Warm room for growing carp. Advantages and disadvantages of carp farming

Growing carp artificially in ponds and reservoirs on a personal plot is not only not a difficult task at all, but also quite profitable. Carp is considered one of the best fish species for breeding in small reservoirs. It is perfectly adapted to life in low-flow and shallow ponds that warm up well. This fish can be grown not only in ponds, but also in cages, pools, and canals. An interesting fact is that in a small reservoir, carp reproduces and grows faster, since it has to spend less time searching for food, and the owner can organize better care.

With sufficient nutrition and favorable temperature conditions in the reservoir, carp grows quickly. This fish is unpretentious to living conditions and tolerates not very good water quality and short periods of oxygen deficiency. In winter, carp can be left to spend the winter in well-equipped reservoirs; they enter a state similar to hibernation and can die only if there is an acute lack of oxygen.

One cannot fail to mention the economic profitability of breeding this fish; for many, this activity has become a profitable business. The fact is that carp grows quickly and at the age of two reaches 1.5-2 kg, and at 15-20 years it weighs up to 20 kg, and the total lifespan of carp is up to 200 years! The typical productivity of this fish is 2 c/ha. Fertility – up to 1.5 million eggs. There are no problems with the sale of carp - it has high quality meat and a pleasant taste.

Carp breeding conditions

Several important conditions must be observed for carp breeding: good water supply, enrichment of water with oxygen, proper nutrition. Let us consider in more detail which conditions for carp breeding are most favorable.

First, we note that a variety of reservoirs are suitable for carp breeding: lakes and small reservoirs, dug ponds, pools and cages, riverbed and diked ponds, exhausted peat quarries. The bottom of the reservoir can be equipped with clay, film, but better with concrete or brick. Particular attention is paid to water supply.

Pond water supply– the quality and quantity of water must correspond to the technological standards for growing this fish. It is better that the reservoir is running, but the water flow should not be strong.

Proper nutrition– carp is omnivorous, but it is better to feed it with special feed; however, if it is not available, you can use any other feed, for example, intended for pigs or chickens. In extreme cases, you can feed the fish grains of cereals and legumes, after soaking them in water. Loose feed is thrown into the reservoir in the form of a tight dough, that is, it is first kneaded in a basin or bucket. Carp in the pond are fed once or twice a day. It is advisable to set a specific time for feeding.

Filtration system– is extremely necessary in stagnant or low-flowing reservoirs. It is better to install a two-stage filtration system: mechanical and biological. Such a system will remove organic waste, fish excrement and food residues, and filtration will ensure optimal gas balance.

For breeding, they usually choose mirror carp (with mosaic scales scattered throughout the body), scaly carp, linear carp (with scales located along the lateral lines), Ukrainian scaly and Ukrainian framed carp, as well as naked carp (has no scales).

For profitable breeding, the growing period for carp is 1-2 years.

Breeding carp in a pond

For carp breeding in a pond to be successful, its depth must be at least 1.5 meters, and the total volume must be more than 8 tons (approximate size 3 * 3 meters).

It is better if the pond is placed in a quiet corner of the plot so that the fish are not frightened by the constant noise from the road or sports ground. The pond should be well lit by the sun, but be in the shade for some part of the day. The optimal water temperature for carp breeding is +24-26°C; if the water temperature drops, the feeding intensity of the fish will also decrease. And maximum temperatures of -4, +30°C are unfavorable for carp; in this mode, the fish will refuse food.

The reservoir should not be placed in a low-lying area, as dirty runoff or melt water will flow into it when it rains and melts snow.

The process of constructing a carp pond is no different from constructing a decorative pond. Stocking should be done in settled water around March; if it is still cool during this period, the pond is covered with a transparent film. If you properly care for the fish, then by December you can get large specimens up to 1.5 kg.

To successfully breed carp in a pond, do not forget to plant various plants on the walls of the reservoir, since this fish spawns in coastal vegetation, which serves as the basis for gluing the eggs.

The development of the embryo in the egg occurs within 3-6 days; on the second day after leaving the egg, the fry begins to actively feed on zooplankton. The food for adult carp are mollusks, bloodworms and various plant foods.

Breeding carp in pools

It is believed that breeding carp in pools is the most profitable method, since it is easier to maintain a favorable temperature regime in them and regulate the intensity of water exchange. Swimming pools are also easier to wash and clean and easier to maintain good oxygen conditions.

