Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral of Tambov (Russia) - description, history, location. Exact address and website. Tourist reviews, photos and videos.
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Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral- the oldest Orthodox cathedral in Tambov district. This temple is the heart and soul of Tambov, its spiritual core and simply very a nice place. The construction of the cathedral was conceived and started by the second Bishop of Tambov, Pitirim. Deciding to build the city’s first temple made of stone, Bishop Pitirim initially planned a one-story building, but during the construction of the church, windows were broken through the already finished lower part of the temple, vaults were built above the altar, and stairs were erected to the second floor. But St. Pitirim did not have time to complete the construction; he was buried in a crypt near the southern wall, where the saint’s relics lie today.
For many years, the Cathedral has been considered the guardian of the main shrines of the Tambov land, many of which, alas, were lost during the years of Soviet power.
For example, from the richest collection of rare icons, it is worth paying attention to the Crucifixion of the Savior with the upcoming Mother of God and John the Evangelist, painted by Bishop Pitirim, as well as the miraculous icon of Our Lady of Kazan.
History paragraph
Until 1694, a small wooden Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior stood on the site of the stone temple. She also gave the name to the future cathedral of the district, the construction of which was completed only in 1783 thanks to donations from the Tambov merchant Matvey Borodin. A three-tier bell tower with a height of 42.5 m appeared even later - in 1817 (others claim that in 1812)
But with the advent of the “bright communist future”, when religion was declared the opium of the people, the temple was closed, and since 1929 the Tambov Regional local history museum. The elegant bell tower was dismantled in 1931, and the remaining rubble was used to fill up holes and potholes in parks and squares. The cathedral returned to the fold of the Orthodox Church only in the 90s. One of the significant dates for the Transfiguration Church today is considered to be August 4, 1993, when the cross was again raised on the main dome of the temple.
Four days later, the relics of the heavenly patron saint of the city and land of Tambov, Saint Pitirim, as well as the saint’s phelonion, which was donated by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, returned to the cathedral. The elegant bell tower was rebuilt a little later; on May 18, 2011, a religious procession was held and a cross was consecrated at the site of its reconstruction.
Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral is one of the most large temples Perm. The church was built at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. For a long time, the cathedral was used by the Perm Art Gallery as an exhibition hall.
History of the cathedral
In the mid-16th century, Stroganov founded the Transfiguration Monastery in the city of Pyskor. In the second half of the 18th century (1781), the governor of Perm decided to transport the monastery to his city. The structure was dismantled and then transported by river to Perm.
It was planned that the monastery would be located in the area of Yegoshikhinskaya Mountain. Later, it was decided to locate the shrine in the vicinity of Senkino, since this area turned out to be less wooded.
The translation process took about 12 years (lack of funds). One of the extreme measures was the temporary deposit of church utensils from the Transfiguration Monastery to the Vyatka Cathedral.
In 1793, within the walls of a residential building belonging to the monastery, the Church of St. Stephen of Perm was built. The altar was installed on the north side due to a construction error. Later this misunderstanding was corrected: the altar was turned to the east. In 1792-1798 the fraternal building of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery was erected.
Due to the royal decree, at the end of the 18th century, territorial division provinces Now Perm is an independent administrative unit, which should have its own church diocese. In 1798, construction of the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord began in the city. monastery. The consecration of the new church took place in 1818.
Within the walls of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery there was now the Bishop's House - the residence and permanent place of residence of the Metropolitan, a spiritual house for conducting receptions, as well as economic lands.
The bell tower adjacent to the cathedral was created in the style of Russian classicism. It is assumed that its author is Paulsen. The bells, which once belonged to the Pyskorsky Monastery, were installed in 1831. The restoration of the Transfiguration Cathedral was carried out in 1853 (by Letuchy) and 1901 (by Karvovsky).
In 1922, the building of the Bishop's House was transferred to the ownership of the regional museum. The necropolis of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral was destroyed in 1931. In its place was a zoo. In 1933, holding services within the walls of the temple was prohibited. The building was used as a gallery.
