS is much larger. Starting from the foot of Elbrus in the south and ending near the city of Mineralnye Vody, the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region covers an area of more than five hundred thousand hectares.
Taking this into account, the KMS region can be classified as mid-mountain, because the maximum height above sea level reaches 2592 meters (Bermamyt plateau).
The CMS can be conditionally divided into two climatic zones: southern and northern. The first will include Kislovodsk - there are more sunny days and there are almost no strong winds. This is a climate with pronounced features of a continental lowland. Kislovodsk is located in a natural basin, surrounded on all sides by mountains that block clouds. Thanks to this, the sun shines 300 days a year in Kislovodsk. This is one of the sunniest cities in the world.
Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk can be classified as the northern part of the KMS, it is also very sunny and warm here, but the humidity and precipitation are higher. Although, quite often you can see how it rains in one of the resort cities, while in other cities it is clear and sunny. The weather can change several times a day. This happens very quickly. There is even a saying among people: “North Caucasus - keep your gloves in reserve.”
Winters in Caucasian Mineral Waters are warm; snow rarely lasts longer than ten days. Snow in winter is less common than rain. In autumn, the weather is often warm until the end of November. The proximity of the Greater Caucasus Range and a large number of green spaces soften the summer heat. Spring is usually early: in April-May, many residents and vacationers already begin to swim in rivers and lakes.
History of the resort
The first relatively accurate information about the mineral waters of the Caucasus appears in 1717, when Peter I gave the task to his physician, Doctor Schober, to find and study hot waters near the first Russian fortress of Terki, later called Bragunsky. In his report, Schober described springs in the lands of the Pyatigorsk Circassians, as Kabardians were previously called in Rus'. From that moment on, the study of the medicinal properties of Kavminvodsky mineral springs begins. Unfortunately, after the death of Peter I, all initiatives to develop KMS resorts were stopped.
In 1780, the Konstantinogorsk fortress was founded at the foot of Mount Mashuk. The soldiers were the first to notice the healing properties of the hot springs of the future Pyatigorsk. The Academy of Sciences sends Doctor of Medicine Peter Simon Pallas to study mineral springs. He spent a year studying the healing properties of the waters. In addition to the Pyatigorsk springs, Pallas also explored Narzan in Kislovodsk. They noted that water bursts out of the ground with great force and is capable of lifting a person bathing in it.
After the report of P. S. Pallas, the CMS region gained fame. People come here for treatment from the most remote corners of Russia.
In 1803, Alexander I, with his rescript, assigned resort status to Caucasian Mineral Waters. Funds are allocated for the arrangement and development of the resort. Despite government support, the resort is developing poorly. The hospitals are in disrepair. The aristocracy prefers to travel to foreign resorts. Thus, according to data for 1860, Russians spent about 160 million rubles at foreign resorts.
In order to rectify the situation, in 1861 the Caucasian Mineral Waters were leased to the entrepreneur Novoselsky, and then to A. M. Baykov. This did not give the desired results, and two years later the resort returned to government control.
Resort development
In the sixties of the 19th century, research scientists Smirnov and Batalin carried out serious work to study the balneological features of the Caucasian resorts and mineral springs. A Geological Committee is being created, which conducts a comprehensive study of the subsoil. The year 1893 was marked by the opening of a railway line that connected all the resort towns with the Vladikavkaz line. As a result, the resort is rapidly gaining popularity. By 1914, the number of vacationers increased more than 45 times. This year, more than 100,000 people visited Caucasian Mineral Waters.
In 1919, Kavminvodsk resorts received a safe conduct and the status of “socially significant”. The decree signed by V.I. Lenin saves the infrastructure from looting.
In 1920, the Balneological Institute was created in Pyatigorsk, which exists to this day. The Institute studies balneological factors in the treatment and prevention of various diseases.
During the Second World War, all sanatoriums and boarding houses of the resort accepted the wounded.
