The Russian Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company (UMMC) has decided to become the sole owner of the production of the small local aircraft Let L-410, also known as the “Turbolet”. To achieve this, UMMC is going to increase its own share in the stake in the Czech company Aircraft Industries from 51% to 100%, ITAR-TASS agency reports. The L-410 aircraft is considered by the Russian side as the main model for modernizing regional aviation fleets and restoring the network of local airlines. It is expected that leasing of new aircraft will be carried out with budget support. The heads of Russian regions are going to determine specific mechanisms for this support at a meeting in September 2013.
Currently, the main product of the Czech airline is the L-410UVP aircraft. This model is a short-haul aircraft with a short takeoff and landing distance for 19 passengers. The first modification of the Let L-410 aircraft took to the skies back in 1969. In the post-war years, the Czech “Turbolet” became the first foreign aircraft to fly on Soviet airlines. On the basis of this vehicle, a large number of different modifications for transport, military and special purposes were created. In particular, this aircraft is widely used in Russian military and civilian flight schools, where it serves to train future military transport and long-range aviation pilots.
After the transfer of 51% of the shares of the Czech enterprise into the hands of UMMC, the Czech aircraft manufacturer received additional orders for its main product - L-410 UVP-E20. In 2009, after a fairly long break, aircraft deliveries to Russian customers resumed - first to civilian companies, and later to the Russian Ministry of Defense. As of 2012, the Russian Air Force had 7 L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft in service, while the concluded contracts and option provide for increasing the fleet of these aircraft to 15 aircraft.
Nowadays, Aircraft Industries supplies Russian regions with a modernized version of the aircraft, which is equipped with H-80 turboprop engines, which are produced by the General Electric division in the Czech Republic. According to UMMC, the installation of these engines significantly improved the aircraft's operational characteristics, increasing, in particular, the flight range from 1,420 to 1,520 kilometers. Currently, the L-410 aircraft is listed in the fleets of the Russian companies KrasAero and Orenburg. The Buryat airline PANH and the government of the Khabarovsk Territory are ready to purchase several aircraft. Earlier, the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia stated that 9- and 19-seat aircraft are needed to develop the domestic air transportation market, but such modifications are not produced in Russia.
Let L-410 “Turbolet” is a Czechoslovakian, later Czech twin-engine universal aircraft intended for operation on local airlines. It is a twin-engine turboprop high-wing aircraft with a single-fin tail. Also known under the names: Let, Let L-410, L-410, Turbolet, Elka, Cheburashka. As of 2012, more than 400 aircraft of this type were in operation around the world.
The most common version of the aircraft was the L-410UVP modification; in this version, the aircraft had a shorter takeoff and landing distance. The abbreviation UVP means “short takeoff and landing.” The aircraft of this modification first took to the skies back in 1976. Initially, the machine was equipped with a conventional set of Soviet-Czechoslovak-made aviation equipment. The model differed from its predecessors in the increased dimensions of the wing and vertical tail, an extended fuselage, the use of spoilers and more efficient engines.
It is worth noting that the design and production of small aircraft and air taxis in the countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) bloc was the prerogative of the Czechoslovakian aviation industry. Czech-made aircraft flew not only in the countries of the socialist camp, but also in Switzerland, Italy, Great Britain, the USA, Australia and other countries of the world. The four-seat air taxis Aero-45, Super Aero-45S and Aero-145, as well as the L-200 Morava, were in particular demand. Therefore, it is not surprising that when the question arose of choosing a small short-haul aircraft for mass production, the choice fell on the Czech L-410, which most fully corresponded to most of the parameters announced in the terms of reference of the State Research Institute of Civil Aviation.
The small passenger aircraft L-410 “Turbolet” was designed by the designers of the Let company in 1966-1967, work on the project was headed by Ladislav Smrček. It was assumed that this aircraft could be used in a fairly wide temperature range from +50 to -40 degrees Celsius. Czech specialists were guided by Soviet technical specifications and took into account in advance the difficult climatic conditions of operating the aircraft in the USSR, which was to become the main customer of the aircraft.
