On November 4, 2013, a group of local history guides from the Society for the Study of the Amur Region visited the Basargina Peninsula. The new bypass road runs along the coast of the Ussuri Bay, from which this peninsula is clearly visible, which is still closed to the public. In 1925, P. Rimsky-Korsakov in the book “An ice-free port on Far East. Notes on hydrography" (volume XLIX), published in Leningrad, wrote: "... the main fairway to Vladivostok runs between Skrypleva Island and Cape Basargin; All ships sail through this passage; the southern one is used very rarely, despite its complete safety; therefore, ships stick to the same northern passage in winter too.”
Basarginsky lighthouse
At the southeastern tip of the Basargina Peninsula, on a rock, there is a lighthouse. The wave breaks on the rocks; in bad weather, under the rock on which we stand, the water seems to boil. From the east the peninsula is washed by Sobol Bay, from the west by Patroclus. This place has always been considered dangerous for navigation, but only in 1937 was a wooden lighthouse installed on a rocky island connected to the Basargin Peninsula by a narrow isthmus. Before reconstruction in 1957 and replacement with an octagonal stone tower, it was called the luminous acetylene fire navigation sign.
Our guide is Andrey KROPIN - a former military man, mechanic, currently an employee of the lighthouse service, responsible for the operation of the diesel generator. He comes from the city for his shift. The head of the lighthouse lives here on the peninsula. Against the backdrop of today’s calm sea, the red and white tower stands out amazingly beautifully. Andrey says that the last time its equipment was changed was in 2010, and since then “Basarginsky” has also been operating in radio beacon mode. The duty of the watchman is to monitor the serviceability of the equipment, and in the evening, according to the illumination table (today it will turn on at 19:00) light a green light. Range: 10 miles. The lighthouse is in charge of the Hydrographic Service of the Pacific Fleet, therefore, before we passed the barrier, P. F. BROVKO, the chairman of the Primorsky branch of the Russian Geographical Society - OIAC, turned to the highest authorities for permission. From a hillock warmed by the November sun, the lighthouse is visible below us, despite its 8-meter height and the 38-meter rock on which it stands. We admire the view with almost highest point peninsula. The directions say that with the passage of the Basargin-Skrypleva line, “the departing vessel begins counting the miles traveled.” You can approach the lighthouse via a suspended staircase spanning a narrow isthmus. Until 1983, the structure was approached by land. But that year, when a tsunami wave reached the shores of Primorye, the spit was flooded, so we had to use a ladder. For more than 20 years, the Basarginsky lighthouse was actually an island lighthouse. Old-timers say that over the past few years the sea has been retreating, once again drying up the narrow strip of land that connected the rocky island with the Basargina Peninsula. Having completely satisfied our curiosity, Andrei and I walk along the well-worn dirt road to another attraction - to the “Five Fingers” and “Monomakh’s Hat” kekurs. Up close, the stone sculptures carved from the rock seem fantastic. Since our local history half-platoon consisted mainly of women, new names for kekurs were given on the theme of childhood and motherhood. A group of stone “comrades”, previously compared to monks, received quite mundane names: “Single Mother”, “Mother of Many Children”, etc. Layered, composed of sedimentary rocks formed 180 million years ago, the sculptures were eroded by sea water, froze in later geological periods and were corroded by fogs. The top of the “Monomakh's Cap” is covered with bird droppings like glaze: seagulls and cormorants live here. "Bird market" in miniature. A sealed seal dives off the shore, the sea grass is visible as a bright, delicate green on the bottom. Peaceful landscape, but the whole history of the coast of the Ussuri Bay is the history of defense, protection of the approaches to naval base Vladivostok. About 50 years before hostilities, fortifiers begin to think about where the enemy might attack. In turn, the enemy tries to unravel the defense system of a potential enemy. This is how Russia acted on the Far Eastern shores, surrounded by new “friendly” neighbors: “If you want peace, prepare for war.”