The most popular pools are made of fiberglass; they can be square, round, rectangular or have any shape, and their size varies from 1 to 40 m3. Vertical silo pools, into which water is supplied from below and flows down through the top, are also gaining popularity. They have a small area, but allow you to get a good brood of fish.

If the pool is filled with clean water, then it must be prepared for launching fish. It is left to stand for several days, allowing microorganisms to appear. You can throw a couple of bunches of grass into the water or fill a few buckets from a nearby pond.

Remember to aerate the pool water, pump it up and drain it. Aeration is performed using any compressor (even a vacuum cleaner will do).

If the above conditions are met, carp breeding in a pool or pond will be successful and profitable.

• Selecting a room
• Sales of products
• How much can you earn
• • • • Similar business ideas:

Despite the fact that growing carp in pools is less profitable than in open water, this method of breeding carp has a right to exist. This is explained primarily by a number of advantages of this method of carp breeding. Firstly, this is a highly controllable process of growing fish - you can control the flow rate, temperature, and hydrochemical regime. Secondly, fish can be grown year-round if the pools are placed in a heated room. This is especially true for northern regions, where weather conditions and harsh climate do not make it possible to breed carp in open reservoirs.

How much money do you need to start a business for breeding carp in pools?

Investments in a carp farming business can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. Fixed costs for maintaining fish are also high. The fact is that water supply to swimming pools occurs mechanically, that is, using pumps. Hence, investments are required in the purchase of a pumping station (10-15 thousand dollars). Electric pumps mean constant energy costs. In addition, the water in the pools must be constantly cleaned - so here are the costs of filtration and construction of treatment facilities ($20 thousand).

Selecting a room

The required area of ​​the premises depends on the planned volume of production and the availability of funds for the arrangement of the farm. As a guide, about 5 tons of carp can be grown on 25 m2. In private household plots, fish farmers manage to place pools even in sheds and basements. The requirements for the premises are as follows: heating, electricity - 220 V and ventilation.

Technology for growing carp in pools

Carp are grown in rectangular tanks with an area of ​​15 to 200 thousand/m3. The depth of water in pools must be at least 1 m. The pools themselves can be made of different materials: wood, metal, fiberglass, plastic, concrete. The cheapest option is plastic pools, which are also the most common in small farms. The shape can also be different: round, square and rectangular.

In addition to the pools themselves, creating conditions for growing fish requires the purchase of the following equipment: taps, aeration systems, compressors, aerators, filter stations, UV sterilizers. The estimated cost of the entire set of equipment, including pools for growing 2.5 tons of marketable fish per year, is 700 - 1000 thousand rubles.

The stocking rate for juveniles weighing 50 grams is 300 specimens/m3, with the yield of live specimens being 90%. Carp fry are purchased from fishing breeding farms. A kilogram of fry costs from 80 rubles. It is better to buy from well-known and reliable companies. For example, “Karmanovsky fish farm” in Ufa, “Golubaya Niva” and OJSC “Reftinsky fish farm” in Sverdlovsk, fish farm “Polesie” from the Republic of Belarus and others.

Carp are fed with granulated feed. With full, balanced feeding, carp weighing 0.5-0.6 kg can be grown from eggs within 9 months. The average cost is about 50 rubles per 1 kilogram of growth.

Sales of products

The most difficult thing in the matter is to find where and to whom to sell the fish. The competition in the market is very serious, it’s almost impossible to get online. Carp are sold when they reach a weight of 1.0 - 2.5 kilograms (it gains this weight in 1.5 - 2 years). Main distribution channels: fishing stores, fishmongers, food and chain markets. Carp can be served both chilled and live. In the first case, the wholesale price starts from 160 rubles/kg, in the second it is slightly cheaper - from 90 rubles/kg.

Experienced fish farmers and businessmen say that pools can be used to greater advantage if they breed ornamental fish (koi carp), or, even better, clariid catfish. Catfish outperform carp in many respects, including: higher maintenance (in Poland and Holland they get more than 500 kg/m3), catfish absorb atmospheric air, catfish itself is not a cheap fish with excellent taste (especially smoked). Moreover, catfish have an increased growth rate and are resistant to many diseases.