Resort today
Today, there are about one hundred sanatoriums in the region, which are visited by more than seven hundred thousand people per year.
You can come to relax at any time of the year, but if you plan to come in the summer, it is better to think about purchasing vouchers in advance. They say that in Soviet times in the summer in the cities of Kavminvod the number of people in the cities tripled due to vacationers. Of course, this popularity is explained not only by medicinal factors. Narzan alone won't satisfy you. The region has a large number of cafes for every taste and color. Probably, only here you can taste the dishes of a wide variety of peoples: Russian, Kabardian, Jewish, Azerbaijani, Turkish, Ossetian, Karachay, Armenian, Chinese, Japanese and even Vietnamese cuisine - choose, compare, evaluate. I'm sure you'll find something to suit your taste in each one. And also, try not to get confused in the various methods of preparing barbecue and remember the main differences. After all, if you forget, you will have to repeat the entire course again, and one voucher may not have enough time.
If you are tired of culinary delights, then know: in Kavminvody there is where to get spiritual food. Every city has a theater. In Pyatigorsk this is the Stavropol State Regional Operetta Theater (previously it was called the Musical Comedy Theater). In Essentuki this is the Concert Hall named after F.I. Chaliapin. In Kislovodsk, I recommend visiting the Philharmonic. This is one of the oldest concert institutions in Russia. In Pyatigorsk park named after. In addition to the attractions, Kirov also has a concert venue “Tuning Fork”. And there are so many 3D cinemas that there is no point in listing them here.
In any of the KMS resort towns, you will find numerous bowling alleys and billiard rooms, as well as nightclubs with discos until the morning.
In addition to the attractions on the CMS, vacationers are offered more than a hundred different excursions, both one-day and designed for several days. The excursion routes are very diverse: here you will find Honey Falls, Arkhyz, the ancient city of Magas (where the oldest Christian churches in Russia are located), trout farming and alpine skiing, a permafrost cave or the Deuteroathon Monastery. It’s impossible to count everything. It is very difficult to choose excursions on the spot. Therefore, it is best to first read about them in advance, look at reviews, photos and make your choice.
Every self-respecting Kavminvodsk resort town has its own park, at least one lake and picturesque healing paths.
Terrenkur: from the French terrain - terrain and German Kur - treatment, a method of sanatorium-resort treatment that involves dosed exercise in the form of walking.
These places are imbued not only with real history, but also with literary history. Bronze Kisa Vorobyaninov is still begging near Gukasov's coffee shop, which is opposite the Lermontov Gallery, and his partner Ostap-Suleiman-Bertha-Maria-Bender-Bey still sells tickets near that same Proval.
Photos of KMV
There are 17 unique laccolith mountains in Kavminvody 1, each mountain has its own legend and special charm. You definitely need to visit at least one of them. If you are unable to climb on foot, then there is a cable car to the Air Temple (Kislovodsk) and to the top of Mashuk (Pyatigorsk). The Pyatigorsk ski lift is considered the fastest in Europe. In clear weather, panoramas of the Greater Caucasus Range open up from there, which you will never forget. They say that it is worth coming to the Caucasian Mineral Waters just for the views that open from there. Or you can take off from the ground on a paraglider and enjoy the panorama and the feeling of free flight.
You will definitely like it here. Having arrived in the summer, you will definitely want to return: admire the mountains in autumn colors or wander through the snow-covered parks. Here, at any time of the year, you can improve your health and find something to do to your liking.
1 Mountain laccolith- can be considered as a “failed volcano”, because the magma was unable to escape and only lifted the upper layer of sedimentary rocks, solidifying underneath it in the form of a dome or hemisphere, often mushroom-shaped. (Geographical Encyclopedia).