Military history of Basargin
Basargin Peninsula thanks geographical location- “extension” to the Ussuri Gulf - fully met the strategic objectives. The view from here is not just beautiful, it opens up an overview of enemy ships. Therefore, already in 1895 they wanted to build a battery on the peninsula. It was erected a little later and called “Basargin No. XIV”. The Japanese closely watched the Russian activity. Right under the noses of the military, “a Japanese citizen, a certain Kvacka, set up a quarry on Cape Basargina, who calmly walked into the city with the workers right through the location of the 4th battalion of the fortress infantry regiment.” Along the way, the Japanese made ledges-stairs in the rocks at the location of the batteries on the sea side, “forming a convenient climb from the water’s edge directly to the guns.” Near the peninsula, on February 22, 1904, at 11 a.m., Vladivostok was shelled from the guns of armored ships of the Japanese squadron of Rear Admiral Kamimura. “They hit the city from 8 kilometers from the Basargin Peninsula, which became perhaps the best target.” The military concluded that the batteries were not ready to repel the enemy, and soon “the batteries in Sobol Bay and on the Basargina Peninsula were hastily completed... They were armed with 11 and 10-inch guns of the 1895 model - the most powerful of all the artillery systems then in service sea fortresses of Russia...". By 1907, the long-term 10-inch Basarginsk battery was part of the second section, commanded by Captain A. M. NOVITSKY. In 1910, “The Vladivostok Fortress Administrative Committee decided to appoint 12 such guns for open installation…. Four - at the battery on the Basargina Peninsula." We were talking about 305 mm guns. Among the 50 coastal batteries, Basarginskaya by 1914 occupied its place in the defense of the fortress. After graduation civil war and the abolition of the fortress, military facilities were adapted to modern defense needs. By 1932, on Cape Basargina, at the old fortress artillery position, on a concrete massif, they began to equip battery No. 923. By 1941, two concrete ORPKs were built on the Basargina Peninsula for shelling the eastern entrance to the strait.
To this day, the old battery, overgrown with small bushes and grass, exists and awaits discovery. The gun courtyards, as we expected, are empty; not far away there are old brick barracks, which briefly housed the first scientific and fishing station in the 20s of the last century.
Fisheries Science Research Center
In the 20s of the last century, the peninsula attracted the attention of not only the military. A scientific and fishing station was located on Basargin. The first such institution, created in 1900, was opened in the city at the museum of the Society for the Study of the Amur Region, but after existing for only a year, it closed. And only in 1925, when the prominent scientist Konstantin Mikhailovich DERYUGIN arrived in Vladivostok, experts returned to the idea of recreating a scientific station, whose employees would assess the reserves of Far Eastern reservoirs. It was decided to locate the Pacific Fisheries Research Station (TONS) under the Far Eastern Fisheries Department (Dalryba) on the Basargina Peninsula. In November 1925, station laboratories opened in the former battery barracks. “The location was chosen very well: picturesque surroundings, proximity to an ice-free sea, water suitable for feeding aquariums - all this perfectly corresponded to the essence of the institution being created,” recalled TONS employees. They launched a water pumping station to power the aquarium, and equipped the first laboratory building in an old good barracks. The station had a residential building for employees, an expedition boat and the first scientific library. K. M. Deryugin wrote: “The Pacific Research and Fisheries Station is destined to become in the Far East a central research institute not only of an all-Union, but also an international scale.” Business managers were very interested in the biology and forecasts of the squid, which until 1943 was the main target of fishing and entered the Peter the Great Bay. The biology of Pacific herring was studied at the station. Strange as it may seem, a shark “infesting” the waters of the bay came to the attention of specialists. There were no attacks on people, but they seriously wanted to make canned food, consumer goods from it, and use the skin for technical purposes. TONS expanded into an institute and in 1929 was reorganized into the Pacific Institute of Fisheries (TIRF); since 1934, TIRF was transformed into the Pacific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (TINRO) with branches and numerous observation posts along the coast, even algological station on Petrov Island.
In the late 20s - 30s TINRO moved to the street. Leninskaya. The peninsula again became a stronghold at the entrance to the Eastern Bosphorus Strait.
Literature
1. People. The science. Ocean. Far Eastern book publishing house. Vladivostok, 1975 (With photographs).
2. P. Rimsky-Korsakov. An ice-free port in the Far East. Notes on hydrography, published by the Hydrographic Administration of the USSR. Volume XLIX. Leningrad. 1925.
3. N. B. Ayushin, V. I. Kalinin, S. A. Vorobyov, N. V. Gavrilkin. Vladivostok fortress. Publishing house "Island". Saint Petersburg. 2001.
A lighthouse is an obligatory attribute of any seaside city. There are 14 navigation signs on the territory of Vladivostok. Seven of them are lighthouses, the rest are luminous signs and targets. The Basarginsky lighthouse is one of the most recognizable symbols of the city. Unlike everyone’s favorite lighthouse on Tokarevskaya Koshka, it is located on the territory of a military unit, so it is difficult to access for vacationers. You can admire it not only from the sea, but also on postcards, magnets, stamps and even in movies - the lighthouse has more than once become the scene of action in various films, reports the correspondent. RIA PrimaMedia.
