In fact, we were going to the city of Vyazma, which is located about two hundred kilometers from Moscow. Reading about the city before the trip, we were interested in the description of the 16th century monastery in the village of Boldino. On the Internet, we found a lot of reviews about this monastery and decided to go there, especially since it is located only 50 km from Vyazma along the old Smolensk road.
As always, we laid the route along country roads.
These are the beauties we passed along the way.
If we took pictures of every beautiful place, we wouldn't be back yet. 
As I said, traveling around the Moscow and Tver regions, we saw a lot of operating farms. There were even more of them in the Smolensk region. Agriculture not only exists, but also develops. On the way we met several modern complexes under construction. 
The road on the first section of the path was quite decent. There were almost no cars. 
The estate of the Galitsin-Muromtsevs in the village of Prechistoye. 
Inside, there are paintings on the walls. We discovered the estate quite by accident on the way to Vyazma. We did not have time to inspect the ruins and we limited ourselves to a couple of pictures. 
At some point, it seemed to us that we had reached a dead end. But it turned out that we just did not immediately notice the bypass road around the Vazuzsky hydroelectric complex. 
The hydraulic system includes 3 reservoirs - Vazuzskoye, Yauzskoye and Verkhne-Ruzskoye. This is the most remote reservoir in the supply system of Moscow. It began to be built in 1957 and completed in 1970. The hydroelectric complex is managed in the village of Karmanovo. There are plans to build a 10 MW hydroelectric power station on the basis of this reservoir.
It is impossible to inspect the dam closer. all approaches are fenced with barbed wire. 
It was very unexpected to meet such a monument in the village of Karmanovo. 
The village is small. It doesn't look like they built planes anywhere near here. During the war, fierce battles took place here, but we definitely did not have such aircraft at that time. We managed to find out the history of this monument only upon returning from a trip. It turned out that the monument was built by the head of the camp of prisoners who built the reservoir, in memory of his dead son, a pilot. 
In Karmanovo, there is also a memorial at the burial site of 8500 Soviet soldiers who participated in the liberation of the area. Ashes from the mass graves of other regions of the Smolensk region were also transferred here. 
In the area of the hydroelectric complex, a decent road turned into a dirt road with many holes. But we didn't know what was ahead of us. 
Due to the long bad section of the road, the journey to Vyazma took us almost 4 hours instead of the planned 2.5 hours. We decided to immediately go to the monastery, and only then return and explore the city. 
Having passed through Vyazma, we continued our journey along the Old Smolensk road. It was along this road that the convoy of the French army departed in 1812. 
After reading the information on the pole, we decided to stop by Semlinsky Lake. According to legend, it was in this lake that Napoleon flooded the convoy with valuables stolen in Moscow. The treasure hunt began in 1836. However, the treasure has not yet been found. Or found, but no one knows about it. 
Scientists explored the lake in the 1960s. A high content of zinc, copper and silver was found in the water, which suggests that, perhaps, the treasure is really located at the bottom of the lake. 
The lake is off the road. Approximately five hundred meters. The road to the lake is dirt, but good enough.
There is a path through the forest to the lake. 
The water in the lake is dark brown, which is typical for peat lakes. 
The place is very beautiful. I could not even believe that such beauty is located very close to the city and not so far from Moscow. 
Having driven a little further, we understood why the French drowned the convoy in the lake. The asphalt ended and the road began like this. All this, by the way, is the Staro-Smolensk highway. 
I would not recommend driving here by car. And after the rain, I think it will be difficult even on an SUV to drive along this road. 
In some sections, our speed was no more than 10 km / h. 
The soil in these places is sandy and therefore the wheels almost do not get stuck on a wet road. 
The emergence of the Old Smolensk road dates back to the 15th century. Perhaps it existed before, but no sources have come down to this day.
Since its inception, the Smolensk road has played an important historical role. Prince Sigismund advanced east along this road, Russian troops retreated along this road in 1812, and then the French fled from Moscow. During World War II, the Germans advanced along it and the Russian units retreated.
In the 16th - 18th centuries it was the main route from Moscow to Europe, which was used by many famous people traveling to Europe and back. Along the road there were many inns and post stations, there were wayposts.
As you can see, none of this is left now. During the entire time of our journey along the road, we met only one motorcyclist. There is practically no traffic in this place or it is minimal. 
We got to the monastery only at 6 pm. There was not a single car in the small parking lot next to the monastery. And this is not strange, given the difficult path to the monastery. 
The monastery was founded in 1530 by the Monk Gerasim of Boldin. In 1929 the monastery was closed. The buildings of the monastery housed a collective farm cheese factory, a milk separator and a granary.
During the Great Patriotic War, the monastery became the base of the partisans. In 1943, during the retreat, the Germans blew up the ancient buildings of the monastery. The restoration of the monastery began in 1964. 
The church has amazing acoustics. We arrived just in time for the start of the service. 
We have been to many monasteries, but this monastery made a very special impression on us. Very quiet, peaceful, relaxing place. Just the way a monastery should be. For all the time we met no more than 5 people on the territory of the monastery. I recommend that you definitely visit here at least once in order to feel the real monastic solitude and silence.
On the way back, we decided to take a detour through the city of Dorogobuzh. Having approached the Dnieper River, I had a suspicion that we had taken a wrong turn somewhere. But no, it turned out we were on the right track. 