Beautiful video about Caucasian Mineral Waters
Mineral Caucasian Waters is one of the most frequently visited places in Russia. They include several cities in the North Caucasus. The unusual nature and clean air allow every guest to plunge into the unusual world of this region. Many come here to improve their health and just have a good time on their day off or vacation. Here is located which became famous thanks to its reserves of silt mud. In 1992, it was decided to assign this resort a special status - a protected ecological resort region of Russia. Mineral Caucasian Waters first appeared in Schober's notes. This happened back in the 17th century. Schober himself was a doctor. It is he who is considered the pioneer of this medical field. Despite the fact that the resort includes several cities, its area is about 6 thousand square meters. km. If we take the most extreme point (Kislovodsk), then the distance between them is only 57 km. Thanks to its dense location, you can see and visit all the mysterious places of this resort. From any place in the region you can see the highest point in Europe - Mount Elbrus. Moreover, this peak is a dormant volcano. Who knows when he might wake up. There are a lot of mysterious places here that you should pay attention to.
Caucasian Mineral Waters consists of the cities: Essentuki, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk and Pyatigorsk. The terrain here is predominantly mountainous, which is why many extreme sports enthusiasts flock to this resort not only from Russia, but also from all over the world. This place has more than 90 about 120 sanatoriums and boarding houses, which operate not only in summer, but also in winter. There are very mild winters here without severe frosts, and in the summer every vacationer enjoys the sun and dry weather. The healing properties of water were discovered quite a long time ago, but no one knows the exact time. Once in this region, you can hear many stories and legends from the old residents of the area. The residents here are very hospitable and are always happy to meet new guests. Caucasian mineral waters annually welcome more than a million guests who come for different purposes. The location of the resort is between the Black and Caspian Seas on the slopes of the Caucasus Range, in the northern part.
Sanatoriums of Caucasian Mineral Waters
Mineral Caucasian Waters includes a wide variety of sanatoriums, among which you can choose the most suitable one in terms of services and prices. Many sanatoriums of the Caucasian Mineral Waters were built by certain enterprises, which annually send their employees to a well-deserved rest. But there are also special tours. They are purchased from various travel companies. The tour may include accommodation, treatments, meals, etc. All resorts of Caucasian Mineral Waters are aimed at improving health. One of the most popular is the city of Zheleznovodsk. This is where the medical boarding houses are located, which are famous for their drinking waters and unique medical procedures. All resorts meet the necessary standards, so you don’t have to worry about the quality of your stay. Each establishment tries to be unique and different from others. This is due to competition. But this factor only plays into the hands of every tourist. Before choosing a sanatorium, you need to look through several options so that you can compare all the institutions. This will help you make the right choice.
Sights of Caucasian Mineral Waters
Everyone who comes to these places should rejoice at this chance, because there are many unique places that need to be visited. The sights of Caucasian Mineral Waters are distinguished by their individual history. Each place has its own legend and history. One of them is the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. This building was built in the 90s of the outgoing century. It should be noted that the construction process was carried out in a very short time. An equal-pointed cross was chosen as the basis of the temple. It serves as a symbol of the salvation of people. As for the interior decoration, it was carried out by the best craftsmen who painted the Moscow Cathedral of Christ the Savior. There is another church, an older one - St. Nicholas. It was erected after the end of the Second World War. Inside the church you can see the ancient icon “Quick to Hear”. It was written by monks who lived on Mount Athos. You also need to pay attention to the Mineralovodsky Local Lore Museum. It contains exhibits that cover a large period of time. In addition, there is the Museum of Aviation Technology and the Museum of the Writer A.P. Bibikova. Many tourists visit the magmatic site. People call it Zhlan-tau (translation into Turkic). Well, it’s worth visiting the mud bath building. It was built at the end of the 19th century at the railway station. The interior of the room is reminiscent of ancient Roman baths. Nearby is a real steam locomotive that has been standing since 1985. The monument was erected in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Stakhanov movement.