During the Great Patriotic War, the building was abandoned. During the celebration of Victory Day in 1946, a fire broke out in the cathedral (a fireworks rocket hit the building's spire).
The Cathedral today
In 2008, a small part of the Bishop's House was given to the needs of the church. On this moment South part The building serves as the temple of St. Mitrofan of Voronezh. One of the largest church bookstores is also located here.
The bell tower of the cathedral was consecrated 2 years later (in 2010). Until the end of 2016, the Perm State Art Gallery vacated the building of the Transfiguration Cathedral.
Schedule of services
Divine liturgies within the walls of the Transfiguration Cathedral are held daily.
- In the morning the service is held at 08:00, in the evening at 17:00.
- On Saturday and Sunday in the morning hours (07:00) you can go to confession.
On major holidays, the schedule of services must be clarified. In some cases, the hours of liturgies may change.
How to get to the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral
There are two ways to get to the Transfiguration Cathedral: by bus or trolleybus. In the first case, you need to use route No. 3, getting off at the stop " Art Gallery" To get there by trolleybus, you need to choose route No. 1 (same stop).
Contact details
To contact the cathedral, please provide contact information:
- address – Perm, Komsomolsky Avenue, No. 4;
- phone – 5-43-33;
- email address - [email protected].
Photos
The Transfiguration Cathedral of Perm has come a long way in its development. The building was subject to reconstruction and reconstruction more than once, but was used for other purposes or was completely closed. Today the temple belongs to the Orthodox Church, but it has not yet been possible to completely restore it.
Main story Orthodox Cathedral Odessa is inextricably linked with the history of the city itself. In ancient times, every city began with a Temple. People, developing a new place, put up a cross, and on this place they built a church, where they served the first prayer service “for the foundation of this city.” Then the city grew, new churches appeared, but this, the first temple, was always the most important. Being the same age as the city, the Transfiguration Cathedral witnessed many important events that took place in Odessa.
The Cathedral Park, in which the cathedral stands, according to the plan of the founding fathers, was to become main square Odessa, and the first stone in the foundation of the temple was laid in 1795. The church was built according to the design of engineer V. Vonrezant, and should have been built already in 1797 - two years after the start of construction. However, construction was suspended for a reason beyond the control of the townspeople. Paul I, who became Emperor of All Russia in November 1796, sequestered the budget allocated for the construction of young Odessa; simply put, he stopped allocating the money promised by his mother, Catherine II.
However, the reign of Paul I suddenly ended in 1801 (by the way, with the active participation of one of the founders of Odessa, Osip Mikhailovich Deribas), funding for construction was resumed, and under the leadership of the city architect Franz Frapolli, the church was built in five years - from 1804 to 1809. On May 25, 1809, the consecration of the church took place, and then it finally received the name - Spaso-Preobrazhenskaya.
It is interesting that Franz’s brother, Giovanni Frapolli, also an architect, participated in the construction of the old Odessa church together with G. Toricelli. The design of the bell tower, drawn up by Giovanni Frapolli, dates back to the same time. The 74-meter-high bell tower was built from 1825 to 1837. The main bell was cast on site from 28 Turkish cannons - a trophy from the company of 1828-1829. The bell tower spire was far visible from the sea and was mentioned in all sailing directions.
Some historians believe that it is quite likely that Pushkin and young Lermontov, who was at the same time in Odessa with his grandmother, could have met in the cathedral.
On October 9, 1828, Emperor Nicholas I, saved from imminent death during a night storm during the passage from Varna to Odessa on the ship “Empress Maria,” prayed on the altar before the image of the Savior in a silver robe.
Transfiguration Cathedral. View from Russov's house. Early 20th century
In 1837, the Ekaterinoslav diocese was divided into Ekaterinoslav proper and Kherson-Tavria. Odessa became the residence of the Kherson-Tavria diocesan bishop, and the Transfiguration Cathedral became the cathedral. Therefore, its major reconstruction begins: its old part is connected by the refectory church with the bell tower, the domes are replaced, the side aisles are expanded and raised, a sacristy, a library, an archive are installed, the floors are covered with marble tiles, special chandeliers are made, etc.