And here is the chemical plant. 
After 15-20 kilometers we finally reached the M1 Minsk highway. This path is 30 kilometers longer than the path along the Staro-Smolensk road. The timing was also about the same. So if you have an SUV, you can completely go along the Old Smolensk road. By car, it is better to go along the M1 and then through Dorogobuzh.
There was no question of visiting Vyazma again. We still had to drive about 250 km to the house. We decided to postpone the trip to Vyazma. But I think that if we go to Vyazma again, we will definitely stop by the Boldin Monastery. And there it is already difficult to say whether we will have time to inspect Vyazma. In any case, to be continued...
The monastery was founded in 1530 by the Monk Gerasim of Boldin. In the 16th century, the monastery repeatedly received gifts: land from the tsar, large contributions from boyars and wealthy people; The monastery was also engaged in its own trading and fishing activities. By the end of the 16th century, the monastery owned more than 80 villages and villages in the Dorogobuzh district, about 20 monastic villages in other districts, mills, hunting and field lands, stockyards, and fishing grounds. Monastic farmsteads and trading shops existed in Dorogobuzh, Vyazma, Smolensk, Moscow. The monastery owned mills, hunting and field grounds, cattle yards, and fishing grounds.
Stone construction in the monastery began in the 1590s. Then the five-domed Trinity Cathedral was built (blown up, now almost restored), the bell tower (preserved), the refectory chamber with the Church of the Entry into the Church of the Virgin (preserved) and the walls (rebuilt). According to the hypothesis of P.D. Baranovsky, the sovereign architect Fyodor Kon took part in the construction.
From 1617 to 1654, the Dorogobuzh region was part of the Commonwealth state. The monastery was deserted; later its buildings were transferred to the Smolensk Jesuit Collegium. The monastery was revived in 1654, when the Smolensk lands again became part of the Russian kingdom. The monastery was unable to retain its former wealth: by the end of the 17th century, it owned about 20 villages.
18th - early 20th century
At the beginning of the 18th century, Saint John (Maximovich) opened a printing house in the monastery. It published liturgical books, textbooks, writings of spiritual and moral content, including the works of John himself, translations from Latin.
In 1764, according to the manifesto signed by Catherine II (1764), all the lands were taken away from the monastery. The philanthropist Prince Andrei Dolgorukov provided great assistance to the monastery.
In the 1870s and 1880s, the monastery flourished again. Hieromonk (later Archimandrite) Andrei (Vasiliev) was appointed rector. During his 24-year management of the monastery, all the existing buildings and temples of the monastery were repaired and rebuilt, new Holy Gates were built, a chapel on the site of the cell of St. Gerasim Boldinsky, wooden cells, outbuildings, a hotel for pilgrims, the abbot's house, a prosphora mill, a mill on the lake, a garden (700 roots) was planted. He, on the basis of two ancient texts, wrote and published a new "Life of St. Gerasim".
In 1919-1927, restoration work was carried out in the monastery under the direction of P.D. Baranovsky. In the former monastic buildings, a historical and art museum was organized, the exposition of which, among other exhibits, included fragments of tiled stoves of the 17th-18th centuries, a wooden sculpture collected by M.I. Pogodin. A wooden temple from the village of Usvyatye was transported to the territory of the monastery.
The abolition and revival of the monastery
In November 1929 the monastery was officially closed. A granary was located in the Trinity Cathedral, a collective farm cheese factory was located in the Vvedensky Church, and a separator for milk processing was located in the chapel.
During the Great Patriotic War, the Boldin Monastery was the base of partisan detachments; repair shops were located in the buildings of the former monastery. In March 1943, during the retreat, the Germans mined and blew up ancient buildings - the Trinity Cathedral, the Vvedensky Church and the bell tower.
In 1964, the restoration of the monastery began according to the surviving measurements and photographs under the direction of P.D. Baranovsky. They continue to this day (the leader is a student of Baranovsky A.M. Ponomarev).
In 1991, the Boldin Monastery was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church.
At present, a stone wall with four towers, a bell tower, a refectory chamber with the Vvedensky Church have been restored. Other buildings include the wooden house of the abbot, the gatehouse at the Holy Gates, a stone cell building, a stone treasury building on the basement, a wooden chapel at the monastery cemetery. The stone chapel was rebuilt into a temple in the name of St. Tikhon of Kaluga. Trinity Cathedral was consecrated by His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' in June 2010.
The monastery necropolis was restored. Among the surviving graves is the grave of the Vistitsky family, with a metal fence and two granite columns, including Stepan (Stefan) Vistitsky, the author of one of the first textbooks on tactics and his sons, Mikhail Stepanovich (major general, in 1812 M. I. Kutuzov, quartermaster general of the Russian army) and Stepan Stepanovich (major general, who at the end of 1812 led the Smolensk militia).
The monastery has farmsteads in Dorogobuzh and Safonov.