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start You should start implementing a business for breeding carp in pools by creating a clear business plan that takes into account the following factors:

• Selecting the location and size of the pool, taking into account the required conditions for keeping and breeding the selected type of carp.
• Calculation of required costs and expected profits.
• Obtaining the necessary documents and permits.
• Pool arrangement, installation of filters, lighting and other accessories.
• Purchase of fry, feed and raw materials for breeding.
• Establishing work with suppliers and the sales market.

How much can you earn

Initially, you should calculate the costs. The fry will cost 10-12 thousand rubles, wage costs - 30 thousand, food - 8 thousand and about 20 thousand more for other expenses. The total is about 70 thousand rubles. To this are added the costs of renting or purchasing a pool. The profit of such a business depends on many factors and, based on the cost estimates indicated above, is about 100 thousand rubles per month. As a result, we have a net profit of 30 thousand rubles, excluding pool rental. The payback period is one of the disadvantages of such a business and is more than one year.

Which OKVED code to indicate when registering a business?

For such a business it is mandatory to indicate: OKVED 2.03. Fishing and fish farming.

What documents are needed to open

To start a business for breeding carp in pools, you must register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC, it all depends on the volume of production.

Which taxation system to choose for business registration

It is best to choose a single imputed income tax or a simplified tax scheme for your business.

Do I need permission to open?

To open a carp breeding business, you will need a permit for breeding and fishing from local governments and the State Committee for Water Resources. It is advisable to conduct an environmental assessment and obtain appropriate permission from employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the sanitary-epidemiological station.

The current economic situation in our country is forcing many people to think about financial support for their family and start a home business. To begin with, you can consider the option of breeding carp on your summer cottage. Breeding carp at home as a business is promising and profitable, and is based on simple technology.

Preparing a reservoir for launching carp

This is a very good option for those who have their own plot of land. It is also possible to build a small one that will be completely sealed. It is necessary to provide for a periodic process of water renewal. Before adding fish, the water in the pool must warm up throughout the day. The launch is usually carried out in March, and if the conditions are correct, in late November–early December the carp can gain weight of about one and a half kilograms.

What to feed carp in a pond

Bait is usually carried out in the same place and preferably at the same time. performed twice a day - morning and evening. At this time, the fish will already gather in this place of the feeders. And it will be easier to catch large individuals in the future. Any plant food is acceptable for carp. To obtain environmentally friendly meat, no chemical substances are used.

Types of carp photo

Carp is a very tenacious and unpretentious fish compared to other species. The reproducibility of this species leads among other freshwater aquacultures. Carp is divided into subspecies:

Linear carp

With scales along the lateral line;

Mirror carp

Scales are found throughout the body;

Scaly carp

Naked corporal

The body of the carp is long and strong, low. Thickening on the front of the body. The teeth are three-rowed and have a developed powerful chewing plate.

It is necessary to adhere to certain aspects of the guidelines for creating a carp farm. Carp grows well when the water temperature in the reservoir is up to 30 degrees and there is sufficient availability of food. Carp easily settle into warm ponds, are not overly sensitive to the quality and composition of the water, and can endure short periods of low oxygen saturation in the water.

During the winter, carps are covered with a layer of a kind of mucus, buried in the mud in depressions and holes and fall into a dormant state. It can only be disrupted by a lack of oxygen in the water. To do this, you must make holes on the frozen surface and make sure that they do not freeze. During the winter, carp do not eat food. Gill covers reduce respiratory movements (instead of the usual 40-45 they make only 3-4). The digestion process first slows down and then stops altogether. And there is a sharp decrease in metabolism.

Carp farming business plan

From a financial perspective, breeding this type of fish is profitable due to its rapid growth and unpretentiousness to living conditions. Carp gains its weight of 1.5-2.0 kg at the age of two years. And at 15-20 years old it can reach 20 kg. The natural productivity of carp in natural ponds reaches 2 centners per hectare. The fish has good meatiness, meat with high quality indicators.

Sexual maturity in an individual occurs in the third or fourth year of life. The spawn fertility of one carp is approximately 1.5 million eggs. The fish is very hardy. It can withstand being in low-oxygen water.

With minimal costs you can get up to 300% profit in the first season. It all depends on your capabilities and the desired pool, purchasing healthy fry. By the way, one idea is to breed fry in your own small aquarium.