In 1841 - 1848, the architect D. Heidenreich built the refectory part of the cathedral, combining the bell tower and the old church.
In the lectern, in a wooden icon case, lay a large copper cross, cast from coins that were thrown “on a common candle” by soldiers passing through Odessa to Sevastopol in 1854. And when during the Crimean War the city came under fire from the sea, Anna Tyutcheva, the daughter of the great poet, wrote in her diary: “An English grenade exploded near the cathedral at the very time when the procession with the shroud led by the Right Reverend Innocent was taking place. The people were electrified, no one ran or tried to lie on the ground... Despite the hellfire, the service in the cathedral continued. Suddenly there was a terrible roar. The glass in the dome burst and fell onto the marble floor.” That time the Cathedral survived.
On June 17, 1889, the future great poetess Anna Akhmatova was baptized in the Transfiguration Cathedral. An entry about this has been preserved in the “Partition Book” of the Kherson Ecclesiastical Consistory: “Captain 2nd Rank Andrei Antonov Gorenko and his legal wife Inna Erasmovna are both Orthodox.” Archpriest Evlampius Arnold performed the ceremony.
In 1894, a major renovation of the cathedral was carried out according to the design of the architect L. Prokopovich.
In 1900 - 1903, a major reconstruction was carried out. The facades were changed, side rooms were added, over which domes were placed, the interior was significantly rebuilt, a portico was added to the eastern facade, and the bell tower was decorated. The new floor was made of white marble. After reconstruction, the cathedral became one of the largest churches in the Russian Empire and could accommodate up to 9 thousand people.
In 1919, the funeral service for the silent film star, the irresistible and mysterious Vera Kholodnaya, was held in the cathedral.
His wife Elizabeth was also buried in the Transfiguration Cathedral. This is a rare case when a woman is buried in the cathedral, because, due to tradition, an exception was made only for members royal family. At Vorontsov’s coffin there was a banner presented to the cathedral by Nicholas I in 1828. During solemn church processions, the headman of the cathedral carried this banner.
In 1936, the cathedral was barbarically destroyed. First, all the furniture was taken out of it, and then they blew it up. People who saw this tragedy say that powerful explosives were placed in the bell tower, because it was not so easy to destroy the temple. They decided to blow up the bell tower so that it would fall on the cathedral and destroy it. The calculation was a success. After the explosion, instead of the temple, there were terrible ruins with the ribs of the structures sticking up. Piles of stone covered the entire area. School No. 121 was built from cathedral stone. In the mid-1950s, an unusual building stood on the site of the cathedral.
Not far from Odessa, on the site of the altar in 1940, at the insistence of the famous ophthalmologist, another fountain was built - the famous ““. Being a devout man who did not hide his faith under any regime, he could not see how a holy place was trampled underfoot by people. Later, when the cathedral began to be restored, the Filatov fountain was moved closer to the intersection of Preobrazhenskaya and Grecheskaya streets, to the place of the old fountain - therefore, the “Filatov Vase” fountain is often mistakenly called “the first fountain of Odessa.”
Reconstruction of the cathedral began in 1999. In fact, it was rebuilt, thus becoming at the same time the oldest and newest Orthodox church in Odessa.
The cathedral was restored in its original location in the same form as it had after the reconstruction in 1903. The dimensions and location of the restored building were determined by the exposed foundations of the cathedral destroyed in 1936. The overall dimensions of the building are 46.6 x 90.6 m, and the height of the bell tower is 72 m. The total number of bells is 23. This is the largest set of bells in Ukraine. In 2008, the Voronezh bell factory "Vera" cast another largest 14-ton bell in Ukraine for the Transfiguration Cathedral. The giant bell sounded for the first time in September of the same year.