Located in a wooded area near the old Smolensk road, on the shore of an artificial lake, arranged in the floodplain of the Boldinka River. It was founded in 1530 by Gerasim, a monk of the Goritsky monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky. The first building here was the wooden Trinity Church with Sergievsky chapel, consecrated in 1530. In the 1580-90s. the main stone structures of the monastery were created. The dominant feature of the new ensemble was the Trinity Cathedral in the center of an elongated rectangular area. To the southwest of it is the refectory chamber with the Church of the Introduction. The bell tower was erected in the middle of the site, bounded from the east by the cathedral, and from the south by the refectory. In the monastery's income-expenditure books for 1592, the name of the church master Terenty is mentioned several times. The famous "sovereign master" Fyodor Kon, the builder of the Smolensk fortress, was also associated with the monastery. In 1594 and 1606 he and his stepson made large financial contributions to the monastery. As a result of the Polish-Swedish intervention, the monastery was occupied by the Jesuits from 1611 to 1655. In 1656, it again became Orthodox, but major construction work was no longer carried out in it. In the 1770s a brick fence of the monastery was built to replace the previously existing wooden one. In the beginning. 19th century the monastery was plundered by parts of the Napoleonic army, which turned its premises into a prison for Russian soldiers, and the Trinity Cathedral into a stable.
At the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. a small brick church (“chapel”) was erected on the site of the cell of St. Gerasim. At the same time, the Holy Gates of the fence were remade and small residential and outbuildings were built, including the rector’s house and a prosphora. At the beginning of the 20th century, architect P.D. Baranovsky (1892-1984) carefully studied the buildings of the monastery and, on the basis of archaeological measurements, drew up restoration projects.In the 1920s, under his leadership, the refectory chamber and the hipped church of the Introduction were structurally strengthened, the decorative elements of their facades were restored - kokoshniks at the base of the tent and cornices. A museum was set up on the territory of the monastery.It was closed - simultaneously with the local community of believers - already in 1929. During the Great Patriotic War, the headquarters of the Soviet troops and repair weapons workshops were located in the monastery. During the retreat in March 1943, the Nazi invaders blew up the main buildings of the monastery: The Trinity Cathedral, the refectory chamber with the Church of the Presentation and the bell tower is the oldest monastic ensemble in the Smolensk region, which fragmentarily preserved the original works of architecture of the 16th-17th centuries. In 1964, under the leadership of P.D. Baranovsky, restoration work began. Since 1969 they have been led by A.M. Ponomarev. After the transfer of the ensemble to the Russian Orthodox Church (1990), new buildings with an ahistorical appearance were erected here, the silhouette of the Church of the Presentation was distorted, and ruins still remain from the cathedral (data for 1997).
Refectory. A two-story building with the Church of the Introduction and the Kelar Chamber attached to the eastern side, similar to the refectory chambers of the Pafnutyevo-Borovsky Monastery and the Assumption Monastery in Staritsa. The first floor was restored in 1975; the second and northern porch - in 1997. The brick walls are covered with lime plaster. Between the floors there was a profiled belt. The first floor windows on the western wall are framed with rectangular architraves. The Vvedenskaya Church ended with a monumental brick tent over a small octagon. At the base of the tent there was a belt of kokoshniks (two per edge). The current wooden tent is as much as six meters lower than the original one and is barely visible behind the kokoshniks. It is completed by a high helmet-shaped cupola. The restorers hope that with the advent of the necessary funding, the historical appearance of the tent will be restored. Inside the premises of the first floor of the refectory were occupied by a warehouse, kitchen and other household needs. The main room on the second floor is a square one-pillar chamber. Openings in its eastern wall lead to the Church of the Introduction and the Kelar Chamber. The interiors had tiled stoves.
Fence. In the form of a brick wall, it covers the entire territory of the monastery. The lost balustrades, the completion of the walls and four corner towers were restored in 1993. The walls on the outer side were dissected by shovels into balustrades, into which shallow shaped niches were inscribed. In the northern wall of the fence are the Holy Gates, rebuilt at the beginning. 20th century in Russian style. The arched gates and wickets on the other sides of the fence (in places shifted) are much simpler.
Prosphora. A small rectangular one-story brick building near the northern wall of the monastery. In the southern and eastern walls, two window openings with arched lintels were cut. The main plane of the facades is designed as a shallow rectangular niche. On the western side there was a wooden pier, which was replaced in 1990 by a brick extension.
Abbot's House. Wooden one-story building near the eastern wall of the monastery. The rectangular frame was sheathed with boards. In the hipped roof on the western side (along the main facade) a large dormer window was arranged. The six windows of the western façade were decorated with overlaid carvings. The building burned down in 1984, and in 1993 the current building was erected on the old foundation in the same volume. During construction work 1991-97. the former house of the treasurer (to the east of the refectory chamber) was adapted for fraternal cells, and two new cell buildings appeared - in the northeastern and western parts of the monastery territory.
Code of architectural monuments and monumental art of Russia. Smolensk region. Moscow, Nauka, 2001
Boldin Holy Trinity Monastery, 3rd class, 15 versts from the city of Dorogobuzh, by the Boldinka River. Founded in 1528 by the ascetic Gerasim Boldinsky, who died on May 1, 1554 and rests here. From 1611 to 1655 the monastery was in the hands of the Jesuits; renewed in 1656. The monastery houses the miraculous Kazan Icon of the Mother of God.