The Basargin lighthouse is an important navigational landmark for approaching from the sea. Together with it it forms the gateway to the port of Vladivostok.
The lighthouse was built in 1937. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The first tower of the lighthouse on Cape Basargina was wooden, so it was not considered a lighthouse, but a luminous navigation sign. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
In 1958, the wooden navigation sign was replaced with a stone tower. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
In 2012, the lighthouse was reconstructed. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The Basarginsky lighthouse was built in 1937 and was a small wooden tower, which was replaced by a stone structure in 1958. The height of the lighthouse is 8 meters. The tower is painted white and red. The range of the Basargin lighthouse is 10 miles. For almost eight decades now, this symbol of faith and hope has been greeting and seeing off sailors. The green light of the lighthouse did not go out for a minute during the entire operation.
Head of the lighthouse on the Basargina Peninsula Alexey Stepkov has been working here for over 10 years. Lives in one of the most beautiful places in the region with his family. He says he doesn’t know why he came to work here – “it was just something that pulled me.” Immediately after retirement I learned about such a vacancy - the decision was made immediately.
Since the lighthouse is a landmark for everyone who is at sea, the keeper’s task is to simultaneously turn the device on and off, as well as monitor order on the territory of the facility.
The synchronicity of switching on all beacons is ensured by governing documents: a lighting table that regulates the time of switching on and off, said Alexey Stepkov.
In addition to him, three more people monitor the continuous operation of the lighthouse. Everyone works in shifts. According to them, the equipment itself is good - the latest developments from St. Petersburg. Everything works smoothly, so there are practically no problems. Despite the development of high technologies and the emergence of a number of navigation systems, the head of the lighthouse believes that this structure is still more reliable.
Navigation systems are equipment that can easily fail. You cannot be completely sure of the degree of its reliability. In addition, we have a very developed small fleet, which does not always have the necessary equipment. This is where lighthouses come to the rescue,” said Alexey Stepkov.
In case of thick fog, there is also a signal installation on the territory of the lighthouse - a nautofon, thanks to which ships can easily navigate by the sound signal.
In the old days, the role of a nautophone was played by a large bell, on the edge of which were engraved images of representatives of the entire Romanov dynasty.
The height of the lighthouse tower is 8 meters, own photo from the scene. Photo by: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The lighthouse entered the history of the city and the region not only as an assistant to seafarers, but also as the hero of a number of films. IN different time Scenes were filmed here for the film “22 Minutes” by Vasily Serikov, the series “When the Fern Blooms,” as well as a number of documentaries.
In addition, the Basarga lighthouse is depicted on stamps, calendars, postcards and magnets. By the way, for the first time, seaside lighthouses appeared on stamps in 1984; the Tokarevsky and Basargina lighthouses were the first to be depicted on these stamps.
Leads to the lighthouse suspension bridge. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The height of the lighthouse tower is 8 meters. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
Suspension bridge leading to the lighthouse. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The range of the beacon is 20 miles. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
Lighthouse on Cape Basargina. Photo: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
The Basarga lighthouse on the cliff is of considerable interest to artists. Honored Artist of Russia Sergey Cherkasov I always had a soft spot for these “luminaries.” He began writing lighthouses more than 30 years ago. He says that he visited all the most important buildings for the region.
Lighthouses are my old love! They are definitely architectural monuments. When I first saw them, what shocked me most was how close to the cliffs they were located. Indeed, in many places you feel as if you are standing at the end of the world. It is also amazing that many buildings are so well made that even time could not leave its mark on them,” said Sergei Cherkasov.
Observation deck near the lighthouse, Photo from the scene of the event. Photo by: Anton Balashov, RIA PrimaMedia
Among all similar architectural objects, the Basargin lighthouse has a special meaning for the artist.
I have a very strong connection with this lighthouse. ancient history. When I was 19 years old, I graduated from art school and, as it happened, immediately ended up at the Far Eastern Film Studio. I worked there for four months before joining the army. I remember how unexpectedly the studio management asked me to make a screensaver for Primorsky Television. And the screensaver depicted the Basargin lighthouse. For about eight years this screensaver “opened” our TV channel. Having served in the army, I was filled with pride that I took part in this project,” shared Sergei Cherkasov.