In total, by the end of 1978, 100 L-410M/MU aircraft were purchased from the USSR for the Ministry of Civil Aviation. In the Soviet Union, “Turbolets” replaced the famous “corn trucks” of Antonov, which transported unpretentious Soviet passengers on the air pits of local air lines. It is worth noting that the pilots who were “transferred” from the An-2 to the L-410 perceived the newcomer in two ways. On the one hand, the Czech aircraft had many advantages. Firstly, it had 2 engines, it won 2 times in safety. The plane had a set of modern navigation and radio equipment, and a high level of comfort was provided for passengers... But, on the other hand, for pilots of the civil air fleet, the An-2 has always remained the free “gasoline breadwinner” of their personal “Zhiguli” and “Volga” , while the Czech plane was flying on kerosene. And the An-2 was a more unpretentious machine in operation. More precisely, the flight technical personnel treated the issues of operating the Soviet An-2 much more simply. In general, it was considered very prestigious to switch from the An-2 to the Czech L-410.
In total, starting from 1969, 1104 L-410 of various models were produced in Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic, of which 862 aircraft ended up in the USSR. It is interesting that the 1000th “Turbolet” was produced back in 1990 and transferred to Aeroflot, after which their production volumes were significantly reduced. With the collapse of the CMEA, and subsequently the Soviet Union, the demand for these aircraft decreased sharply. Despite this, Turbosts are still in use in more than 45 countries around the world.
Currently, a version of the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft is being produced in the Czech Republic, which can be equipped with analogue or digital avionics (customer's choice), a TCAS mid-air collision avoidance system and an autopilot. The L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft received the IAC AR certificate.
Flight characteristics of L-410 UPV-E20:
Dimensions: wingspan – 19.48 m, length – 14.49 m, height – 5.83 m.
Wing area – 34.86 sq. m.
The maximum take-off weight of the aircraft is 6,600 kg, empty weight is 4,050 kg.
Engine type – 2 HP GE H80-200, power – 2x800 hp.
Maximum speed – 395 km/h.
Practical flight range – 1500 km.
Practical ceiling – 8,000 m.
Crew – 2 people.
Commercial load – 19 passengers or 1800 kg. cargo
Sources of information:
-http://www.newsru.com/finance/25jul2013/rul410plane.html
-http://www.airwar.ru/enc/craft/l410.html
-http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let_L-410_Turbolet
A universal aircraft for local airlines (ALL), which replaced the An-2. The first foreign-made aircraft to fly onto domestic air routes. Other names: L-410, Let, Let L-410, Turbolet, Cheburashka.
Description
Development of the aircraft began in 1966. The first prototype aircraft, equipped with the Pratt-Whitney Canada RT6A-27 (2 x 715 hp) theater, began flight tests on April 16, 1969. Regular operation of the L-410A aircraft at the end of 1971 was the first The Czechoslovak airline Slov Air opened from Bratislava, serving local airlines - by the beginning of 1974 it received 12 aircraft. A total of 31 aircraft were built. Five L-410A aircraft (production No. 720103-06 and No. 720201) with RT 6A-27 engines, built by the end of 1972 under the designation L-410AS, were transferred to the USSR the following year. The planes received Soviet registration numbers from USSR-67251 to USSR-67255. The first of them was brought to the airfield of the State Research Institute of Civil Aviation by Czech test pilot Frantisek Svinka. The people at the airport immediately called the handsome newcomer “Cheburashka.” In 1973, flight tests of the L-410M aircraft, equipped with Czech Walter M 601A theater engines, began. L-410M became the second serial modification of the Turbolet. In total, by the end of 1978, 100 L-410M/MU aircraft were received for the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation.
In 1979, production began of an improved modification L-410UVP, which became the main production model. This aircraft differed from previous versions by its elongated fuselage, increased dimensions of the wing and vertical tail, the use of spoilers and the installation of a Walter M 601 V turboprop engine (2 x 730 hp). This aircraft passed the certification program in the USSR and was accepted into operation by Aeroflot. A further development was the L-410UVP-E variant with more powerful M 601 E theater engines. The first flight of this aircraft took place on December 30, 1984. It is distinguished by improved takeoff and landing characteristics and reduced noise levels in the cabin. In March 1986 it was certified in the USSR. A modification of the L-420 has been developed with more powerful M601 F theater engines (2 x 778 hp), increased take-off weight (6.8 tons) and improved flight characteristics (flight tests of the aircraft began in November 1993).