From the book by S.V. Bulgakov "Russian monasteries in 1913"
The Boldinsky Monastery is the oldest of the monasteries existing and operating today in the Smolensk region. It is located about 15 kilometers east of the city of Dorogobuzh. Not far from the monastery is the old Smolensk road. The Boldin Monastery was founded by St. Gerasim in 1530. Gerasim set as his ascetic goal the creation of Orthodox monasteries on the lands that had passed from the Principality of Lithuania to the Muscovite state. Some time later, the Boldinsky Holy Trinity Monastery turned into a very influential and rich Orthodox monastery in the Smolensk region. The wealth of the Boldin Monastery grew and was replenished due to large donations from the boyars, grants from the sovereign of lands, and its own fairly active economic activity.
The monastery flourished in the late 16th - early 17th centuries. At that time, the monastery owned more than a hundred Russian villages and villages, several mills, airborne and hunting grounds, cattle yards, fishing grounds, in such cities as Dorogobuzh, Vyazma, Moscow, Smolensk it had its own monastery courtyards and trading shops. At the very end of the 16th century, large-scale stone construction was launched in the Boldin Holy Trinity Monastery. The five-domed Trinity Cathedral, the refectory chamber with the Church of the Entry into the Temple of the Virgin, and the bell tower were erected.
The Time of Troubles, which fell at the beginning of the 17th century, and the invasion of the Poles dealt a big "blow" to the Boldin Monastery. From 1617 to 1654, the Dorogobuzh lands were under the control of the Kingdom of Poland, and Catholicism was the state religion in it. The monks of the monastery mostly left it during the Time of Troubles, and then the lands and the monastery itself were transferred to the Smolensk Jesuit Collegium (an educational institution of the Catholic Church).
After 1654, when Moscow again conquered the Dorogobuzh land from the Poles, the monastery was restored, but its possessions were noticeably reduced, and by the second half of the 17th century amounted to about two dozen villages. The year 1764 was marked by the fact that Empress Catherine II took away their lands from the monasteries, which were subsequently distributed to the nobles. This caused the decline of the monasteries, a very large number of which became inactive due to poverty. At that time, the Boldinsky Monastery was able to survive thanks to the charitable contributions of the parishioners, one of the major donors was Prince Andrei Dolgorukov.
The monastery experienced its heyday in the 70-80s of the XIX century. Hieromonk was appointed rector, and then Archimandrite Andrei (Vasiliev). In his management, for 24 years, all the temples and buildings of the monastery were restored and renovated, new Holy Gates, cells, buildings for household needs, a hotel, an abbot's house, a mill on the lake, a prosphora mill were built, a huge garden was planted. A stone chapel was rebuilt on the site where once was the cell of St. Gerasim (the founder), about 50 meters from the monastery. On the basis of ancient lists, Archimandrite Andrei wrote and published "The Life of St. Gerasim".
At the beginning of the 20th century (1919-1927), under the leadership of P.D. Baranovsky in the Boldin Monastery, restoration work is underway, a historical and art museum is being created. At the same time, a wooden church from the village of Usvyatye was transported to Boldino. At the end of 1929, the Soviet government by its order closes the Boldin Monastery. In the future, the Trinity Cathedral will be used as a granary, a separator for milk processing is installed in the chapel, the refectory of the Vvedensky Church will be converted into a collective farm cheese factory.
During the Great Patriotic War, the monastery served as one of the partisan bases, and repair shops were located right there. Retreating from the Dorogobuzh lands, German troops mined and blew up all the stone buildings of the monastery. The post-war years brought the ruins of the monastery to complete desolation. Brick from the destroyed buildings was gradually used by local residents for their own needs. Only in 1964, guided by the surviving photographs and measurements, under the guidance of P.D. Baranovsky, restoration and restoration work begins again. Now they are led by a student of Pyotr Dmitrievich - A.M. Ponomarev.
Since 1991, the Boldinsky Holy Trinity Monastery has been transferred to the Orthodox Church. On the territory of the monastery, a stone wall with four towers, the Trinity Cathedral, a refectory chamber with the Presentation Church, a bell tower, a wooden abbot's house, a gatehouse at the Holy Gates, a stone cell building, a wooden chapel at the monastery cemetery, a stone treasury building on the basement were restored. During the restoration, the stone chapel was rebuilt into a temple in the name of St. Tikhon of Kaluga. The family grave of the Vistitskys was restored on the grounds of the monastery. Stepan (Stefan) Vistitsky rested here, he was the author of one of the first textbooks on tactics, his sons: Mikhail Stepanovich, major general, in 1812 was appointed M.I. Kutuzov, the quartermaster general of the entire Russian army, Stepan Stepanovich, a major general, at the end of 1812 led the Smolensk militia, liberating the Smolensk lands.
In the city of Dorogobuzh, the Boldinsky Monastery has its own courtyard, where a small wooden church has been erected, and is working on the opening of the Dmitrovsky Convent in Dorogobuzh.
Based on materials from the site http://www.dorogobug.ru/index.php/articles/193-boldinskiy-monastir
Saint Gerasim of Boldin, the founder of the monastery, settled near these places in 1528. Students began to flock to Gerasim; in 1530 he cut down the wooden Sergiev (later Trinity) church, the temple of the Virgin, and set up cells. This is how the Boldin Monastery with a strict charter arose. The monastery grew rapidly: already under Gerasim, there were 127 people in the brethren. The founder of the monastery, having managed to breathe life into 3 more cloisters, died in 1554 (66 years old) and was buried in the St. Sergius Church he created.