The main altar of the cathedral was consecrated by Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' in July 2010. From this moment on, the restoration of the cathedral as a whole can be considered complete. The central marble iconostasis was painted by the famous Ukrainian artist Georgy Zhuravsky.
In 2000, the bell tower was completely restored. On November 10, 2005, the reburial of the remains of E.K. Vorontsova from the Slobodskoye cemetery took place. And on June 21, 2010, the consecration of the restored Transfiguration Cathedral took place.
Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral on the map of Odessa:
In conclusion, here is a traditional video about the cathedral:
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Coordinates: 46°29′00″ n. w. 30°43′53″ E. d. / 46.483333° s. w. 30.731389° E. d.(G) (O) (I)46.483333 , 30.731389
Odessa Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral- the largest Orthodox church in Odessa; laid down in 1794; consecrated in 1808, destroyed in 1936. After restoration, the bell tower chapel was re-consecrated in 2001; in 2002 - the lower temple; in 2003 - the upper temple. The main altar of the cathedral was consecrated by Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' on July 21, 2010.
As its architectural development progressed, the cathedral reflected the level of development of Odessa and the entire region. Being a small religious building at the beginning of the 19th century, it became one of the largest cathedrals in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. The cathedral could accommodate up to 12 thousand people at a time, and Cathedral Square of Odessa was the main square of the city, where all major city holidays began and took place. The Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral by the beginning became the main temple of New Russia.
Base
History of construction
Postcard showing a view of the cathedral in the 19th century Postcard with a photograph of the cathedral at the beginning of the 20th centuryReconstructions
Considering that Odessa became the diocesan center of the Kherson diocese in 1837, the Transfiguration Cathedral became a cathedral. There was a need to expand it.
By order of the Archbishop of Kherson and Tauride Gabriel (Rozanov) in 1841, the architect D. Heidenreich developed a design for the refectory part, which united the bell tower and the old church. Partial reconstructions of the cathedral were carried out in the period -1880, and in 1894 a major overhaul of the cathedral was carried out.
The architectural shortcomings of the cathedral, which arose during multiple additions, were corrected during the last reconstruction in 1903, for which 220,000 rubles were spent from the city treasury. The reconstruction included not only changes to the facades, but also significant restructuring of the interiors. During this period, two side domes were built, and a portico was built to the east façade. The bell tower was also decorated.
The interior of the temple was magnificent. The first thing that struck you when entering the temple was the abundance of light and space. The columns in the interior in the Corinthian order were lined with white artificial marble. The floor is made of white marble slabs. The new iconostasis is made of grayish-white polished marble. Above the throne rose a domed canopy on independent columns.
After reconstruction in 1903, the cathedral became one of the largest churches in the Russian Empire and could accommodate up to 9,000 people. Its dimensions in plan were 90x45 meters, and the height of the bell tower was 72 meters.
Destruction
... walking along Tolstoy Street ... (in the direction of the cathedral) ... a whole crowd - quiet and modest ... approaching the porch, where it was no longer crowded, I was able to see what was there. Bell. Huge, taller than me. It seemed to ring slightly from the tension of standing around. From the gathered crowd. As if it was a living creature - fallen and giving up the ghost... I looked at the bell... which was heard in all corners of Odessa and even near the Dniester bank of Belyaevka. And which will never ring again... However, the real funeral of the cathedral was still ahead - a few days later it flew into the air... shaking the entire area with a terrible roar. It took off so much that window panes flew out on Tolstoy Street, although the day before they were ordered to be sealed.
- Gridin V. Explosion on Cathedral Square.
On the day of the destruction of the cathedral, Cathedral Square was cordoned off by troops. The destruction of the temple attracted a large number of townspeople who were pushed into the nearby streets.
After the demolition of the cathedral building, the city authorities decided to establish entertainment venues in its place. It was planned to place a toilet on the site of the main altar. Only the intercession of the world luminary of science, Academician V.P. Filatov, saved the holy place from desecration - a fountain with a large marble vase in the shape of a flower (later nicknamed Filatov’s vase) was installed on the site of the altar. After the restoration of the Cathedral in 2005, this fountain was moved to the site of the first city fountain on Cathedral Square.