Preparing to sell carp

Simultaneously with growing fish, begin to resolve issues related to the sale of your product. Conclude preliminary agreements, monitor the pricing policy on the sales market. Carp is popular among the population.

You don't need to have any special skills - build a pool, buy adults or fry and start your own business. This home-based business is suitable for those who want to make a good profit with minimal investment. To further develop your business in this direction, study literature that specializes in the experience of the authors: how to keep and care for carp, increase growth and weight gain.

Find out more about other methods of carp breeding (extensive, semi-intensive, intensive), which provide some features for choosing food. Visit carp farms and consult with experts. The main thing is not to stop at the achieved results, but to move forward.

Breeding carp in a pond as a business video

Breeding carp at home as a business is a great idea for aspiring entrepreneurs looking for an opportunity for self-development. Fish is one of the most popular goods among Russians. They like to fry it, salt it, dry it, and smoke it. Moreover, your business can be supplemented with carp fishing by ordinary fishermen who want to bring delicious fish to their table.

Not every entrepreneur knows where to start and how to succeed in fish farming. Fortunately, carp is considered one of the most unpretentious sturgeon species. But this business also has its own important features that will need to be taken into account.

Many novice entrepreneurs decide to breed carp rather than any other fish because such a business has many advantages. The advantages include:

• Unpretentiousness of fish. Indeed, carp are very tenacious. It is able to grow and develop even in a shallow body of water without any amenities.
• Minimum amount of knowledge. Even a novice entrepreneur who does not have special knowledge and skills will be able to understand carp breeding.
• Fast reproduction. It is believed that carp could fill all rivers if their fishing stops. In terms of their reproduction speed, they can be compared to rabbits. A female carp can produce up to 300,000 eggs at a time. With a survival rate of even 10%, the number of her offspring will be 30,000 individuals.
• Stability of demand. Carp is a fairly popular fish among Russians. Therefore, the demand for it always remains quite high. It is noteworthy that it can be sold not only to stores, but also to catering outlets - restaurants, cafes.
• Fast payback. This possibility exists in the case of purchasing fry over the age of 2 years. Otherwise, you will have to wait several years for profit.
• Additional sources of income. You can raise carp fry for their subsequent resale to other entrepreneurs.

When wondering whether it is profitable or not to engage in carp breeding, an entrepreneur must remember some of the difficulties of running such a business. The main disadvantage is the rather long preparatory stage. After all, the entrepreneur will have to deal with the purchase or lease of land for the reservoir, and its improvement. It will also take time to register a business, purchase fry and study the peculiarities of their cultivation. It will be quite difficult to pass preliminary environmental examinations to determine the purity of the water and the condition of the fish.

It is better for an entrepreneur to consider the possibility of breeding carp in a natural reservoir. The use of cages, pools and other closed water supply installations will be burdened with the need to constantly monitor water temperature and oxygen supply. There will be other important factors that you will have to provide yourself.

Carp breeding options

As already mentioned, it is better to breed carp in a pond, unless we are talking about industrial breeding. There are two possible options:

But any of these options requires you to follow certain requirements. A suitable pond will be one that satisfies the following conditions:

1. The temperature regime is not higher than 30 0 C. Therefore, very hot regions of the country are not suitable for carp breeding. Too high a temperature will reduce the amount of oxygen in the water, causing the fish to suffocate. On the contrary, low temperatures will slow down the growth of individuals and their reproduction rate.
2. The depth of the reservoir is up to 1.5 meters. A deeper pond will have a bad effect on the development of fish. The water in such a reservoir does not warm up enough, and carp like to live at the bottom.
3. Presence of plant organisms. They should be in moderation. Plants will help balance the amount of oxygen in the water; they create shady places where carp can be found in hot weather.

It is highly recommended not to purchase carp from private individuals. The seller must be officially registered as an entrepreneur. It is better to contact special nurseries, farms or fish farms. There, upon purchase, they will give you a certificate that confirms the quality of the purchased individuals.

The technology for growing carp is quite simple. In normal times, you will only need to monitor the temperature and oxygen content in the water, and feed the fish in sufficient quantities. During the mating season, adult individuals are removed from the pond to separate reservoirs. One cage should contain 2 females and 1 male. And immediately after the fry appear, they must be placed back in the pond.