Since 1969, 1,104 L-410s of various modifications were built, 862 of which ended up in the Soviet Union. By the beginning of 1992, there were about 750 L-410 aircraft left in the USSR.
Modifications
L-410UVP Short-haul passenger aircraft, a modification of the L-410 aircraft, in which the takeoff and landing distance is reduced. The abbreviation "UVP" means "short take-off and landing". The first launch took place in 1976. Produced by the Czechoslovak company "Let". The aircraft is equipped with a conventional avionics complex of joint Soviet-Czechoslovak production. This aircraft differs from previous versions by an elongated fuselage, increased wing and vertical tail dimensions, the use of spoilers and a more powerful engine.
Specifications
| Modification | L-410 | L-410UVP |
|---|---|---|
| Wingspan, m | 19,48 | 19,98 |
| Aircraft length, m | 14,424 | 14,42 |
| Aircraft height, m | 5,83 | 5,83 |
| Wing area, m² | 35,18 | 34,86 |
| Empty aircraft weight, kg | 3800 | 4180 |
| Maximum take-off weight, kg | 5800 | 6600 |
| Internal fuel, l | 1300 | 1290-1690 (can be increased by 400 l by installing fuel tanks at the ends of the wing) |
| Engine type | 2× TVD Motorlet (Walter) M 601E | |
| Power, hp | 2 x 750 | |
| Diameter of five-bladed propellers, m | 2,3 | |
| Maximum speed, km/h | 457 | 457 |
| Cruising speed, km/h | 380 | 380 |
| Practical range, km | 1380 | 680 |
| Range, km | 546 | |
| Practical ceiling, m | 6320 | 6460 |
| Crew, people | 2 | 2 |
| 17-19 passengers or 18 paratroopers or 6 stretchers and 6 seated wounded with an accompanying person or 1615 kg of cargo | 19 passengers or 1710 kg of cargo | |
Notes
Links
- Photos (English) - photographs of the aircraft.
- Description of L-410UVP // airwar.ru
- Description of L-410UVP // avia.ru
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Development of the L-410 aircraft began in 1966. The first sample flew into the air after 3 years. It carried its first passengers at the end of 1071. This flight was operated by the Czechoslovak company Slov Air. The following year, Czechoslovak developers transferred 5 cars to the USSR. Despite the good flight characteristics, work to improve the aircraft continued. So, already in 1973, the L-410M took off, equipped with an engine made in Czechoslovakia.
The next, more advanced modification, L-410UVP, appeared in 1979. It was distinguished by larger wings, vertical tail surfaces, and a longer fuselage. This modification became a production model.
But its improvement continued. In 1984, the L-410UVP-E version appeared, featuring more powerful engines. After 2 years, the aircraft, which received a certificate in the USSR, again received a different, powerful engine.
In the 90s, due to a decrease in demand, aircraft production was reduced to 2–5 per year, although before that they were produced at a rate of 50 per year. This continued until 2008, when 51% of the shares were purchased by the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company. The production of aircraft increased and reached 11 units in 2013. There was no further increase. Currently, most aircraft are in poor condition. But some L-410s continue to fly.
This small aircraft has enjoyed and continues to enjoy some popularity. It has been and continues to be exploited, albeit without its former intensity, in 40 countries. It has performed well on local airlines even in Australia and Greenland.
In Russia, the L-410 is rarely used, since a significant portion of local flights are not operated. These aircraft are available in the fleets of KrasAero, Orenburg and PANH Airlines, located in Buryatia. Interest in the aircraft is being shown in the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Industry and Trade, as well as in some regions with large territories with an undeveloped road network.
Although the developments used in the L-410 are far from new, a number of innovations introduced into it in subsequent years make it possible to operate the aircraft with efficiency no less than existing modern models. Thanks to the use of new engines, its flight range has been significantly increased, and various cabin options allow it to be used not only as a passenger aircraft. Another advantage is the ability to use this aircraft at temperatures from minus 40 to plus 50 degrees. It should also be clarified that the L-410 can land on a dirt runway.
The airliner's interior: comfortable and inconvenient places
Although the cabin of this small aircraft is designed for passengers traveling short distances, it is equipped with all possible amenities. The seats are not much different from those installed in large airliners. Of course, sitting in them for a long time will be tiring, but this car does not perform long-distance flights.