It is also worth mentioning how the authorities dealt with the ashes of those buried in the cathedral. Before the explosion, the remains of the Vorontsov couple were removed from the sarcophagus by workers in the presence of police officers. The coffins were plundered as if by looters - a saber and orders were stolen from the coffin of M. S. Vorontsov. From the coffin of E.K. Vorontsova - jewelry that was on the deceased. The gold-embroidered clothing of the dead was also stolen. As a result, only skeletons remained, which were transported to a cemetery located in a poor district of Odessa - Krasnaya Slobodka. There they were simply thrown out at the cemetery fence. Only thanks to the efforts of ordinary Odessa residents were the remains properly buried in the cemetery.
Address: Yaroslavl region, Uglich, Kremlin, 5
Construction: 1700-1706, 1713-1716 (?), bell tower - 1730
Architect: Presumably Grigory Ivanovich Ustinov
Style: Old Russian Yaroslavl architecture, Naryshkin baroque
On the banks of the Volga, in the most ancient part of the Uglich Kremlin, stands the Transfiguration Cathedral - main temple city of Uglich The temple was erected in 1706 on the site of a dismantled ancient temple(X-XI centuries). The general composition of the cathedral dates back to the Yaroslavl churches of the 17th century, but individual elements were brought in from the “Naryshkin baroque”
Next to the cathedral rises a 37-meter bell tower (1730) with a gilded dome, erected on the spot where the previous bell tower announced to the Uglich residents the murder of the last of the Rurik dynasty, the young Tsarevich Dimitri.
The three-tiered composition of decreasing octagons is a characteristic detail of the 19th century. In 1984, specialists from the Uglich Watch Factory installed an electric clock on the bell tower that rings every half hour.
The Transfiguration Cathedral has an unusual interior. The large square hall with a side of 14 meters is covered with a light closed vault without supporting pillars. The cathedral was painted by the artel of Timofey Medvedev in 1810-1811. On the wide surfaces of the walls and vaults there are more than 50 compositions made according to the models of European masters of the late Renaissance and Baroque.
The temple fresco "Transfiguration" is a copy of the work of Raphael.
The grandiose six-tiered iconostasis was installed in 1860. The oldest of the icons placed here - “The Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary” - belongs to the Yaroslavl school of icon painting of the 17th century.
The icons of the Savior and the Most Holy Theotokos on the sides of the Royal Doors, with their dark colors and gilded stucco backgrounds, are reminiscent of works of Ukrainian Baroque of the 17th century.
The main part of the iconostasis was made in the 18th century by the prominent Moscow master F. Rozhnov.
In the northwestern corner of the cathedral there is a fragment of a white stone buttress that supported the wall of the ancient temple, discovered by archaeologists. It shows the dark trace of the “Polish” fire of the early 17th century.
In 1929, the Transfiguration Cathedral was closed for worship and transferred to the Uglich Museum.
Only in 2009, by order of the Prime Minister Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, the Cathedral was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church.
In 2009, with the zeal of the Head of the Uglich region Sheremeteva E.M. At the expense of the benefactor of the Russian Orthodox Church, Mikhail Vladimirovich Malov, the external cosmetic repairs of the Cathedral and the bell tower were completely carried out.
In the altar, the concrete floor screed was dismantled and ceramic-granite tiles were laid, stylized as the ancient tiles of the temple.
In September 2010, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' began his Primate visit to the Yaroslavl diocese with a visit to the Transfiguration Cathedral. From the porch of the Cathedral, in front of a large gathering of clergy, monastics and laity, His Holiness the Patriarch addressed the Uglich residents with words of greeting and gave his First Hierarchal blessing.
Currently, the staff of the Transfiguration Cathedral includes 3 priests and 1 deacon. Divine services are held regularly.