At the end of the XVII century. the monastery was already rich and famous, rebuilt the rarest ensemble of buildings in the province of the 16th century. The monastery even had a brick factory for its own needs. History has also preserved the names of monastery architects. The most famous of them is Fedor Kon, the builder of the city wall of Smolensk and the fortress of the White City in Moscow.
In 1611 the monastery was captured and destroyed by the Poles. Moreover, they gave the monastery to the Jesuits - it was released from “spiritual captivity” only in 1655. In 1812, having robbed the monastery, the French turned it into a prison for captured Russian soldiers.
At the end of the XIX century. the monastery slowly fell into disrepair. Forces of a small brotherhood, which in the beginning. 20th century already ruled by the abbot, it was not enough to maintain the order of the huge medieval temples. The tented Vvedenskaya Church was closed due to the danger of collapse.
The monastery had three churches. In the chapel of St. of the apostles of the Trinity Cathedral there was a cancer, where the relics of St. Gerasim. In the same aisle, the recluse Arkady, who labored in the monastery in the con. 16th century Another shrine of the monastery was the ancient Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. In the basement of the cathedral was placed the family crypt of Prince. Dolgorukov. The monastery owned the Alekseevskaya chapel, built in honor of the birth of the Heir Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich.
After the revolution, the Boldin Monastery continued to operate - 13 monks remained in it. In 1921 P.D. Baranovsky began restoration here. Unfortunately, not only Baranovsky was interested in the monastery. In 1922, the authorities confiscated the monastery's property, blasphemously opened the relics of St. Gerasim. In 1928, the restoration was stopped, and a year later all the monks and the director of the museum were repressed. "Working communes", agricultural artels moved into the monastery.
During the Great Patriotic War the monastery was destroyed. But P.D. was alive. Baranovsky. Having measured the ruins, he noticed that the ancient buildings had collapsed not brick by brick, but by large fragments - they could be “assembled” again. In 1964, restoration began. Baranovsky died in 1984, having managed to see only the refectory revived. But his work continued. In 1987, the bell tower was already raised. The architect-restorer P.D. Baranovsky - A.M. Ponomarev.
On May 14, 1990, the first church service took place in Boldino - Vespers in the church of the 19th century. on the site of the cave of St. Gerasim. And a year later, on the feast day of St. Gerasim, the monastery itself was revived. Igum was appointed as his viceroy. Anthony. Today there are 20 inhabitants in the monastery.
Preserved and revived: the refectory and the bell tower (1585-1592); fence and tower (XVIII century); treasurer's house (XIX century); hegumen's house (XIX century); prosvolan (XIX century); walls of the monastery with turrets in the corners (XVIII century). A new fraternal building was built in 1994.
Based on materials from the site http://russian-church.ru/viewpage.php?cat=smolensk&page=19
, local history
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SLIDE 2. Holy Trinity Gerasimo-Boldinsky Monastery.
Holy Trinity Gerasimo-Boldinsky Monastery is located in the Smolensk region. It is located 15 kilometers east of the city of Dorogobuzh on the shore of an artificial lake, which was built in the floodplain of the Boldinka River. Not far from the monastery is the old Smolensk road. The Boldinsky Monastery is the oldest of the existing and operating monasteries in the Smolensk region. It was founded by the Monk Gerasim in 1530.
SLIDE 3 The founder of the monastery, St. Gerasim.
The Monk Gerasim of Boldin was born in 1490 in Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. He was a novice of the Goritsky Monastery under the elder Daniel of Pereyaslavsky. Gerasim helped the elder in building temples and cells, performed feats of fasting and prayer, served the poor brethren with his craft - he was a shoemaker.
Saint Gerasim, having received the blessing of the elder for hermitage, settled near the city of Dorogobuzh in the Smolensk region, in a wild forest inhabited by snakes and animals. The saint was many times attacked by robbers, but patiently endured all insults and prayed for the offenders. To feed himself, he hung a box on a tree by the road: passers-by put pieces of bread there, but these pieces were sometimes taken away by other poor people, for which the monk only thanked God. Subsequently, the keeper of his pieces appeared to him - a raven; if an unkind person approached the box, the raven raised a cry and, flying, beat its wings on the face of an unwanted visitor, and even pecked out the eyes of predatory animals and put them to flight.
According to a special vision, he went to Boldina Gora, where a huge oak tree stood at the source. Local residents beat him with sticks and wanted to drown him, slandered him to the governor of Dorogobuzh, bribed him to drive the old man away. The governor wanted to put Gerasim in prison, like a vagabond. The Monk Gerasim patiently endured bullying, was silent and prayed. The tsar's envoy from Moscow, seeing Saint Gerasim, bowed and asked for his blessing, as he had previously seen the saint together with the Monk Daniel at the tsar's. The viceroy was frightened, asked for forgiveness from the elder, promised to protect him from attacks, donated to him for the construction of the monastery. From that time on, Saint Gerasim began to receive those wishing for monastic asceticism, and the brethren gathered to him.
