The world famous Egyptian pyramid of Cheops inside is like a “Russian doll” and consists of three three pyramids pharaohs. The veil of secrecy is lifted over one of the seven wonders of the world. Every creation of human hands has meaning.
“Everything that arises must have some reason for its occurrence, for it is absolutely impossible to arise without a cause.” So said the ancient Greek philosopher and sage Plato in the 4th century BC. e. in his book Timaeus.
All mysteries are overcome by knowledge. Knowledge can be obtained or created. As a “tool for creation,” let’s take our common sense, logic of thinking and knowledge of ancient people who used ideas about the world at that distant time.
“What is comprehended through reflection and reasoning is obviously an eternally identical being; and that which is subject to opinion... arises and dies, but never really exists.” (IV century BC, Plato, Timaeus).
Russian doll
What does it mean that the Cheops pyramid is like a “Russian nesting doll”, containing two more pyramids, one inside the other? To confirm the conclusion about the triplicity of the Cheops pyramid, let's start with the facts and look at the cross-sectional diagram of the pyramid.
Firstly, there are three burial chambers in the Cheops pyramid. Three! From this fact it follows that the pyramid has different time there were three masters (three pharaohs). And everyone had their own separate burial chamber. After all, few living people would think of preparing a tomb for themselves in three “copies.” In addition (as can be seen from the size of the pyramids), their construction is quite labor-intensive even for our time. Besides? Archaeologists have already established that the pharaohs built tomb pyramids separately and of a much smaller size for their wives.
Egyptian historians have established that long before the construction of the pyramids in ancient Egypt in the 4th millennium BC. and earlier pharaohs were buried in structures called mastabas. Below in the picture is the appearance of the ancient crypt (mastaba) of Shepseskaf in Saqqara. It consists of underground and above-ground parts.
The pharaoh's mummy was located deep underground in an underground hall. In the ground part there was a prayer room with a statue of the pharaoh. After death (according to the ancient Egyptian priests), the soul of the deceased pharaoh moved into this statue. The halls in the above-ground mastaba room could be connected to each other (or isolated from each other). Above these underground halls, a low, trapezoidal truncated pyramid was built from stone blocks.
Under the Cheops pyramid there is an underground passage (4) at the end of which there is a vast unfinished underground hall (5). There is also an exit (12) from the hall to the top, which was made according to the burial theory for the passage of the pharaoh’s soul to the above-ground part of the mastaba.
According to the section plan of the Cheops pyramid, we can conclude that if there is an underground hall (5) and there is a passage upward from it (12), then the upper prayer room of the mastaba should be in the center and slightly lower than the middle burial chamber (7). Unless, of course, when the second pharaoh began construction of his pyramid above the mastaba, these premises were not filled with stones, destroyed and preserved to this day.
This conclusion (about the presence of internal mastaba halls in the center of the Cheops pyramid) is confirmed by the observations of French researchers - Gilles Dormayon and Jean-Yves Verdhart. In August 2004, while examining the floor in the middle burial chamber (7) with sensitive gravitational instruments, they discovered an unknown void of impressive size below the floor at a depth of about four meters, the purpose of which at that time they had no versions.
According to the plan of the pyramid's section, a narrow inclined almost vertical shaft (12) goes up from the underground burial pit (5). This passage should connect to the above-ground prayer room of the mastaba. At the exit from the mine, at ground level under the base of the pyramid, there is a small grotto (extension up to 5 meters in length). Apparently, in ancient times, when excavating this grotto, they were already looking for a passage to the inner halls of the mastaba. It has been established that its walls consist of more ancient masonry that does not belong to the Cheops pyramid. The passage rising from the underground hall and the ancient stonework are nothing more than belonging to the first mastaba. From the expansion in the shaft (12) to the center of the pyramid there should be a passage to the ground halls of the mastaba. This passage was most likely walled up by the builders of the second inner pyramid.
By appearance and according to archaeologists, the underground burial chamber (5) remained unfinished. The condition of the prayer rooms in the upper above-ground part of the mastaba (which is the first of three in the Cheops pyramid) remains to be determined by opening a passage through them.
The height of the first internal truncated pyramid (mastaba), according to the pyramid's sectional diagram, should be no more than 15 meters.
The presence of an unfinished burial structure (mastaba), located in the most advantageous place (on the top of a stone plateau in the town of Giza), served as a pretext for the second (before Cheops) unknown pharaoh to use this mastaba to build his pyramid over it.
The fact that the Giza plateau was previously “inhabited” by ancient mastabas is also supported by the fact that the Sphinx was there. The purpose of the “Sphinx” is to serve as a tomb (mastaba) in the form of a lion sculpture. The age of the “Sphinx” (the deity into which, according to theory, the soul of the pharaoh should move) is estimated to be much older than the pyramids (about 5 - 10 thousand years).
In Egypt, by the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC, the Egyptian priests had a new worldview about the place of residence of the soul after death.
In this regard, the burials of the pharaohs in mastabas were replaced by more majestic structures - step pyramids, and later by “smooth” hewn pyramids. According to the ideas of the priests, after death a person’s soul flew to life to stars related to their souls. “Whoever lives the time allotted to him properly will return to the abode of the star named after him.” Plato, Timaeus.
The burial chamber (7), belonging to the second internal pyramid (on the cross-sectional plan) is located above the prayer part of the first mastaba. The corridor ascending to it (6) is laid along the wall of the mastaba, and the horizontal corridor (8) along its roof. Thus, these two corridors to chamber (7) show approximate dimensions the first ancient internal truncated trapezoidal mastaba pyramid.