Particular attention should be paid to feeding the fish, as carp are shy and very careful. New individuals born in captivity will not be so critical of this. When feeding, you need to remember a few important rules:

• number of feedings per day - 2 times;
• feeding time - morning, evening;
• consumption rate - 3-5% of the individual’s weight per day;
• food is lowered into the reservoir using special feeders - you cannot simply throw food into the water (this will avoid contamination and subsequent rotting of the reservoir).

A number of features will depend on the chosen feeding method. The following varieties are distinguished:

1. Extensive. The fish feed naturally, that is, they do not receive food from the outside. The basis of the diet is plants, insects, larvae. This option will allow you to earn income without the cost of feed. But the individuals themselves will be thin, which may turn off buyers.
2. Semi-intensive. In this case, the carp feeds on what is in the reservoir. Additionally, the businessman introduces cereals such as wheat and barley into the diet. This option will accelerate growth and allow you to obtain more well-fed individuals, while the costs will not be too high.
3. Intensive. For feeding in this case, feed intended for birds or pigs is used. The main advantage is the rapid growth and weight gain of individuals. But this option will require higher costs, and the finished meat may develop a specific taste.

Financial results

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Any entrepreneur is interested in the amount of possible profit when working with carp. If a natural reservoir is used, then there will be no special costs for its arrangement. But an artificial pond will require the following costs:

• purchase or lease of land;
• purchase of plants;
• purchase of stones;
• carrying water to a reservoir;
• purchase of filters and other equipment necessary to maintain an artificial pond in excellent condition;
• purchase of fry (100 individuals will be enough to start with);
• purchase of feed.

All together it will take about 300,000 rubles. When purchasing adult individuals, the payback period will be significantly lower than if they were purchased at a very young age. An entrepreneur can earn about 6,000 rubles in a day, and 180,000 rubles in a month. To maintain the reservoir and feed it will require about 20,000 rubles per month. Then arrive at 160,000 rubles. Therefore, after just 2 months (not counting the growth time) you will be able to get your investment back. It is not surprising that carp farming is so attractive to entrepreneurs, because high profitability allows you to quickly start making a profit with minimal investment.

The basis of this type of business is the presence of a natural (or artificial) body of water - a pond, a lake. There are two ways: 1) rent an existing pond 2) create your own. Let's look at both of these options and compare the pros and cons.

Rent of natural reservoirs

All natural reservoirs are federal property. They are managed by the authority responsible for this - each region has its own, but in most cases it is the regional Ministry of Natural Resources.

It is legally impossible to obtain ownership of a natural reservoir, but it can be rented for a certain period. Since there are many people who want to earn income from lakes and ponds, the department periodically holds tenders. Participants in such competitions, having offered the best (higher) price, can rent a pond or lake for a period of up to 20 years - this is the deadline for providing water bodies for use on the basis of a water use agreement.

Such competitions are held in each region; most can be found on the government procurement and bidding website. The unified information system in the field of procurement can be found at www.zakupki.gov.ru. However, if you want to participate in bidding, you will need to connect to large specialized resources, subscription to which is paid and costs on average from 30,000 to 100,000 rubles per year.

If you don’t have that kind of money and you plan to work in a certain area, then you can independently monitor publications in the media, because the regional environmental management authority is obliged to inform the population about the planned auctions. Otherwise, such violations are dealt with by the prosecutor's office.

Fish farming is a type of water use without abstraction (withdrawal) of water resources. Along with inland fisheries, this type of water use includes the following types of activities:

• hydropower;
• water transport and recreation;
• aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems;
• healthcare;
• floodplain meadow farming.

The procedure and purposes for providing facilities for use are determined by the Water Code of the Russian Federation. When using a water resource, you must strictly comply with the requirements of this regulation, otherwise you will face a rather large fine.

The main requirements of the Water Code for businessmen renting natural ponds and lakes include prohibitions:

• on negative impact on the environment;
• ban on changing the water regime, etc.;

The water use agreement concluded based on the results of the tender must contain the following data:

1. graphic materials and an explanatory note to them;
2. information about the water body;
3. goals and conditions for using the reservoir;
4. duration of the contract, amount of rent, etc.