In addition to the Boldin Monastery, the Monk Gerasim founded in the city of Vyazma a monastery in the name of John the Baptist, not far from Dorogobuzh he restored a small monastery that had existed since the end of the 15th century, in the volost village of Svirkovy Luki on the left bank of the Dnieper River. He built a temple in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (according to other sources, the Vvedensky and Nikolsky churches). In 1547, in the Bryansk forests, the monk founded the Trinity-Vvedensky Monastery
SLIDE 4 The relics of St. Gerasim of Boldin.
The relics of St. Gerasim are under a bushel in the Trinity Cathedral in Boldino. A prayer service is served daily with the reading of a special prayer to St. Gerasim. In the 20s of the XX century, the relics were lost, the monastery was partially destroyed. During the Great Patriotic War, all the monastery buildings were blown up, only the wooden church of St. Gerasim survived. In 1991, Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, now His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus', consecrated and blessed the restoration of the monastery. The relics of St. Gerasim were found on July 17 (N.S.) 2001 in the Theological side-altar of the destroyed Holy Trinity Cathedral at the beginning of the restoration of the temple. Now the relics of the monk are in the newly built Holy Trinity Cathedral.
SLIDE 5-7 Northern entrance to the monastery, fence, Holy gates.
Western gate.
Southwest tower.
Fence - brick walls that cover the entire territory of the monastery. It was restored in 1993. In the northern wall of the fence are the Holy Gates, rebuilt at the beginning of the 20th century. Arched gates and gates on the other sides of the fence look much simpler.
SLIDE 8-10 Holy Trinity Cathedral.
The wooden cathedral church in honor of the Holy Trinity with a chapel in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh was built in the 1530s next to the first buildings of the monastery. The stone cathedral in honor of the Holy Trinity with chapels in the name of the Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian and the noble princes Boris and Gleb was built in 1585-1591, according to legend, at the expense of monk Nicholas, from the noble family of the Arsenievs. The church foreman Terenty, who supervised the construction work, was mentioned in the monastery's income and expense books. The cathedral was painted with frescoes in the Byzantine tradition on scenes from the gospel parables by Moscow, sovereign icon painters - Postnik Dermin and Stefan Mikhailov. The ancient, revered image of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was kept in the cathedral. The temple was blown up in 1943. In 1991-2000 the ruins of the temple were excavated.
SLIDE 11-13 Belfry of the Holy Trinity Gerasimo-Boldinsky Monastery.
Between the cathedral and the refectory at the end of the 16th century, a high three-tiered bell tower was erected, which, according to the inventory of 1744, had a “chiming clock”. In 1587, master Ivan Afanasiev cast a bell for the monastery in Moscow. In 1871, seven bells hung on the upper tier of the bell tower - from a large one of 50 pounds (819 kg.), Cast in 1861, to a small one of 25 pounds (10.2 kg.). In the middle tier there was a sacristy, in which valuable utensils were kept. The bell tower was blown up in 1943, restored from ruins in the 1980s with the participation of student construction teams of the Smolensk Pedagogical Institute and the Dorogobuzh site of the restoration of the SSNRPM. Since the autumn of 1990, the bell tower has been used for its intended purpose.
SLIDE 14-17 Church of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos.
The wooden refectory church in honor of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos was built in the 1530s. The stone two-storey refectory of the Vvedensky temple with the Kelar chamber was built in the 1590s. In 1843, under the rector Abbot Nikodim, on the second floor of the refectory, next to the Vvedensky Church, a chapel was built in honor of St. Mitrofan of Voronezh. The temple was blown up in 1943. The first floor was restored in the 1960s. Restoration work was carried out in 1995-1997. Part of the roofing work was carried out by the team of A. E. Kopeychikov. Resurrected from the ruins, the Vvedensky Church was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill on December 4, 1997. Metropolitan Kirill celebrated the Divine Liturgy on the day of remembrance of St. Gerasim in the church in 1998. The iconostasis and painting of the Vvedensky Church and the refectory on the second floor were made by Belarusian craftsmen, under the guidance of S. Petrov.
SLIDE 18-19 Church of Tikhon of Zadonsk.
On the site of the first cell of St. Gerasim, near an ancient oak, in the 1890s, the brethren of the monastery erected a small stone church in honor of St. Tikhon of Kaluga. In 1990, it was restored, and since October, regular services have been resumed in the monastery. Roofing work and gilding of the iconostasis were carried out by the team of A. E. Kopeychikov. Metropolitan Kirill consecrated the church in honor of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk in May 1991. Before the restoration of the Vvedensky Church, all divine services were held in it.
WITH LIDE 20 Chapel, the burial place of respected monks.
SLIDE 21 Oak planted by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Kirill.
SLIDE 22 Monastery wells.