Second and third pyramids
This can be judged by the length of two emanating from the chamber (7) in opposite directions, the so-called (in modern terms) “ventilation ducts”. These channels (one to the north and the other to the south) in a cross section of 20 by 25 cm, approximately 10-12 meters do not reach the boundary of the external walls of the third pyramid.
The modern name for ducts as “air ducts” is, of course, incorrect. The deceased pharaoh did not need ventilation ducts. The channels had a completely different purpose. Channels are a pointing path directed to the sky, oriented with great accuracy (up to a degree) to the stars, where, according to the ideas of the ancient Egyptians, the soul of the pharaoh would settle after death.
The northern channel was oriented towards the star Kohab in the constellation Ursa Minor. At that time, due to precession (the displacement of the Earth's axis), "Kokhab" was the "North Star" around which the sky revolved. It was assumed that after death the pharaoh becomes one of the stars in her environment in the northern part of the sky.
The Southern Channel was targeting the Sirius star. In Egyptian mythology, “Sirius” was associated with the name of the goddess Sopdet (the protector and patroness of all the dead).
At the time the second pyramid was built, both channels from the burial chamber (7) reached the edge of the outer walls and were open to the sky. The burial chamber of the pharaoh's second inner pyramid may also have been unfinished (judging by the lack of its interior decoration).
It is possible that the top of the second pyramid was not fully completed (for example, there was a war, the pharaoh was killed, died prematurely from illness, an accident, etc.). But, in any case, the second pyramid was built no lower than the height of the channels (“air ducts”) emanating from the burial chamber (7) to the outer walls.
The second internal pyramid reveals itself not only with tightly closed channels and its own separate burial chamber, but most of all it is revealed outside by the walled-up central entrance (1) to the Cheops pyramid.
Obviously, it immediately catches your eye that the entrance, tightly walled up with huge granite blocks, is buried in the body of the third pyramid (about the same 10-12 meters as the channels from the second burial chamber).
During the construction of the third pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops, there was no point in extending this external entrance to the second pyramid. Therefore, after adding walls along the perimeter of the third pyramid, the entrance turned out to be “recessed” inside.
The entrance gates of all buildings are always made slightly outside the structure, and not buried in the depths of the structure. The Pyramid of Khafre has approximately the same entrance, but moved outside.
Cheops is the third owner of the pyramid
Archaeologists and historians, according to the deciphering of the hieroglyphs, have established that the Cheops pyramid was built not by slaves (as previously thought), but by civilian builders, who, of course, had to be paid well for hard work. And since the volume of construction was enormous, it was more profitable for Cheops to take an unfinished pyramid than to build a new one from scratch. The advantageous location of the unfinished second pyramid, which was located at the very top of the plateau, was also important.
Cheops began the construction of the third pyramid by dismantling the central part of the second pyramid. In the resulting “crater” at a height of approximately 40 meters from the ground, a pre-chamber (11) and the third burial chamber of the pharaoh (10) were built. The passage to the third burial chamber only needed to be extended. The ascending tunnel (6) was continued in the form of a large 8-meter high cone-shaped gallery (9).
The conical shape of the gallery is not similar to the initial part of the ascending narrow passage. This indicates that the tunnel was not made at the same time and under different external conditions.
After the third Cheops pyramid was expanded on the sides, adding 10-12 meters on each side, the outgoing channels of the second pyramid from the chamber (7) were accordingly closed.
If the burial chamber (7) turned out to be empty, then there was no point in extending the old channels for the builders of the third pyramid. Outside, the channels were filled with new rows of wall blocks of the third pyramid, and from the inside in chamber (7), the outgoing channels were also walled up. In the burial chamber (7), walled up channels were discovered by treasure hunters (researchers) by tapping the walls only in 1872.
In September 2010, English and German researchers launched a caterpillar robot into one of the narrow “air ducts” from the second burial chamber (7). Having risen to the end, he rested against a limestone slab 13 cm thick, drilled through it, inserted a video camera into the hole, and on the other side of the slab at a distance of 18 cm, the robot saw another stone barrier. Having reached a dead end, the scientists' search ended in nothing. The stone barrier is nothing more than the blocks of the third pyramid.
The builders of the third pyramid of Cheops from the third burial chamber of the pharaoh laid new channels (10) for the “flight of the soul” to the stars.
If you look closely at the cross-section of the pyramid, the two pairs of channels (to the north and south) from the second and third chambers are not parallel! This is one of the “keys” to solving the mystery of the Cheops pyramid.
The channels of the upper third chamber relative to the channels of the second chamber are rotated clockwise by 5 degrees. The northern pair of channels has inclination angles of 32° and 37° (5° difference). The southern pair of channels, oriented towards the star Sirius, has inclination angles of 45° and 39° (a difference of 6°). Here, an increase of 1 degree can be attributed to the own movement of the planet Sirius in its orbit. The 5-degree discrepancy in channel angles is not accidental. Egyptian priests and builders very accurately recorded the position of the stars in the sky and clearly laid out the direction of the channels to the stars (with an accuracy of minutes and seconds).
Then what's the matter
The point here is that the Earth’s rotation axis shifts by 1 degree every 72 years, and every 25,920 years the Earth’s axis, rotating at an angle like a spinning top, makes a full circle of 360 degrees. This astronomical phenomenon is called precession. Plato called the total rotation time of the Earth's axis 25,920 years - “The Great Year”.
When the Earth's axis shifts by 1 degree over 72 years, then the angle of view in the direction of all stars (including the Sun) also changes by 1 degree. If the displacement of each pair of channels differs by 5 degrees, then we can easily calculate that between the construction of the second pyramid (of the unknown pharaoh) and the third pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops, the difference is 5 x 72 = 360 years.