Artificial fish pond

If you decide to make a pond on a plot of land that belongs to you by right of ownership, then the pond automatically also becomes your property. To create a pond for carp breeding, a quiet and open place is selected, preferably with trees on one side. The depth of the reservoir should be from 2 meters, with an area of ​​9 sq.m.

When choosing a location for a future pond, give preference to areas with natural depressions and a flat bottom with natural vegetation on the banks. The future pond must be supplied with clean water from a stream or well. If water enters the pond from a large river, then a barrier from predators is placed at the entrance, and the drain is also equipped with a grate.

Growing carp in a pond as a business

Carp farming is a popular way to earn money. Carp is unpretentious in maintenance, grows quickly (in 2 years it gains 2 kg of live weight).

This fish is easy to sell, everyone knows and loves it.

The most commonly bred breeds are:

• scaly and mirror carp;
• linear;
• naked carp

A big plus is that carp can be cultivated together with other species (pike, tench, catfish, pike perch). When growing carp, extensive and intensive breeding systems are often used. In the first case, the fish are fed with natural food, in the second - complex food. Extensive system characterized by low production costs and a slight increase in individuals.

At intensive system fish are grown in cages using complex feed with a high protein content (compound feed). It is characterized by high productivity (5-20 tons per hectare) and high planting density. The disadvantage of such a system is the high risk of spreading diseases.

Living conditions of carp

Features of the content. The lifespan of this freshwater fish is about 20 years, and it begins to reproduce at the age of 2. It grows quite quickly, especially in small, well-warmed bodies of water. The optimal temperature in the pond for carp breeding is +24 - +26°C. If the temperature is above +30°C or significantly below the optimal temperature, the fish begins to die. In winter, it is necessary to make ice holes in the pond to provide sufficient oxygen. If carp begin to gather near the ice hole in winter, this is a sign that the living conditions of the fish are deteriorating.

Food. Carp is an omnivorous fish; it feeds on larvae, worms, grain and mixed feed. You need to feed the fish morning and evening in one place. Thanks to this, you can control the living conditions and growth of individuals and carry out catching.

The feeding area must be prepared - you can use several tables with sides in different places for this purpose, which can be easily removed from the water if necessary.

Pond care. It is necessary to clean the pond or lake in a timely manner, remove animals, birds, frogs and insects.

Carp diseases. One of the most common diseases to which individuals are susceptible is carp pox. It does not pose a danger to humans, but can significantly reduce the fish population. To reduce risks, the banks and the reservoir itself are watered with diluted lime in the fall.

Gill necrosis is an infectious disease, most often caused by a violation of the hydrochemical regime. Often leads to massive fish kills.

Saprolegniosis is the second most common disease of freshwater fish. Preventive measures involve the use of formaldehyde, malachite green, violet “K”, etc.

Introducing fish into a natural body of water and catching them

The full cycle of growing carp is a complex matter, so most businessmen buy fry from a fish farm and release them into a pond or lake. It is best to buy carp at the age of 1 year and in the spring to place them in a heated reservoir, and in the fall to catch all the fish (provided that the carp farm is annual). If the farm is long-term, then medium-sized carps are caught after spawning, and old individuals are left for breeding. The annual weight gain of carp is about 1000 grams.

Spawning occurs in summer in shallow places. The eggs take 4-5 days to mature, and the fry begin to eat almost immediately after hatching.

Paid eco ponds with hotel business

This is a very popular business direction, which involves providing clients with fishing and related services, in particular, hotel houses, for a fee. This business will generate good, almost passive income, provided that the reservoir is popular among local residents and guests. Therefore, for rent you should choose those lakes and ponds that have been visited by a large number of amateur and professional fishermen for a long time. By entering into a water use agreement with the regional government, you simply begin charging fees on a previously free body of water.

The cost of paid fishing at your place should not differ greatly from similar offers on the market in order for your business to be competitive. On average, fishermen pay 250-600 rubles for using the pond, taking all the catch they catch with them.

Houses and gazebos for recreation are additional income for the owner of a paid pond.

You, as the owner of the pond, replant fry, feed and raise healthy fish, keep the area clean, and arrange the pond. As related services, visitors to the paid pond can be offered holiday houses, barbecues, tents, boats, catamarans. Hotel houses, as a rule, are made of frame panels - firstly, the construction of permanent structures is prohibited by federal laws and regulations that determine the way of using recreational areas, and, secondly, it is cheap and fast.