SLIDE 23-24 Monastery garden
SLIDE 25 Compound in Dorogobuzh: Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God
SLIDE 26 Compound in Safonovo (Smolensk region): Compound in Safonovo: Church of St. Prince Vladimir Equal to the Apostles
The parish in the city of Safonovo was founded in December 1988. The stone church in honor of Equal-to-the-Apostles Grand Duke Vladimir of Kyiv was built in 1989-1991 at the expense of the city administration and parishioners. The temple is arranged for 1500 people, with a three-tiered 27-meter bell tower. There are five bells on the bell tower, the larger one weighing 500 kilograms. Special assistance in the construction of the temple was provided by the chairman of the Safonovsky city executive committee PS Osipov. Most of the household work was carried out by the headman of the parish, N.K. Zolotukhina. Roofing work, installation of domes and crosses was carried out by the repair and construction team of A.E. Kopeychikov. The temple was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill in December 1991. Hegumen Anthony (Mezentsev) was awarded with a mace for his labors. By the decree of Metropolitan Kirill of July 11, 1994, the Vladimir parish was transformed into a courtyard of the Gerasimo-Boldinsky Monastery. The iconostasis of the temple was made by the Safonov carvers, following the model of the iconostasis of the Intercession Church in the village of Dubrovo, Temkinsky district. The iconostasis was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill at the Divine Liturgy on October 29, 1994. In 1997, the altar of the temple was painted.
SLIDE 27 Thank you for your attention!
The Boldin Monastery is nearly 500 years old. Its founder is the Monk Gerasim. On May 9, 1530, he consecrated here the first wooden Trinity Church with a chapel of Sergius of Radonezh.
Gerasim arranged a monastery near a small stream, among centuries-old oaks, from the ancient name of which “bolda” comes from the name of the area. The monastery of Gerasim became quickly known. Very soon the number of brethren reached 127 people.
Saint Gerasim died in 1554. Having lived for 66 years, he was buried in the aisle of St. Sergius of the Radonezh Trinity Cathedral in Boldino. For his charitable deeds in the frontier Russian lands, Gerasim was named the Wonderworker of Boldin and canonized as a saint.
Soon the monastery became the center of the spiritual life of the region. Large monetary donations and constant royal care allowed the Boldino monks to start stone construction. By the end of the 16th century, the five-domed Trinity Cathedral with two symmetrical aisles - John the Theologian and Boris and Gleb, a refectory chamber with a hipped church of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos and a hexagonal pillar-shaped three-tiered bell tower rose here. Each building was a masterpiece of the golden age of Russian architecture.
The undeniable artistic merits of the Boldino structures spoke of the participation of the best royal masters in their creation. Sovereign master Fyodor Kon, church master Terenty, sovereign icon painters Postnik Dermin and Stepan Mikhailov created here, the bell for the belfry was cast in 1587 in Moscow by the litter Ivan Afanasiev.
The monks of the Boldin Monastery were also famous for their scholarship. It is probably no coincidence that the abbot of the monastery, Joseph, appointed by Gerasim in 1554, was nicknamed the painter. And the next Boldino hegumen Anthony, who later became the bishop of Vologda, before his departure wrote the life of St. Gerasim.
Unfortunately, at the beginning of the 17th century, the peaceful course of life in the Smolensk region was disrupted. Captured by foreigners in 1611, the Boldin Monastery became a haven for the Jesuits.
After the expulsion of the Polish-Lithuanian invaders, the Orthodox monastery in Boldino was renewed in 1654, but has not yet reached its former glory, despite the attention of both Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and his son Peter I.
The Boldin Monastery was also desecrated during the period of the Napoleonic invasion, when the French turned Orthodox churches into stables.
However, the smoke of the conflagrations dissipated, the monastery walls were whitened, and again the blagovest summoned the Orthodox to the church. Many people flocked to Boldino for fairs that took place on patronal holidays - on Trinity Day in summer and on the Entry into the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos in winter.
At the end of the 19th century, the active and enlightened abbot of the monastery, Archimandrite Andrei, built new wooden cells and a hotel for pilgrims. Through his labors, the life of St. Gerasim was restored and published in 1893.
Years passed. Many of the ancient buildings of the monastery were distorted and lost their original splendor. In 1912, a young restorer Pyotr Baranovsky proposed a unique method of restoring an architectural monument. But the restoration could only begin in 1921.
Simultaneously with the restoration work, a museum was created on the territory of the monastery under the leadership of Baranovsky. Scientific restoration and museum work was organically woven into the natural monastic life.
The year 1922 has come. In May of this year, local authorities confiscated church property, and the relics of St. Gerasim were defiled. The museum construction begun by Baranovsky was gradually curtailed. In 1928, all restoration work in Boldin was stopped, and a year later the director of the museum and the remaining monks were repressed.
A terrible fate awaited the monastery during the Great Patriotic War. Boldino was one of the first settlements liberated by partisans in the still occupied territory as early as the beginning of 1942. The Germans responded with punitive operations. In retaliation against the partisans, the Nazis blew up in March 1943 the Trinity Cathedral, the bell tower, the refectory with the Vvedenskaya Church.
Only in 1964, Peter Dmitrievich Baranovsky managed to start construction work. Since the 70s, the restoration of the architectural appearance of the monastery has been carried out under the guidance of a student and closest assistant of the Baranovsky architect A. M. Ponomarev.
The first restored building of the monastery was the monastery bell tower, blown up during the war. Thanks to the rare strength of the brickwork, it did not turn into a pile of rubble, but fell apart into huge shapeless pieces, the weight of the largest fragments was 20-40 tons. This made it possible to restore the bell tower by the method of anastilosis, that is, by returning the preserved, scattered fragments to their places.
On December 4, 1997, on the feast of the Presentation of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Church, Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad consecrated the restored Vvedensky refectory church. The temple was completely destroyed, and now, as a symbol of the victory of good over evil, of creative forces over destructive ones, it towers over the boundless Russian expanses.