Egyptian historians say that Pharaoh Cheops (another pronunciation is Khufu) reigned in 2540-2560 BC. By counting “degree” years ago, we can say exactly when the second inner pyramid was built. Thus, the second pyramid was built in 2800-2820 BC.
In the Cheops pyramid, in a single place under the ceiling (on the powerful vaulted granite slabs above the third burial chamber, like a roof), there is a personal hieroglyph made by the workers who left their mark: “Builders, friends of Pharaoh Khufu.” No other mention of the name Cheops (Khufu) or the affiliation of other pharaohs to the pyramid has yet been found.
Most likely, the third Cheops pyramid was completed and used for its intended purpose. Otherwise, the Cheops pyramid would not have been “sealed.” That is, a plug of several granite cubes would not have been lowered into the ascending passage (6) from above and from the inside along an inclined plane. With these stone cubes, the pyramid was tightly closed to everyone for more than three thousand years (until 820 AD).
The ancient Egyptian name of the Cheops pyramid is read in hieroglyphs as “Horizon of Khufu”. The name has a literal meaning. The angle of inclination of the side face of the pyramid is 51° 50′. This is the angle at which the Sun rose exactly at noon on the days of the autumn-spring equinox. The sun at noon, like a golden “crown,” crowned the pyramid. Throughout the year, the Sun (the ancient Egyptian God - Ra) walks across the sky in summer higher, in winter lower (just like the pharaoh through his domains) and always the Sun (pharaoh) returns to his “home”. Therefore, the angle of inclination of the walls of the pyramid indicates the path to the house of the “Sun God”, to the “house of the pyramid” of Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops) - “the son of the Sun God”.
The edges of the walls are arranged at an angle of view towards the Sun not only in this pyramid. In Khafre's pyramid, the angle of inclination of the wall faces is slightly more than 52-53 degrees (it is known that it was built later). In the Mikerin pyramid, the slope of the faces is 51°20′25″ (less than that of Cheops). Until now, historians did not know whether it was built before the Cheops pyramid or later. Now, taking into account the open “degree time” of the Earth’s precession, the smaller angle of inclination of the walls indicates that the pyramid of Mikerinus was built not later, but earlier. In relation to the “degree age scale”, a difference in the slope of the walls of 30 minutes corresponds to 36 years. In later Egyptian pyramids, for example the pyramid of Pharaoh Khafre, the slope of the faces should accordingly be greater.
In Sudan (see in the picture) there are many pyramids, the angle of inclination of the faces of which is much steeper. Sudan is south of Egypt and the Sun stands higher above the horizon there on the day of the spring-autumn equinox. This explains the great steepness of the walls of the Sudanese pyramids.
In 820 A.D. The Baghdad caliph Abu Jafar al-Mamun, in search of the countless treasures of the pharaoh, made a horizontal break (2) at the base of the Cheops pyramid, which tourists use to enter the pyramid today. The breach was made before the start ascending corridor(6), where they ran into granite cubes, which went around to the right and thus penetrated into the pyramid. But, according to historians, they found nothing but “dust half the size of a palm” inside. If there was anything valuable in the pyramid, then the servants of the caliph took it. And what they left behind was taken away over the next period of time—1200 years.
Judging by the appearance of the gallery (9), 28 pairs of ritual statues stood along its walls in rectangular recesses. However, the exact purpose of the recesses is not known. Two facts indicate that there were statues there. First, the eight-meter height of the gallery made it possible to install statues. Secondly, there were large round peeling imprints on the walls from the mortar that was used to attach the statues to the walls.
I will disappoint those who were determined to find “miracles” in the design of the Egyptian pyramids.
Over a hundred pyramids have been discovered in Egypt today, and they are all different from each other. The pyramids have different angles of inclination of the faces oriented towards the Sun (because they were built at different times), there is a pyramid with a “broken side” at a double angle, there are stone and brick pyramids, smoothly lined and stepped, there are pyramids with a base not square, but rectangular in shape, for example, Pharaoh Djoser.
There is no unity even among the neighboring pyramids at Giza. The Pyramid of Mikerin (the smaller of the three) at its base is not oriented strictly to the cardinal points. The exact orientation of the sides is not given importance. IN main pyramid Cheops's third (uppermost) burial chamber is not located in the geometric center of the pyramid or even on the axis of the pyramid. In the pyramids of Khafre and Mikerin, the burial chambers are also off-center. If the pyramids had some kind of secret secret, law or knowledge, the “golden ratio” and so on, then all the pyramids would have uniformity. But there is nothing like that in the pyramids. Below are pictures of Egyptian pyramids of different shapes.
The former Minister of Archeology of Egypt and the current main expert on ancient Egyptian pyramids, Zahi Hawass, says: “Like any practitioner, I decided to check the statement that food does not spoil in the pyramid. Divided a kilogram of meat in half. I left one part in the office and the other in the Cheops pyramid. The part in the pyramid deteriorated even faster than in the office.”
What else can you look for in the Cheops pyramid?
Perhaps you can find the above-ground prayer room of the first pyramid - the mastaba. It would be worth drilling down several holes in the floor of the second (7) burial chamber until an internal cavity is discovered below.
Then from the grotto (12) find a walled passage into the halls (or pave it). This will not be detrimental to the pyramid, since there was originally a connecting entrance from the underground burial chamber to the above-ground mastaba room. And you just have to find it. After the discovery of the interior of the mastaba, it may become known about the pharaoh - the owner of the first truncated trapezoidal mastaba pyramid.