Most recently, the artist finished painting two paintings from this famous lighthouse. Now he is working on a small series of lighthouses, which can be seen at one of his exhibitions. While we were talking, a canvas with the lighthouses of Gamow and Nazimov was drying in his studio. As the artist said, on his canvases he, first of all, depicts his mood, in the case of lighthouses - the feeling of joy from meeting these wonderful structures.
Photographs, souvenirs, movies and paintings - this series can be safely supplemented with literature.
For example, the importance of seaside lighthouses, their beauty, as well as the high professionalism and love for their work of lighthouse keepers was depicted on the pages of his book by a seaside poet, writer and journalist Nikolay Litkovets. Having visited the main lighthouses of the region, talking with their inhabitants, he wrote a book containing many beautiful photographs and interesting information about these amazing and romantic places.
Vladivostok, as befits a seaside city, is famous for its lighthouses, each of which has its own name and unique history. One of the most famous and beautiful among them is the Basarginsky lighthouse, standing at the main sea gate cities.
For 75 years now, the Basarginsky lighthouse has not only served as a significant navigational landmark for ships sailing through the Eastern Bosphorus Strait to the Golden Horn Bay, but is also one of the most recognizable symbols of Vladivostok. When entering the port of Vladivostok, ships are guided by two lighthouses - Basargin and Skrypleva. They must lie on the same line - sailors call this “heading home”...
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Under the cut there are a lot of photographs of this unique and hard-to-reach place.
01/13/2012. Our company, as always, is purely photographic - I, alexhitrov
and Max Kalennik. You may know the latter as the author of the most interesting reports on PTR, about Primorye lighthouses and more.
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Five lighthouses were built in Vladivostok: Basargin, Skrypleva, Tokarevsky, Rosset and Shkotovsky lighthouse site.
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The lighthouse was named at the end of the 19th century. along Cape Basargin, which ends the peninsula (named after Lieutenant V.G. Basargin). Surveyed in 1888. On the isthmus connecting the peninsula with the mainland, in the middle of the 20th century. Remains of ancient sites were discovered.
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View of the Russian Bridge from the Basargina Peninsula
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The Basargin lighthouse was established in 1937. His first tower was wooden, of a very primitive design. The fire was acetylene. Therefore, it was not considered a lighthouse, but a luminous navigation sign.
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In 1958, instead of a wooden sign, a stone prismatic octagonal tower with a height of 8 meters from the base and a fire height of 28 meters from sea level was built. The tower is painted with white and red horizontal stripes. Right there, on the shore, near the rocky isthmus, a technical building was built, in which a sound alarm system was installed - a nautofon and a backup diesel generator.
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The nautofon emitters are placed closer to the danger on the rock and installed directly on the tower. (The audiophone installation and emitters made in the GDR were dismantled in 2001 as they had expired).
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The range of the Basargin lighthouse is 10 miles. Green fire, eclipsing, 7.5 sec, light - 3.5 sec; darkness - 4 sec.
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Gun semi-caponier No. 08
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For half a century, the Basargin lighthouse has reliably ensured the safety of navigation in a very important area of very intense ship traffic on the approach to Vladivostok, the country’s largest port in the Far East.
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Plague - the formidable lighthouse guard
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Dog Mishka
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alexhitrov
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Goal achieved!
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And again in the frame alexhitrov
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For the seventh year now, Alexey Stepkov has been faithfully serving the lighthouse. His team is not large, but close-knit: only three people, all former military men. Therefore, in areas where you cannot enter without special permission, there is complete isolation. Only responsible work, fabulous nature and a friendly family. The brigade rarely climbs to the very top. Only in the spring, when the tower requires cosmetic repairs or in case of breakdowns. But this doesn't happen often here. The green light burns flawlessly.
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The new century and modern requirements for the accuracy of ship navigation brought navigation equipment to the lighthouse. At Cape Basargina, near the technical building, antennas for the GLONASS satellite navigation system are installed. It increased the accuracy and safety of ship navigation. But the lighthouse remains a reliable companion and in any weather, at any time of the year, it continues to meet and see off ships.
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Trying out time-lapse
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Getting to the lighthouse on Cape Basargina is not so easy: access to it is limited, the territory is guarded. The easiest way to get to the cape is to get here yourself by sea.