Kislovodsk is a resort city
Many doctors recommend rest and treatment in various resort areas. One of these is Caucasian Mineral Waters. Kislovodsk is a city that is part of this region. It is located in the southern part. The city is located on high mountains, which explains such clean air. It should be noted that the settlement is simply surrounded by greenery, which is especially pleasant on sunny days. Even in the past, they recognized the uniqueness of the climate and the healing properties of the water, which was called “nart-sane”. In addition, you can simply walk along the streets and parks of the city. They are planted with coniferous trees, and also have unique paths and sidewalks along which it is a pleasure to walk. Kislovodsk is very popular in terms of tourist attendance. People come here not only to improve their health, but also to enjoy the beautiful view and just have a good time. If you look at the sanatoriums, they are built for different classes of tourists. There are both double economy rooms and entire three-level apartments designed for people with high incomes. They contain swimming pools, jacuzzi, saunas, etc. Many diseases are treated with great success in the sanatoriums of Kislovodsk; even severe forms of asthma are cured here.
Before the trip, you need to familiarize yourself with the photo. Caucasian Mineral Waters, like any other place unfamiliar to you, has its own laws and orders. One of the main rules of this region is that drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking in public places is completely prohibited. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the garbage left behind. It cannot be thrown around; there are designated places for it. All these violations may result in a fairly large fine, so there is no need to spoil your vacation, but rather respect those around you. Due to the fact that many tourists want to visit all the cities in the region, they use electric trains. They are the most convenient form of transport for moving around the resort area. As for public transport, taxis are very popular here. These cars will be able to take you to the nearest villages, and will also help tourists find their way around the place.
If you have chosen summer for your vacation, then it should be noted that during the daytime the air temperature rarely drops below +30. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid city tours during the heat of the day. The resort has a large number of private residential properties. The owners actively offer their homes for rent to all visitors. For those who prefer such a holiday, this is very convenient.
Internet to help tourists
Almost everyone who has been here recommends Caucasian Mineral Waters. Reviews are only positive. In order to get acquainted with the opinions of other vacationers about this place, you need to seek help from specialists or at least friends. If you wish, you can find all the information you are interested in. In addition, you can chat with real vacationers and learn about the quality of service in a particular establishment. This is important if you only want to have a pleasant trip experience. It is also recommended to familiarize yourself in detail with the resort’s pricing policy in order to calculate the budget for your vacation. On specialized forums you can meet new people; by the way, there have been many cases when such communication led to a joint vacation. Often in this way you can significantly save your finances.
Resort cuisine
As everyone knows, the Caucasian Mineral Waters region is located in the mountains of the same name, so there is a large concentration of people of the corresponding nationality, their traditions are present, and, of course, national cuisine. It is an integral part of the resort. In the cities of the region you can see a large number of restaurants serving this cuisine. It is based on the best traditions and customs. The menu includes dishes from Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and other countries of the East. In addition to delicious food, you can enjoy live traditional music and see unique oriental dances. The working hours of such establishments are completely different; some work around the clock, while others work from morning until late evening. Each restaurant pays special attention to service. Every guest is greeted here very warmly.
Residential real estate in Caucasian Mineralnye Vody
In order to have fun and usefully spend your time, you need to go to Caucasian Mineral Waters. Holidays here will be at the highest level. Resorts include a wide variety of hotels, private boarding houses and other properties that are rented to tourists. They all vary in price and quality. Therefore, before traveling, it is recommended to choose the most suitable option in order to arrive at the place immediately, rather than waste your time searching. If you purchase a tour, it already includes hotel accommodation. The cost of the tour depends on the class of the hotel, but in addition, the price may be affected by the number of services included in it. This is a good place for a family holiday; all conditions for staying with children are created here.