The Mastaba Sphinx is also of great interest on the Giza plateau. The stone body of the ancient Sphinx is located from west to east. Funeral burials were also made from west to east. Presumably, the Sphinx is an integral part of an above-ground structure (mastaba) - the tomb of an unknown pharaoh.
Searches in this direction would expand the boundaries of knowledge of the history of ancient Egypt. It is possible that there was an even earlier civilization, for example, the Atlanteans, whom the Egyptians deified, considering them their ancestors, and referred to their ancient ancestors as predecessor gods.
An identification study by American criminologists concluded that the face of the Sphinx does not resemble the faces of the statues of Egyptian pharaohs, but has distinct Negroid features. That is, the ancient ancestors of the Egyptians, including the legendary Atlanteans, had Negroid facial features and African origin.
It should be noted here that the Egyptian legend about the Atlantean ancestors is indirect evidence of proximity to Egypt.
Probably, the burial chamber and mummy of an ancient pharaoh of Negro origin is located under the front paws of the Sphinx, as the American psychic Edgar Cayce said about it. In this case, there should be a passage upward from the underground hall - a path for the relocation of the “soul” of the pharaoh and subsequent life in the body of the Sphinx statue (according to the beliefs of the ancient Egyptians).
The Sphinx is a lion (symbol of royal power) with a human head and the face of a pharaoh. It is possible that the face of the discovered mummy of the pharaoh (after plastic restoration) will turn out to be “two peas in a pod” similar to the face of the Sphinx.
By analogy with the construction (of later pyramids over earlier ones), we can say that many other Egyptian pyramids had more than one owner. In this regard, confusion is revealed with the time of life of the pharaohs and the time of construction of their pyramids.
For example, Pharaoh Mykerinus ruled later than Cheops, but his pyramid, according to the angle of inclination of the walls, in accordance with calculations based on “years of precession,” was started 36 years earlier than Cheops’ pyramid. How can this be? The answer to this question is that the pyramid began to be built earlier (before Mikerin), but it was completed later, when the angle of inclination of the lower walls that had been started could no longer be changed.
There is a large vertical gap on one of the side walls of the Mykerinus pyramid. Getting to the pharaoh's treasures in the burial chamber inside the pyramid, the robbers dismantled part of the wall from top to bottom. In the thus formed “vertical section” of the section of the inner blocks of the pyramid, the following was revealed - from a certain, clearly defined boundary, the upper blocks were not laid tightly and not as neatly as the lower ones. This confirms that the pyramid was being completed and that later builders were not as careful about the quality of laying the internal blocks.
At the same time, judging by the two underground halls under the pyramid of Mikerin (which belong to the burials of the pharaohs during the construction of the mastabas), the burial structure was begun many centuries earlier. This confusion of times suggests that inside the pyramid of Mikerin, as well as in the pyramid of Cheops, there should be above-ground prayer rooms of the original mastaba belonging to the more ancient burial of the pharaoh. And in the body of the pyramid there should also be a chamber-tomb for the later burial of Pharaoh Mikerin.
The “curtain” of the centuries-old secret over the secret of the Egyptian pyramid of Cheops has been lifted. All that remains is to enter the open door.
This requires permission from the Egyptian authorities, which they give to research scientists with great reluctance.
A mystery loses its appeal when it is revealed.
But, despite this, tourists’ interest in the majestic buildings does not disappear. ancient world, which has survived to this day.
How the Cheops Pyramid was built
Another confirmation of the triplicity of the Cheops pyramid. In 2009, the French architect Jean-Pierre Houdin, and later with the support of Egyptologist Bob Brier from the American University of Long Island, observing how roads were built in the mountains, put forward a similar erroneous assumption. about the construction technology of the Egyptian pyramid of Cheops. The fact that stone blocks were transported to the pyramid by drag, around its walls along inclined ramps and corridors, as if along a serpentine road mountain road. This is a long and laborious path. Following this, Jean-Pierre Houdin began to look for evidence of his hypothesis.
To substantiate his assumption, he accepted the research of a group of engineers from the French Academy of Sciences, who in 1986 spent several months scanning the internal contents of the Cheops pyramid to detect hidden cavities inside it. French researchers discovered wide stripes along the perimeter of the pyramid at different heights with approximately 15% less density (see above picture of gravimetry of the Cheops pyramid). Areas with a density from 1.85 to 2.3 tons per 1 cubic meter are highlighted in different colors.
French scientists were unable to explain why there are sparse stripes along the walls of the pyramid, and therefore the results of the study did not receive any discussion in the scientific world.
In June 2012, in Russia, engineer Vladimir Garmatyuk revealed the “secret” of the Cheops pyramid. Obvious evidence is provided that the pyramid, like a “Russian nesting doll” inside, consists of three pyramids of three pharaohs of different times. When it became known that inside the Cheops pyramid (the third from the start of construction) there is an older (360 years earlier) second pyramid (see picture - a recessed entrance to the second closed pyramid).
And there is an even more ancient first truncated pyramid (mastaba, which reveals itself in the underground hall under the pyramid and other signs), then the stripes of material with lower density inside the Cheops pyramid found their explanation. The stripes show and confirm the separation of the bodies of the second and third pyramid.
How and with what to explain this
For the strength of the structure, the outer layer of the pyramid was laid out from hewn, tightly packed blocks. Hence the high density of the outer layer of the walls. While the inner rows of the pyramids consist of roughly fitted unhewn blocks. Therefore, the density of the inner rows of the pyramid is less.