The seats are arranged in 7 rows. But there is an option in which there are fewer rows. In this case, the number of seats is not 19, but only 17. In the first option, the best seats are those in the first row. There are only 2 of them here: A and C. They are located on the left and right of the portholes. For a tall passenger, seat B, located in the second row, is most comfortable. There is no chair in front of him, which makes it possible to place his legs quite comfortably.
During the flight, the noise of the running engines is clearly audible in the cabin. But it is not particularly loud. So passengers can talk to each other, as happens in any type of transport. There is no need to shout in the cabin.
A well-installed heating system ensures a comfortable temperature during the flight. So even in winter you can be here without warm jackets, coats, or fur coats. They can easily be placed on luggage racks. These shelves are enough for all passengers, but you cannot place anything bulky there.
Accommodation for passengers with large bags is also difficult. When going on a trip with more or less substantial luggage, you should place it in the luggage compartment. There are two such compartments on the plane. Although they are not very large, there is enough space for everyone.
Usually, when flying, many passengers simply do not know what to do to make the travel time pass unnoticed. In the cabin of this aircraft, passengers in the front rows are usually engaged in watching the work of the pilots. There is no blind door between the cabin and the cabin, so it is easy to observe what is happening in the cabin.
Since the flights are carried out at low altitudes, usually not exceeding 3 thousand meters, the pictures floating below are clearly visible through conveniently located windows. The advantage here is that you can look at the ground from any row. The view is not blocked by the wings located above the windows.
Of course, we should also mention such conveniences in this small plane as a toilet. It is located in the tail section. Of course, for passengers in the sixth (seat A) and seventh (seat B) rows, such proximity brings inconvenience. However, the toilet door opens not towards the passage, but towards the entrance door, and there are few passengers in the cabin.
A special feature of the cabin is its narrow passage. It is almost impossible for two people to pass each other in it. But there is no moving towards each other on an airplane. In addition, flight attendants do not appear in the aisle with trolleys, as happens on large planes.
In the diagram below of the cabin of an aircraft designed for 19 In the diagram below of the cabin of an aircraft designed for 19 passengers, the numbering, as usual, begins on the left. The order of the seats is A, B, C. Number 5 indicates the toilet, number 11 indicates the luggage compartment.
Does the airplane have a future?
In recent years, measures have been taken to revive small aviation in Russia. This also applies to the L-410 aircraft. Workshops for its production are being installed in the “Titanium Valley”, where UZGA decided to locate them. The commissioning of production capacity should occur in 2018. It is planned to produce aircraft not only for civil aviation, but also capable of performing a number of other tasks. This will include the production of vehicles intended for the armed forces.
In all cases, the latest technologies will be used in production, which will make the aircraft safer and more comfortable. The passenger version of the L-410 will be used on intraregional lines, as well as for communication between cities in different regions with insignificant passenger flow between them.
Characteristics of L-410
Length: 14.487 m.
Height: 5.83 m.
Wingspan: 19.478 m.
Wing area: 34.86 sq.m.
Fuselage width: 1.92 m.
Cruising speed: 310 km/h.
Maximum speed: 395 km/h.
Flight range 1500 km.
Number of passenger seats: 19.
Crew: 2 hours
Conclusion
Available information suggests that the L-410 aircraft has not exhausted the possibilities for continued operation and further improvement. Its special advantage is its ability to take off and land where other airliners cannot do this. The ability to fly at high and low air temperatures allows it to be used in a wide variety of climatic conditions.
The number of passengers carried, although not as large as that of larger airliners, is, however, in most cases sufficient for passenger requests, since the aircraft is usually used on intraregional lines, or on routes between cities not so far apart from each other. During flights, passengers are in conditions almost equal to those existing in large airliners. Further improvements will make these conditions more comfortable.
Taxi cost calculation to the airport
TASS DOSSIER. On November 15, 2017, the passenger plane Let L-410UVP-E20 Turbolet of Khabarovsk Airlines, flying along the route Khabarovsk - Nikolaevsk-on-Amur - the village of Nelkan (Ayano-Maisky district of the Khabarovsk Territory), made a hard landing 2 km from its destination. Six people were killed, including two crew members. One child was saved.