Capital Pyatigorsk
The cities of Caucasian Mineral Waters are similar to each other. The main settlements are Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk. Pyatigorsk is the capital of this region. It is located at the foot of Mount Mashuk. It is 680 m. It is unique in that it is the only place in the CIS countries where natural radon and mud from Lake Tambukan exist. In some properties they surpass even the mud of the Dead Sea. On the slopes of Mount Mashuk there is an ancient forest, which includes mainly broad-leaved trees. If you walk through the forest, you can see paths, gazebos, and small fountains that delight you with fresh water. Pyatigorsk has a good medical base, made up of favorable factors of its geographical location. Take, for example, a radon clinic. It is the largest in Europe. Here it is possible to accept 15 types of procedures that are aimed at treating various diseases, including diseases of the spine. In Pyatigorsk they will be able to cure ailments of the digestive system, nervous system, and provide treatment for infertility, gynecological diseases, etc.
Unusual Zheleznovodsk
Zheleznovodsk is located near Pyatigorsk. It is the smallest among other resort towns. It got its name due to the fact that it is located at the foot of Mount Zheleznaya. Its height above sea level is 650 meters. The entire city and its outskirts are covered with rich forests, which include oaks, hornbeams and beech. In addition, you can see a large amount of other greenery. Among this luxury one can see sanatoriums. If you look at the southern side of the mountain, here you can see a beautiful bet with a pier for catamarans, boats and boats, as well as a magnificent beach with a small restaurant. What’s interesting about Zheleznovodsk is that all the forest parks are of natural origin. This is due to the city’s entry into the Beshtaugorsky forest. If you walk through the forest, you can see hares, foxes, roe deer, deer and other living creatures. Some vacationers compare the climate of the region with that of Switzerland. The air is also saturated with ions, surprisingly clean, has little humidity, and there are no strong winds. There are 15 sanatoriums in the city, excluding boarding houses. In the park you can find drinking springs of mineral waters: Smirnovskaya, Slavyanovskaya and Vladimirovskaya. In this locality, mud, health path and climatic treatment are widely used. In Zheleznovodsk, they treat the digestive system, diseases of the genitourinary organs, blood circulation, gynecological diseases, prostatitis, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and others.
Essentuki
Essentuki is the quietest and calmest city. In addition, it is considered the most popular resort and drinking spring. The main feature of the city is that it contains as many as 27 sources of healing water. Essentuki is located just 43 kilometers from the airport. Its height above sea level is 640 meters. It should be noted the mountain-steppe climate. Here spring is very short because it quickly turns into dry and warm summer. If we take the length of the day, then Essentuki is in second place, the first is Kislovodsk. In the northern and southern parts there are two parks: Main and Komsomolsky. All sanatoriums are located along the arc of the park area. The resort is a target source, so it is not recommended to drink the water without any illness. All medical sanatoriums are open all year round. It is also designed for children’s health, so children from 5 to 17 years old can come for treatment. This city will help you cope with diseases of the intestines, genitourinary system, liver and all digestive organs. Mineralnye Caucasian Waters are always happy to welcome new visitors.
If you need to improve your health or just have a good and useful time, then you need to head to Caucasian Mineral Waters. Sanatoriums, which have only positive reviews from previous visitors, are ready to welcome vacationers all year round.
Located in the south of the European part of the USSR, almost at the same distance from the Black and Caspian Seas, the Kavminvod region is conveniently located relative to the populated areas of the country and has good transport connections with them. Administratively, it is part of the Stavropol Territory of the RSFSR, occupying almost entirely the Predgorny district, part of the Mineralovodsk region, and small sections of the Georgievsky and Malokarachaevsky (Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region) districts.
Population. Caucasian Mineral Waters is one of the densely populated areas of the North Caucasus (average population density exceeds 150 people per 1 sq. km).
More than 400 thousand people live in cities and towns - mainly Russians, Ukrainians, Armenians, Karachais, Circassians, Abazas, Ossetians, Kabardians and representatives of other peoples and nationalities of our country. The specialization of resorts also determines the specifics of employment of the population.
The resort and tourism industry includes about 100 sanatoriums, boarding houses, and tourist centers, so every fourth person working in the cities of Kavminvod is employed at enterprises in the industry. In general, more than half of the working population of the region is associated with servicing vacationers.