See, for example, the picture below - the “insides” of the pyramid of Pepi II from South Saqqara. On the outside of the pyramid there are densely laid hewn blocks, and on the inside there are ordinary stones obtained from horizontal chipping of layered limestone deposits.
It is possible that the same thing happened inside the Cheops pyramid (of course, not in the central part, where the burial chambers of the pharaohs are located); a mound of stones, rubble and sand, delivered to the pyramid in baskets, was used as a volume filler. After all, this significantly reduced the cost and accelerated the construction of the pyramids. A mound of stones easily explains the same vast spaces of rarefied density that were discovered in 2017 by French and Japanese physicists when studying the inside of the pyramid with muon telescopes.
When accurately measuring the plane of the side faces of the Cheops pyramid, it is noticeable that they have some depression inward (to a depth of one meter). After all, over the 4.5 thousand years since the construction of the pyramid, there have been many earthquakes that gradually shook out its contents over and over again. And because of this, the walls (since there is loose material inside the pyramid) fell somewhat inward due to their lower density.
According to gravimetry of the Cheops pyramid (white) stripes along the perimeter of the walls of the second pyramid have a density of 1.85-2.05 tons per cubic meter. This just means that there is an embankment made of stone.
The third (outer visible today) pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops increased the sides and height of the second (inner) pyramid by 10 - 12 meters. The inner unhewn blocks of the third pyramid are laid along the dense, hewn outer walls of the second pyramid. Therefore, in 1986, French gravimetric researchers recorded a difference in the density of the material inside the pyramid; it is this difference (the difference in density) that creates the appearance of a “serpentine”. French researchers noted this circumstance, but could not explain it.
Other arguments by Jean-Pere Houdin and Bob Brier, given to prove the assumption of the “serpentine” construction of the pyramid, each have their own explanation. Researchers in 2009 did not yet know that the Cheops pyramid consists of three different pyramids. For example, longitudinal stripes of stone blocks of the same color on the edges of the Cheops pyramid, which they interpret as “dusty roads” from the transportation of blocks, are explained by the uniform color of the stones, mined in a quarry from one layer of rock.
The third pyramid was built up with stone blocks evenly along the height and perimeter onto the walls of the second pyramid, like “cream on a cake.” The stone was mined in one place, and therefore the blocks are similar in color. The order in which the stone blocks were mined was the order in which they were laid in the walls. When the blocks were taken from another place, their color was slightly different.
Or their other argument is a small pothole-deepening on the edge near the top of the pyramid, which they called a transport corridor. The pothole could have been made after the construction of the pyramid, for example, as unsuccessful attempt get inside. Or the pothole could be made like:
- guardhouse for giving signals,
as a guard post for religious, hermitage, cult or other purposes.
The fact that the Cheops pyramid consists of three different pyramids, separated by hundreds of years in construction time, means that it was built by more than one generation of people, and there was no such great construction “in one go.”
This significantly mitigates the worrying problem of the labor intensity of building a pyramid, but does not cancel or in any way reduce the grandeur of the undoubtedly greatest structure of the ancient Egyptian civilization in the history of mankind.
The most ancient wonder of the world, which we can still admire now, is the Pyramid of Cheops. Shrouded in myths and legends, the Egyptian pyramid was the largest and tallest structure for many millennia. Khufu (another name for the pyramid) is located in Giza - the popular place crowds of tourists.
History of the pyramids
The pyramids in Egypt are practically the main attraction of the country. There are many hypotheses related to their origin and construction. But they all converge on one important conclusion: the pyramids in Egypt are impressive tombs for the great inhabitants of the country (in those days these were the pharaohs). The Egyptians believed in afterworld and further life after death. It was believed that only a few were worthy of continuing the path of life after death - these were the pharaohs themselves, their families and the slaves who were constantly close to the rulers. Images of slaves and servants were painted on the walls of tombs so that after their death they could continue to serve their king. According to the ancient religion of the Egyptians, man had two inner souls, Ba and Ka. Ba left the Egyptian after his death, and Ka always acted as a virtual double and waited for him in the world of the dead.
To ensure that the pharaoh did not need anything in the afterlife, food, weapons, kitchen utensils, gold and much more were left in the pyramid tomb. In order for the body to remain unchanged and wait for the second soul of Ba, it was necessary to preserve it. This is how the birth of body embalming and the need to create pyramids arose.
The emergence of pyramids in Egypt dates back to the construction of the pyramid of Pharaoh Djoser 5 thousand years ago. The outer walls of the first pyramid were in the form of steps, which symbolized the ascent to heaven. The height of the structure was 60 meters with many corridors and several tombs. Djoser's chamber was located in the underground part of the pyramid. From royal tomb several more passages were made leading to small chambers. They contained all the accessories for the further afterlife of the Egyptians. Closer to the east, chambers for the entire family of the pharaoh were found. The structure itself was not so huge compared to the pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops, whose height was almost 3 times greater. But it is with the pyramid of Djoser that the history of the emergence of all Egyptian pyramids begins.
Very often in the photo of the Cheops pyramid you can see two more pyramids standing nearby. This famous pyramids Herfen and Mekerin. It is these three pyramids that are considered the most important assets of the country. The height of the Cheops pyramid significantly distinguishes it from the others located nearby and other pyramids in Egypt. Initially, the walls of the structure were smooth, but after long period years began to crumble. If you look at modern photos of the Cheops pyramid, you can see the relief of the facade and its unevenness, formed over millennia.