The editors of TASS-DOSSIER have compiled a chronology of crashes of L-410 aircraft in Russia. In total, from the end of 1991 to the present day. V. There were five crashes of aircraft of this type on the territory of the Russian Federation (excluding the emergency on November 15, 2017). A total of 41 people died in them.
April 4, 1992 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RA-67130) of Kamchatavia Airlines, flying from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Baykovo (Sakhalin region), crashed near the destination airport. There were 12 people on board - two pilots and 10 passengers. The crew violated the approach pattern, the plane collided with the ground 5 km from the runway. A detached propeller severed the fuselage behind the cockpit, killing one of the passengers and injuring two others. The power elements of the aircraft were significantly damaged.
August 26, 1993 in Yakutia, the aircraft L-410UVP-E (registration number RA-67656) of Sakha-Avia airlines, flying along the route Kutana - Chagda - Aldan, crashed while landing at the last point of the route. There were 24 people on board - two pilots and 22 passengers, all of whom died. The commission that investigated the crash found that the aircraft was heavily overloaded. Its landing weight exceeded the maximum allowable by 550 kg, this changed the balance of the aircraft when the crew began to lower the flaps, causing the aircraft to stall and collide with the ground. The pilots who decided to carry out the flight despite significant excesses of takeoff and landing masses, as well as with an excessive rear alignment of the aircraft, were found guilty of the emergency.
January 20, 1995 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RA-67120) of the Abakan airline, flying flight 107 on the route Krasnoyarsk - Abakan, crashed during takeoff at Krasnoyarsk Yelizovo airport. The plane was unable to gain altitude, collided with trees and crashed 930 m from the runway. There were 19 people on board - two pilots and 17 passengers. Both crew members and one passenger were killed, 13 people were injured. The cause of the disaster was the overload of the aircraft, the failure of the right engine and the erroneous actions of the crew during takeoff with one engine running. The maximum permissible take-off weight of the aircraft was exceeded by 278 kg due to the fact that Yemelyanovo airport staff and crew accommodated four passengers with luggage in the cabin who did not have tickets for the flight.
March 1, 2003 a private aircraft L-410UVP (registration numbers RA-67418, FLA RF-01032), performing flights to parachute athletes, crashed near the Borki sports airfield in the Kimry district of the Tver region. There were two crew members and 23 parachutists on board (despite the fact that the maximum allowable number of parachutists in this cabin configuration is 12). The permissible take-off weight was exceeded by 618 kg. When during the flight the parachutists headed for the exit at the rear of the aircraft, the alignment was disrupted, the aircraft went into stall mode and, due to undesigned overloads, fell apart in the air. 11 people died - both crew members and nine athletes. 14 people were able to leave the plane and land on their own using parachutes, while four suffered fractures.
July 22, 2012 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RF-00138) DOSAAF Russia crashed at the Bolshoye Gryzlovo sports airfield (Serpukhov district, Moscow region). The aircraft was landing on a dirt runway after a group of paratroopers had landed. The aircraft's front and left landing gear broke, resulting in significant damage to the cockpit and lower fuselage. There were only two crew members on board, both were hospitalized in serious condition. The aircraft commander died from his injuries on July 24, 2012, the co-pilot died in the hospital a month and a half later, on September 6, 2012.
Let's L-410
Let L-410 Turbolet is a multi-role twin-engine turboprop aircraft for local airlines. Developed in the 1960s. in the design bureau of the Let Kunovice plant (Kunovice, Czechoslovakia, now the Czech Republic). It made its first flight on April 16, 1969, is now produced by the Czech company Aircraft Industries (owner - the Russian Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company), in total more than 1.1 thousand copies of various modifications were built, of which 862 were delivered to the USSR. The most modern modification, L-410UVP-E20, is capable of transporting up to 19 passengers or 1 thousand 800 kg of cargo over a distance of up to 1 thousand 500 km. In 2016, Aircraft Industries sold nine L-410 units in the Russian Federation, and 11 more units were planned for delivery in 2017. The option of deploying serial production of the aircraft at the Ural Civil Aviation Plant (Ekaterinburg) is being explored.
In total, at least 117 such vehicles were lost during operation, and more than 420 people died in 106 accidents.