The profession of a doctor has become widespread at the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. In pre-revolutionary times, only a few doctors lived here; most of them came here for the holiday season. Nowadays, thousands of doctors and nurses are constantly employed at the Kavminvod resorts.
Industry and agricultural production. Traditional industrial production in the area of balneological resorts is the bottling of mineral waters. The first bottling of mineral water here was carried out in 1847 by decree of Count Vorontsov - 300 bottles of Essentuki (No. 4) were poured. In 1873, bottling in Essentuki was resumed at a specially built water bottling plant. In 1896, a plant for the production of liquid carbon dioxide was built in Kislovodsk and the bottling of narzan was established. In addition, mineral waters from the Slavyanovsky and Smirnovsky springs were bottled in Zheleznovodsk. In 1913, all enterprises of the Kavminvod produced 9.6 million bottles of mineral water. The production of narzan grew especially rapidly, which received the highest award at the international exhibition in Reims (France). Most of the products of mineral water bottling enterprises were exported to other regions of Russia and exported to Western European countries, Turkey and Iran.
Now three local factories and a workshop annually produce more than 200 million bottles of mineral water. The healing waters of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk are known throughout the world. In the future, with the construction of a new mineral water bottling plant, the output of this product will almost double. The products of the Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk souvenir factories and plants are taken to all corners of the country and abroad; “Souvenir” in Mineralnye Vody Souvenirs are also produced by art factories and workshops at industrial and consumer goods plants. The range of products of these enterprises is wide - these include traditional glasses for drinking mineral water, and products made of cupronickel, horn, porcelain, crystal, and carved boxes. Since 1896, in the village of Andzhievsky (near Mineralnye Vody), the largest glass factory in the North Caucasus has been operating for the production of bottles for bottling mineral water.
Food products, clothing, knitwear, shoes, furniture, building materials, agricultural machinery - this is not a complete list of products produced by industrial enterprises of the Kavminvod.
Agriculture in this area is focused mainly on meeting the needs of vacationers. Its structure has a high share of vegetable growing, dairy and meat farming. Resorts are large consumers of dietary meat. There are powerful poultry farms in the suburbs, including Beshtaugorets, Koltsegorskaya, and Pyatigorskaya. They also produce a third of the eggs produced in the Stavropol region.
The region produces a sixth of the region's vegetables, of which a third is produced indoors. Almost all winter and early spring, fresh vegetables are delivered to the tables of vacationers from greenhouse farms “Teplichny”, “Kislovodsky”, etc. The largest greenhouse enterprise is the “Flowers of Stavropol” plant, which supplies tens of thousands of flowers to the retail chain of resorts and beyond. The farms of the Predgorny region annually produce tens of thousands of tons of milk, meat, vegetables, and fruits to supply vacationers at the resorts.
Transport. The electrified Moscow-Baku highway with branches to Kislovodsk and Zheleznovodsk and the asphalt Rostov-Baku highway pass through the territory of the district. Mineralnye Vody Airport is connected by direct airlines to all major centers of the Soviet Union. It took 13 days to get from Moscow to the Kavminvod resorts in the last century. Nowadays, an airliner delivers passengers here from the capital in two hours. From the airport to the resort towns it is less than an hour's drive by bus or taxi.
To travel from the airport to resort cities, you can use the railway. You need to take a city bus to the railway station in Mineralnye Vody, from where commuter trains go to Kislovodsk in 70 minutes, to Essentuki in 45 minutes and to Pyatigorsk in half an hour. Those who are going on vacation to Zheleznovodsk need to change trains at Beshtau station.
According to the nature of the relief, the Caucasian Mineral Waters region is divided into two parts: the northeastern part, where laccolithic mountains rise against the background of the plain, and the southwestern part with the characteristic features of a mountainous landscape.
In the southwestern part lies the Rocky Ridge, which is monotonous in relief, from which it gently descends to Kislovodsk Bermamyt plateau flat-topped mountains Big(2643 m) and Small(2592 m) Bermamyt. From these peaks a majestic panorama opens onto the Main Caucasus Range with the highest peak in Europe - Mt. Elbrus(5642 m).