Birth of the Cheops Pyramid
Pyramid of Cheops official version was erected in the fall of 2480 BC. Date of first occurrence ancient miracle light, many historians and researchers dispute, giving arguments in favor of their arguments. The construction of the Great Pyramid lasted about 2-3 decades. More than one hundred thousand inhabitants of ancient Egypt and the best craftsmen of that time took part in it. The first step was to build a large road for the delivery of building materials, then underground passages and a mine. Most of time was spent on the construction of the upper part of the pyramid - the walls and internal passages and tombs.
There are very interesting feature buildings: the height of the Cheops pyramid in its original form and the width were 147 meters. Due to the sands filling the base of the building and sprinkling of the facing part, it decreased by 10 meters and is now 137 meters in height. The giant tomb was built mainly from huge blocks of limestone and granite, weighing about 2.5 tons, which were carefully polished so as not to lose the ideal shape of the structure. And in the tomb of the most ancient pharaoh, granite blocks were found, the weight of which reached almost 80 tons. According to Egyptologists huge stones it took about 2,300,000, which cannot but impress us all.
Doubts associated with the construction of the pyramid lay in the fact that in those dark times there were no special machines or devices capable of lifting and ideally stacking heavy blocks at a certain slope. Some believed that more than a million people took part in the construction, others that the blocks were lifted by a lifting mechanism. Everything was so thought out and as perfect as possible that without the use of concrete mortar and cement, the stones were laid in such a way that it was completely impossible to insert even thin paper between them! There is an assumption that the pyramid was created not by people at all, but by aliens or another force unknown to man.
We are based specifically on the fact that the pyramids are still the creation of people. In order to quickly remove a stone of the required size and shape from the rock, its outlines were made. A conventional shape was carved out, and dry wood was inserted there. It was regularly watered, the moisture made the tree grow larger, and under its pressure a crack formed in the rock. Now a large block was removed and given the required shape and size. The stones for construction were redirected along the river by huge boats.
To lift heavy boulders to the top, massive sleds made of wood were used. Along the gentle slope, the stones were lifted one after another by teams of hundreds of slaves.
Pyramid device
The entrance to the pyramid was not originally where it is now. It had the shape of an arch and was located on the northern side of the building with a height of more than 15 meters. In an attempt to rob the great tomb in 820, a new entrance was made, already at a height of 17 meters. But Caliph Abu Jafar, who wanted to enrich himself with the loot, did not find any jewelry or valuable things and left with nothing. It is this passage that is now open to tourists.
The pyramid consists of several long corridors leading to the tombs. Immediately after the entrance there is a common corridor that diverges into 2 tunnels leading to the central and lower part of the pyramid. For some reason, the chamber below was not completed. There is also a narrow loophole, behind which there is only a dead end and a three-meter well. Climbing up the corridor, you will find yourself in the Great Gallery. If you take the first left and walk a little, you will see the chamber of the ruler's wife. And along the corridor above is the largest one - the tomb of the pharaoh himself.
The beginning of the gallery is interesting because there is a long and narrow almost vertical Grotto built there. There is an assumption that he was there even before the foundation of the pyramid itself. Narrow passages about 20 centimeters wide were made from both tombs of the pharaoh and his wife. Presumably they were made for ventilation of the wards. There is another version that these passages and corridors are indicators of the stars: Sirius, Alnitaki and Thuban and that the pyramid served as a place for astronomical research. But there is another opinion - according to the belief in the afterlife, the Egyptians believed that the soul returned from heaven through channels.
There is one important interesting fact- the construction of the pyramid was carried out strictly at one angle of 26.5 degrees. There is every reason to assume that the inhabitants of antiquity were very well versed in geometry and the exact sciences. Just look at the proportional, even corridors and ventilation ducts.
Not far from the pyramid itself, Egyptian cedar boats were found during excavations. They were made of pure wood without a single nail. One of the ball's boats is divided into 1224 parts. The restorer Ahamed Yussuf Mustafa managed to assemble it. To achieve this, the architect had to spend 14 years; such high patience in the name of science can only be envied. Today the assembled boat can be admired in the bizarrely shaped museum. It is located on the south side of the Great Pyramid.
Unfortunately, you cannot shoot video or take photographs inside the pyramid itself. But you can take many incredible pictures against the backdrop of this creation. Various souvenirs are also sold here so that an excursion to these enchanting places can remind you of itself for a long time.
Photos of the Cheops pyramid, of course, do not reflect all the greatness and uniqueness of this structure. With us you will plunge into history and look at the world with different eyes!
The pyramid is part of the ritual and funeral complex of the earthly ruler: the pharaoh. Therefore, despite all the differences, all pyramids, in addition to the general shape, also have a common internal structure, which is due to the mandatory presence of a hall in which the pharaoh’s sarcophagus and the passages leading to it were installed. Let's see how they work Egyptian pyramids inside using the example of the tomb of Cheops - the tallest stone structure in the world.
The only entrance, which was provided by the ancient builders, is on the north side of the pyramid structure at a height of 12 meters from the ground. Once upon a time, this entrance was hidden by cladding slabs, but already at the end of the 18th century, the first European scientists who explored this wonder of the world - the French - saw it open, since by that time people had deprived time ancient building facing slabs.
A corridor with an almost square cross-section leads inside the Cheops pyramid. The angle of inclination of the corridor, apparently, was not chosen arbitrarily - it coincides with the angle at which the ancient Egyptians could observe the North Star. Therefore, the first explorers had to face certain difficulties - then there were no railings, which are now made for the convenience of tourists, and their feet slid along the polished stone floor slabs. And the ventilation back then was incomparably worse than it is today (although even now it is far from ideal). The corridor sometimes narrowed to such an extent that we had to crawl on our haunches. Now, again for the benefit of tourists, everything has been “tweaked”.