"Khabarovsk Airlines"
"Khabarovsk Airlines" is a regional state unitary enterprise engaged in transportation in the Khabarovsk Territory. Operates the following aircraft: An-24 (2 aircraft), one Yak-40 and An-26 each, as well as four L-410UVP-E20 2013-2015. release (registration numbers - RA-67035, RA-67036, RA-67040, RA-67047). For the airline, the disaster on November 15 was the first in its history.
Let L-410 Turbolet is a passenger and transport aircraft of Czech (Czechoslovak) production, intended for regional transport. It can carry up to 19 passengers or 1.7 tons of cargo. Among the advantages of the model are its reliable design, safety, heat resistance (-50... +50 °C), and the ability to land on a short unpaved runway. The first prototype flew on April 16, 1969, and more than 1,200 units have been produced since production began in 1971. The main buyers of these machines are Russia and the CIS countries. They are also used in Asia, Africa, Europe and South America.
Historical background
The development of the L-410 aircraft began in the mid-1960s by the Czechoslovak aircraft manufacturer Let Kunovice based on drawings from the Taganrog Beriev Design Bureau. The Soviet airline Aeroflot was looking for a replacement for its aging Antonov An-2 turboprop models. New aircraft were supposed to communicate with regional settlements located in different climatic zones - from the tundra to the subtropics. The most important conditions were compactness (capacity up to 20 passengers), high efficiency, short acceleration runway, and the ability to land on unpaved runways. The turboprop design was perfect for these purposes.
Production was entrusted to the Let company as a member of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance of the socialist bloc. The XL-410 prototype carried out a test flight on April 16, 1969, under the control of factory pilots Vladimir Vlk and Frantisek Svinka. The first copies were equipped with Pratt Whitney Canada PT6-A27 engines and Hamilton Standard three-bladed propellers.
When development of the Czechoslovakian-built Walter M601 engines was completed, the PT6 powerplants were replaced by the M601A (later M601B) and the aircraft featured the Avia V508 three-blade propeller. A sample with new equipment was prepared in 1973, and made its first flight in 1974. The model was labeled L-410M. In 1975, deliveries to the USSR began.
Description
The Turbolet belongs to the class of unpressurized all-metal aircraft, for this reason the flight altitude is limited to 4200 km above sea level. The aircraft is capable of flying above 6,000 km, but in this case the use of oxygen masks is required.
Two 3/5 blade turboprop engines are highly efficient and provide sufficient thrust for short-haul takeoffs. However, we had to sacrifice speed - 300-335 km/h in the old versions and 417 km/h in the new NG modification. However, for regional flights this is not critical.
The passenger compartment is compact, 5-7 rows. There are 2 chairs to the right of the aisle, and one to the left. The seats are quite comfortable. At the rear there is a toilet with a washbasin and a mini-wardrobe. There are VIP versions with a sofa (sleeper), soft armchairs, coffee table, TV, kitchen-bar and refrigerator.
Flight safety is ensured by a double hydraulic circuit (main and emergency) and an automatic descent system (availability depends on the modification) in the event of a breakdown of one of the engines. The main electrical system operates at 28 VDC. Anti-icing is provided by front pneumatic deicers, as well as electrically heated propellers, cockpit windshields and air pressure receivers.
Specifications
The parameters of L-410 aircraft of various modifications are presented in the table.
Since 2014, a special version of the Let-410 E20 with skis on the chassis has been developed. In April 2017, this modification was successfully tested at a Russian polar station 100 kilometers from the North Pole, deployed on drifting ice.
This is a modification with a shortened takeoff and landing length, the takeoff length is only 456 m. It differs from the classic version:
- expanded fuselage;
- improved braking system;
- increased wing area;
- capacity reduced to 15 seats;
- fixed stabilizer (vertical tail).
The wings are equipped with spoilers and an automatic emergency control system (ABC). They help control the rate of descent (lift) and are triggered in the event of a failure of one of the engines.
The first aircraft were equipped with M601B engines. Later, their own modification of the M601D power plants was developed for them. The model entered production in 1976.
Let UVP-E
The E series is the most common among UVP modifications. She has:
- increased maximum take-off weight;
- more powerful Walter M601E engines;
- five-blade propellers V510.
The most productive version is the L-410 UVP E20. It allows you to transport 1.8 tons of cargo or 19 passengers. Can be equipped with a pair of Walter M601E (2×750 hp) or GE H80-200 (2×800 hp) engines. External fuel tanks can be installed at the end of the wing. The first flight took place in 1984, serial production started a year later.