About 40 thousand years ago, Elbrus was an active volcano. Since then he has been calm, but scientists have proven that in the deep depths of this mountain hide formidable volcanic forces that can be used by man.
On the Bermamyt plateau there is a mountain Shatjatmaz(2140 m), on which there is a Mining Asuronomic Station, a weather station, and a scientific base of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Northeast of the Bermamyt plateau is the Pastbishchny Range, divided into two parts by the Podkumok River. One part is called Dzhinalsky ridge, the other - Darya Heights(1300-1500 m above sea level).
From the Darya Heights to the northeast it gently descends Borgustan Plateau. In the middle of the steppe zone of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, 17 exceptionally unique laccolithic mountains (failed volcanoes) rise: Beshtau(1399.8 m), Jutsa(1198 m). Snake(994 m), Mashuk(993 m). Yutsa(972 m). Razvalka(930 m). Golden Kurgan(884 m), Camel(885 m), Acute(881 m). Iron(859.4 m). Mangy(875 m), Bald(740 m). Honey(721 m). Dagger(506 m), Kokurtly(406 m). Bull(821 m). Kabanka(Dumb) (772 m).
Ancient volcanic processes created these mountains. The force of magma bursting from the bowels of the Earth was not enough to come out and the magma, magmatic gases and vapors only lifted some areas of the earth's surface, forming dome-shaped peaks. Where the magma found a way out, it froze in the form of exposed rocks.
The low height of these mountains, the presence of gentle slopes, and rich vegetation make them accessible and attractive for organizing short-term tourism.
And in Karachay-Cherkessia.
Treatment in Caucasian Mineral Waters
The Caucasian Mineral Waters region is located on the northern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range and occupies an area of about 5.3 thousand square meters. km from the foothills of Elbrus in the south to the city in the north. In these places, hundreds of springs make their way to the surface of the earth, giving people healing mineral waters, which are used for drinking, bathing, inhalation, irrigation and help in the treatment of many diseases.
In addition to the springs, in this region there is Lake Tambukan - a rich deposit of healing mud, used in all resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.
An additional healing factor in all resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters is the local soft microclimate, which forms in valleys protected by mountains from cold winds. Therefore, all resorts in this region are considered not only balneological, but also climatic.
On the slopes of the mountains, according to the recommendations of doctors, special paths have been laid, walking along which has a healing effect not only due to the beautiful landscapes that soothe the nerves, but also because of dosed, well-calculated physical activity.
Sights of Caucasian Mineral Waters
You can get acquainted with the architectural monuments of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody at the same time as undergoing treatment, because sanatoriums, mud baths, and pump rooms are located in amazing buildings built in the last and century before last. Noteworthy neoclassical mud bath named after Semashko in Essentuki, neo-Gothic Central drinking gallery And Main Narzan baths in Art Nouveau style in Kislovodsk and much more.
The environs of Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk are associated with the name of M. Yu. Lermontov. In these cities and their surroundings there are many attractions that the writer described in the novel “A Hero of Our Time.” In Kislovodsk it is worth seeing the famous Mount "Ring", in Pyatigorsk - walk to gazebos "Eolian Harp", before Lermontov Grotto, go down to place of duel Lermontov with Martynov and bow first poet's burial place.
The entire region of Caucasian Mineral Waters is filled with natural attractions. From almost any trail you can enjoy uninterrupted views of breathtaking scenery. The local mountains are incredibly beautiful: Mashuk near Pyatigorsk, Beshtau and Zheleznaya near Zheleznovodsk and, finally, Elbrus towering on the horizon, covered with a cap of eternal snow. Definitely worth a visit Valley of Narzans, where 20 springs with this healing water flow from the ground.
How to get to Caucasian Mineral Waters
To Caucasian Mineralnye Vody by plane
Airlines fly to the city airport daily from and other cities