Pyramid of Cheops inside
Unlike most other similar structures in Egypt, which have one burial chamber, the most famous pyramidal collos has three. One of them - underground - is located below the base of the structure, carved directly into the natural foundation. However, this camera was not completely finished. Apparently, the builders’ plans have changed, and the other two chambers are now located directly in the above-ground stone body of the giant structure. For a long time, scientists explained this by saying that the pharaoh wanted the tomb to be ready for a possible funeral ceremony at any stage of construction. And when the builders began building the next chamber, located above, the need for an underground chamber was no longer necessary.
This theory does not explain why all other similar structures have a burial chamber below the base line. Only the pyramids of the pharaohs Snefru and Cheops have burial chambers inside, higher than the base, in the thickness of the masonry. A significant number of modern Egyptologists believe that this arrangement of the chambers in the tomb of Cheops was associated with certain religious views of the ancient inhabitants of Egypt. Briefly, this theory goes like this. There are facts that allow us to conclude that Cheops began to be revered as the god Ra during his lifetime.
The pyramid of this pharaoh is called the “Horizon of Khufu”, which meant that he, like the god Ra himself, rises to the horizon every day. The sons and successors of Cheops, Djedefre and Khafre, became the first pharaohs whose titles contained the epithet “son of Ra.” That is, Khufu was identified with Ra, therefore his burial chamber should be located above the earth and closer to the sky - where the real sun is visible. True, it should be noted that in relation to Pharaoh Snefru, no facts have yet been found that would allow us to interpret the location of his burial chamber in a similar way.
But let's return again to what constitutes Cheops pyramid inside. From the corridor leading down into the underground chamber, approximately at ground level, a passage leading upward begins. From it you can get into a small gallery, and then into a small chamber, called the queen's chamber. 
One of the underground "interchanges" If you do not turn towards the queen’s room, but go further, you will see the Great Gallery, which is 47 meters long and 8.5 meters high. This magnificent gallery is a unique architectural structure. The ancient craftsmen laid the limestone slabs of the false vault in such a way that each subsequent layer overlapped the previous one by 5-6 cm. The limestone slabs framing the walls were polished to a shine and hewn together with amazing precision - even the blade of a thin knife could not pass through the joints . There are notches carved into the floor that allow you to move without having to hold on to the smooth walls.
After the Great Gallery there is a small airlock room leading to the room called the King's Chamber. Its dimensions are:
- length - 10.5 m;
- width – 5.2 m;
- height – 5.8 meters.
The chamber lining is made of slabs pink granite. Five unloading chambers were erected above the ceiling, the top of which has a gable roof made of giant granite blocks. They take on the enormous weight of the stone mass, preventing it from crushing the pharaoh’s burial chamber. It should also be noted that the pharaoh's camera is precisely oriented to the cardinal points.
At the western wall (the afterlife for the Egyptians began in the west) there is a massive sarcophagus carved from a monolithic block of pink granite. The sarcophagus has no lid. Also, no traces of the pharaoh's mummy were found. That is, there is no evidence that the Cheops pyramid was ever used for an actual funeral. However, no other burial place of Pharaoh Cheops has yet been discovered, nor has his mummy been found. Nevertheless, Egyptologists have enough grounds to say that the pyramids are part of the ritual and funerary complex, and not something else.
When the first European explorers discovered the pharaoh's sarcophagus at the end of the 18th century, they did not yet know exactly for whom this tomb, as they thought, was built, or what the name of the ancient ruler of Egypt was. Only later were several hieroglyphs surrounded by an oval frame discovered above the burial chamber. In fairness, it should be noted that some Egyptologists consider this inscription to be a much later forgery, and there are certain reasons for this. We were able to read the inscription thanks to scientific discoveries Champollion, who by that time had already deciphered the language of the ancient Egyptians. It turned out that this was the name of the pharaoh, by whose order this main and first wonder of the world was built. The pharaoh's name was Khufu (the Greeks called him Cheops), and he ruled according to modern scientific ideas in the 28th-27th centuries. BC, that is, about 4700 years ago.
The mystery of the mysterious canals
Speaking about the structure of the Cheops pyramid, one cannot help but say that both the queen’s chamber and the king’s chamber are equipped with ascending in the northern and south direction inclined shafts-channels of square cross-section with an average size of 20x20 cm. Until recently, it was believed that they served as ventilation ducts. However, if two passages extending from the pharaoh’s burial chamber pass through the body of the structure and go outside, then the two passages from the queen’s chamber cannot be ventilation ducts - they end in the masonry itself far from the outer surfaces of the walls (see diagram above).
Since 1993, attempts have been made using various technical devices to understand what purpose they were intended for. German engineers have designed a special robot capable of crawling through such narrow mines. But in both the southern shaft and the northern one, the robot ran into an obstacle, which was a kind of plate with two protrusions (handles?) that looked like metal (copper?). An attempt was made to drill through one of the partitions, but the video camera that the robot pushed into the drilled hole showed that the small space behind the slab again ended in a new stone partition.
It was decided to continue the research by preparing new technical equipment, but the events in Egypt that occurred at the beginning of 2011 postponed it indefinitely.
In the light of new data, a scientific hypothesis has become widespread that these mines performed certain ritual tasks associated with the religious beliefs of the ancients. There is also a simpler hypothesis that originally these were actually ventilation ducts. But as the structure rose higher and higher, it was decided to build a third burial chamber - the king's chamber. And the passages leading from the queen’s chamber were blocked by the builders as unnecessary. This hypothesis is indirectly confirmed by the fact that the entrances to the mines from the side of the queen’s chamber itself were walled up and were found only after a thorough examination.