Let L-410 NG series
In March 2018, serial production of an improved version of the UVP E-20 began. She received the index L-410NG. The twin-engine turboprop transport/passenger aircraft manufactured by the Czech company Aircraft Industrie received an extended fuselage, which increased the volume of the luggage compartment.
The model is equipped with:
- a more powerful and quieter GE H85-200 powerplant with Avia-725 propellers;
- modern cockpit from Garmin;
- wings of a new design with built-in fuel tanks.
The new engine meets strict European noise and environmental standards. The carrying capacity was increased by 400 kg, the speed was increased to 417 km/h, and the flight range was a record 2,570 km for this model. The operating altitude remains the same - 4200 m, maximum ceiling - 6096 m. The aircraft can operate continuously for up to 10 hours.
Modifications
The Czech aircraft manufacturer Aircraft Industrie has created the following Turbolet modifications over the years:
- L-410A. Basic version with PT6A-27 engines and Hartzell HC-B3TN-3D propellers.
- L-410AS. Has an updated interior.
- L-410AB. Equipped with a four-stroke Hartzell HC-B4TN-3 propeller.
- L-410AG.
- L-410AF. Photogrammetric option. Delivered to Hungary in 1974.
- L-410FG. Photogrammetric option.
- L-410M prototype from 1974. Equipped with Walter M601A engines and Avia V-508 propellers.
- L-410MA. Equipped with Walter M601B engines and Avia V-508B propellers.
- L-410MU. Equipped with a device for automatically adjusting descent in the event of failure of one of the engines.
- UVP prototype. First tested on November 1, 1976.
- L-410 UVP-E. The first flight was carried out on August 15, 1989 by the crew of Frantisek Srnek and Miloslav Tosovsky.
- UVP-E9.
- UVP-E20, certified as L-420 in the USA.
- L-410T. Transport/sanitary modification.
- L-410LW with reduced weight.
- L-420XXL. Transport version with cargo compartment for 3 MD3 (FEDEX) containers or 2000 kg of cargo.
- L-410NG. Modified version of UVP-E20.
Production
The L-410 Turbolet model turned out to be extremely successful. So much so that it is still produced in various variations. Compact dimensions, short acceleration, flexible requirements for runways, the ability to transport both passengers and cargo, high efficiency, and low operating costs allowed the equipment to gain a foothold in the market of Eastern Europe and especially Russia for a long time.
The L-410 is produced by Aircraft Industries (formerly Let Kunovice) from the Czech city of Kunovice. Today the enterprise belongs to the Russian Group of Companies “Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company”. According to available data, about 1,200 units were sold from 1971 to 2016. There are currently about 350 aircraft of this brand in operation around the world, both in civil and military versions. Approximately 50 boards are used in Europe.
Several years ago, a project was launched to localize the production of Turbolet in Russia. On July 7, 2015, specialists from the Ural Civil Aviation Plant in Yekaterinburg assembled the first aircraft from Czech vehicle kits. In the future, it is planned to increase the share of spare parts, components and mechanisms manufactured by domestic manufacturers.
Operators
Turbolet is operated by air forces and civil airlines in more than two dozen countries in Europe, Central and South America, South Asia, and North and Central Africa. Among commercial air carriers, the following companies have the largest fleet of Let L-410 aircraft (according to data for 2006-2016):
- "Universal-Avia" - 13 units (Ukraine);
- Atlantic Airlines de Honduras - 10 (Honduras);
- SEARCA - 9 (Colombia);
- “Orenbuzhye” - 7 (Russia);
- Heli Air - 7 (Greece);
- "KrasAvia" - 6 (Russia);
- NHT Linhas Aéreas - 6 (Brazil);
- South East Asian Airlines - 6 (Philippines);
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Aviation Enterprise - 5 (Russia);
- Kin-Avia - 5 (DR Congo).
According to data for 2012-2016, military modifications are in service with the armies of Russia (27 copies), Libya (15), Slovakia (8), Czech Republic (6), Tunisia (3), Bulgaria (2), Honduras (2), Comoros (2), Estonia (2), Bangladesh (1), Djibouti (1), Latvia (1), Lithuania (1), Slovenia (1).