Throughout Russian history, monasteries have been centers of the spiritual, cultural, and national life of the Russian people. Therefore, today the revival of Russia is impossible without the revival of its holy monasteries. In May 1991, the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church decided to renew the Holy Trinity Boldin Monastery and appoint Abbot Anthony (Mezentsev) as its rector. On December 4, 1997, on the feast of the Entry into the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos, hegumen Anthony was elevated to the rank of archimandrite.
Today there are 21 novices in the monastery. Through their labors, monastery buildings are restored and built, an apple orchard is planted, for which the monastery has always been famous, but most importantly, spiritual life is being created within the walls of the monastery, spiritual treasures are being collected bit by bit.
On May 14, 1998, on the day of the memory of St. Gerasim of Boldin, a general diocesan feast was held for the first time in the Holy Trinity Boldin Monastery, which it was decided to celebrate annually. Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, co-served by the clergy of the diocese, with a large gathering of pilgrims, celebrated the Divine Liturgy.
Holy Trinity Cathedral
The wooden cathedral church in honor of the Holy Trinity with a chapel in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh was built in the 1530s next to the first buildings of the monastery. The stone cathedral in honor of the Holy Trinity with chapels in the name of the Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian and the noble princes Boris and Gleb was built in 1585-1591, according to legend, at the expense of monk Nicholas, from the noble family of the Arsenievs.
The church foreman Terenty, who supervised the construction work, was mentioned in the monastery's income and expense books. The cathedral was painted with frescoes in the Byzantine tradition on scenes from the gospel parables by Moscow, sovereign icon painters - Postnik Dermin and Stefan Mikhailov.
The ancient, revered image of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was kept in the cathedral. The temple was blown up in 1943. In 1991-2000 the ruins of the temple were excavated.
Church of the Introduction
The wooden refectory church in honor of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos was built in the 1530s. The stone two-storey refectory of the Vvedensky temple with the Kelar chamber was built in the 1590s. In 1843, under the rector Abbot Nikodim, on the second floor of the refectory, next to the Vvedensky Church, a chapel was built in honor of St. Mitrofan of Voronezh.
The temple was blown up in 1943. The first floor was restored in the 1960s. Restoration work was carried out in 1995-1997. Part of the roofing work was carried out by the team of A. E. Kopeychikov. Resurrected from the ruins, the Vvedensky Church was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill on December 4, 1997. Metropolitan Kirill celebrated the Divine Liturgy on the day of remembrance of St. Gerasim in the church in 1998.
The iconostasis and painting of the Vvedensky Church and the refectory on the second floor were made by Belarusian craftsmen, under the guidance of S. Petrov.
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Church of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk
On the site of the first cell of St. Gerasim, near an ancient oak, in the 1890s, the brethren of the monastery erected a small stone church in honor of St. Tikhon of Kaluga. In 1990, it was restored, and since October, regular services have been resumed in the monastery. Roofing work and gilding of the iconostasis were carried out by the team of A. E. Kopeychikov. Metropolitan Kirill consecrated the church in honor of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk in May 1991. Before the restoration of the Vvedensky Church, all divine services were held in it.
Bell tower
Between the cathedral and the refectory at the end of the 16th century, a high three-tiered bell tower was erected, which, according to the inventory of 1744, had a “chiming clock”. In 1587, master Ivan Afanasiev cast a bell for the monastery in Moscow. In 1871, seven bells hung on the upper tier of the bell tower - from a large one of 50 pounds (819 kg), cast in 1861, to a small one of 25 pounds (10.2 kg).
In the middle tier there was a sacristy, in which valuable utensils were kept. The bell tower was blown up in 1943, restored from ruins in the 1980s with the participation of student construction teams of the Smolensk Pedagogical Institute and the Dorogobuzh site of the SSNRPM restoration. Since the autumn of 1990, the bell tower has been used for its intended purpose.
Church of St. equal to ap. Prince Vladimir
Monastery courtyard. Address: 215700, Smolensk region, Safonovo, Oktyabrsky lane, 4.
The parish in the city of Safonovo was founded in December 1988. The stone church in honor of Equal-to-the-Apostles Grand Duke Vladimir of Kyiv was built in 1989-1991 at the expense of the city administration and parishioners. The temple is arranged for 1500 people, with a three-tiered 27-meter bell tower. There are five bells on the bell tower, the larger one weighing 500 kilograms.
Special assistance in the construction of the temple was provided by the chairman of the Safonovsky city executive committee PS Osipov (+1993). Most of the household work was carried out by the headman of the parish, N.K. Zolotukhina. Roofing work, installation of domes and crosses was carried out by the repair and construction team of A.E. Kopeychikov.
The temple was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill in December 1991. Hegumen Anthony (Mezentsev) was awarded with a mace for his labors. By the decree of Metropolitan Kirill of July 11, 1994, the Vladimir parish was transformed into a courtyard of the Gerasimo-Boldinsky Monastery. The iconostasis of the temple was made by the Safonov carvers, following the model of the iconostasis of the Intercession Church in the village of Dubrovo, Temkinsky district. The iconostasis was consecrated by Metropolitan Kirill at the Divine Liturgy on October 29, 1994. In 1997, the altar of the temple was painted.