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Cape Basargina
Cape Basargin - friendly and a nice place Strength. It is located away from the city of Vladivostok in Patroclus Bay, and there are not very many townspeople here. Most people come here on weekends to enjoy the surrounding landscape, take a break from the bustle of the city, recharge with healing energy and, if possible, swim in the sea.
The water here is relatively clean, the birds are fat and timid. Time passes more slowly. The cape has its own microclimate, which can be quite different from other energy zones. This difference can be clearly monitored by the weather, for example, it may be sunny on the cape, but the entire city may be in fog.
On the shore of Cape Basargin, literally at the water's edge, there is old Jurchen stonework. Although the masonry is quite large and well preserved, it is practically invisible, and no one pays attention to it. I myself discovered this clutch only on my third visit to this cape. Probably, the masonry was a military redoubt, and one of its tasks was invisibility for a possible enemy, so it is not easy to see even now, since it has retained a clear energy program. During the Russo-Japanese War, this masonry was used for its intended purpose and was reinforced with cement for reliability.
It is almost impossible to get to the more ancient megaliths on the cape, since its main space is occupied by a secret military unit behind a high fence. Entrance there is carried out only with passes or as part of a scientific group. Actually, there is no particular need to approach the megaliths; the entire energy background that they emit is the general energy background of the entire cape, and it can be clearly felt from everywhere.
You can admire the megaliths from the neighboring bay. From its shore, stone pillars in several rows, which were a lighthouse in ancient times, are clearly visible.
Mentally tuning into this beacon, I read the spell:
Mother Earth, my dear. I conjure you and ask you to help me gain victory over myself. It's hard for me to accept myself for who I really am.
Make peace with your heart! I am ready to serve you in order to gain wisdom. Call me to touch my knowledge and balance. I will be one with you.
This is my desire.
Khantaa ular.
I then entered into meditation with the aim of obtaining information about this Place. On my mental screen I saw an ancient port, many people selling various goods. All the people were of European type, well dressed and tall. In one of the ships, which somewhat resembled a modern submarine, a group of people, using a mechanism resembling an excavator and a crane at the same time, loaded either a stone or an iron stele. As I read later, according to some archaeologists and historians, the stone steles of India and Egypt were made in the Far East, sometimes processed in high-temperature ovens and then the finished ones were transported to their intended destination, where appropriate inscriptions were applied to them and installed as objects of worship.
Mantras for activating the Place of Power:
32, 23, 11, mi, re, 69, 17, 7;
mi, mi, 73, mi, 83, salt, 5;
41, salt, 17, 19, 5, re, re, salt;
Basargin Cape
As befits a seaside city, it is famous for its lighthouses, each of which has its own name and unique history. One of the most famous and beautiful among them is the Basarginsky lighthouse, standing at the main sea gate of the city. For 75 years now, it has not only served as a significant navigational landmark for ships sailing through the Eastern Bosphorus Strait, but is also one of the most recognizable symbols of Vladivostok.
The lighthouse is located on Cape Basargina, which is located on the southeastern tip of the peninsula of the same name, separating Patroclus Bay from Ussuri Bay. The cape is a high rock covered with grass, connected to the shore by a low rocky isthmus, on the shore of which there are picturesque boulders. It is quite rocky and steep, and is also bordered by surface and underwater rocks. Difficult navigation conditions in the area of Cape Basargina make it quite dangerous for navigation.
That is why in 1937 they decided to install a lighthouse here that would indicate a safe route for ships heading to the port of Vladivostok. They named it - just like the peninsula and the cape - in honor of Vladimir Basargin, the famous vice admiral, circumnavigator and explorer of Peter the Great Gulf. The first lighthouse tower was wooden and had a rather primitive design. The light used at that time was acetylene, and therefore it was at first called not a lighthouse, but a luminous navigation sign.
After 20 years, the wooden sign was replaced by a stone octagonal tower 8 meters high, which - like the vast majority of lighthouses - was painted with horizontal red and white stripes. A little later, not far from the rocky isthmus, a technical building was built for a sound signaling installation - a nautofon. Currently, the Basarginsky lighthouse shines with a green light, the range of which is ten miles.
Today, as before, it uninterruptedly performs its main function - ensuring the safety of navigation in the Eastern Bosphorus Strait, forming, together with the lighthouse on Skrypleva Island, a kind of gateway to the port of Vladivostok. And at the same time, it invariably attracts numerous travelers and lovers of sea romance.
Getting to the lighthouse on Cape Basargina is not so easy: access to it is limited, the territory is guarded. The easiest way to get to the cape is to get here yourself by sea.