Internal structure of the Cheops pyramid from an engineering and construction point of view, the most complex of all such structures Ancient Egypt. All other Egyptian pyramids inside look approximately the same as the great pyramidal structure of Cheops, but in general, inside the pyramids of other pharaohs have a simpler structure, with the exception of the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser in Saqqara, which has a branched system underground passages and premises at its base.
It will also be interesting to watch.
One of the greatest structures of the ancient world is located in Egypt. This structure, since its completion, has amazed us with its grandeur and impeccable geometry. It was not for nothing that the ancient Greeks included the Cheops pyramid in their list of seven wonders of the world. This is the only miracle that has survived to this day.
The Pyramid of Cheops has become a real masterpiece. Modern researchers are amazed at the rigor of proportions and accuracy of geometric dimensions, which the ancient Egyptians handled brilliantly. Some Egyptologists seriously believe that the builders of the 26th century BC could not have built such a structure in 22 years. They adhere to the theory of the extraterrestrial origin of the pyramids.
The point of view of these researchers has a right to exist, especially since the arguments they present sometimes baffle their opponents. The location of the pyramid and its proportions are so precise that to position it in accordance with the cardinal directions would require modern builders to use the most accurate geodetic instruments. If the exact location of the Cheops pyramid on the cardinal points is an accident, then the accident is very happy.
The current proportions of the pyramid of Cheops, or Khufu, are not what they were originally. Scientists were able to determine that the maximum height of the pyramid in 2568 BC was 146.6 meters. The ratio of height and base is thus 3.14..., that is, the number “Pi” from geometry. The point is the accuracy in which the ratio repeats the number “Pi”. This precision is six decimal places. Archimedes did not know this meaning; he would have envied such accuracy, no doubt.
On the day of completion of construction, the Cheops pyramid was 146.6 meters high. However, now its height is much less than its original height. There are two reasons for this decrease. One of a natural nature is erosion. The second reason is artificial. Her name is human...
In 1301, Cairo experienced an earthquake. Most of the houses have turned into piles of rubbish. The same fate befell mosques with elaborate minarets. After the first shock, the Cairo authorities turned to a real treasure trove of building materials - the pagan pyramids. They were seduced by the polished limestone slabs that lined the pyramids. Following the path of least resistance, by reducing overhead costs, the Arabs began to remove the outer cladding of the pyramids. Now only part of the cladding on the upper tiers of the Pyramid of Khafre has been preserved. There is no outer cladding left on the Cheops pyramid.
As a result of barbaric dismantling, the height of the tallest pyramid in Egypt decreased by more than eight meters. Today's sources talking about the height of the Cheops pyramid do not shine with uniformity. The difference is 10-20 centimeters. On the one hand, such a discrepancy in data outrages pedants and lovers of accuracy. On the other hand, 10-20 centimeters do not determine anything now. After all, the original proportions are broken irrevocably and forever.
The Arabs who dismantled the pyramids did not ask themselves subtle scientific questions. They were not interested in the theories put forward by modern scientists. They were interested in immediate solutions to everyday problems. They did not hesitate to damage one of the seven wonders of the world. We can complain for a long time about the Arabs of the early 14th century. We can complain about inaccuracies in determining the real height of the pyramid. We can make hypotheses regarding the creators of the pyramids. But the pyramids don't care. They continue to exist and will outlive us with our emotions. They will continue to delight and awe visitors who will disturb their centuries-old peace.
Sarcophagus, internal corridors, unloading chambers, solar boat, companion pyramids, queen's treasures.
The diagonal of one of the faces of the Cheops pyramid is directed along the meridian exactly to the North Pole, and with an error less than that of the Paris Observatory. In addition, the pyramids “reflect” the location of the constellation Orion, and the top of the Great Pyramid looks exactly at the North Star.
The Great Pyramid consists of three chambers, which corresponded to the three stages of its construction. Pharaoh wanted to have a ready-made tomb at his disposal at any time.
The first chamber is carved into the rock at a depth of approximately 30 m below the base; it is not located exactly in its center.
The area of the chamber is 8 x 14 m, height - 3.5 m. This chamber, like the second, remained unfinished.
The second chamber is located in the core of the pyramid, exactly below its top, at a height of about 20 m above the base of the structure. Its area is 5.7 x 5.2 m. The vaulted ceiling reaches a height of 6.7 m. Previously, it was called the queen’s tomb.
The third chamber was the tomb of the pharaoh. She is the only one of all three that is complete. It was in this room that the sarcophagus was found. This chamber was built 42.2 m above the base, slightly south of the pyramid's axis. The length of this room from east to west is 10.4 m, from north to south - 5.2 m. The ceiling height reaches 5.8 m.
Pharaoh's tomb
This room was magnificently tiled with immaculately fitted granite slabs. The ceiling is formed by nine monoliths, the weight of which is 400 tons. Above the ceiling there are 5 unloading chambers, the total height of which is 17 m. The uppermost one ends with a gable roof, constructed from huge blocks that bear the weight of approximately 1,000,000 tons of stone mass and are designed so that it does not press directly on the burial room.
According to one theory, pyramids are the most powerful energy center Earth. They say that the meridian on which the top of the Cheops pyramid is located divides the surface of land and sea equally. The parallel passing through the center of the pyramid also divides the planet into two equal parts according to the amount of water and land.
All three chambers have so-called hallways, connected by corridors or shafts. Some shafts in the lower chambers end in a dead end. They were hewn into the stonework at a later time. Two such shafts are laid from the royal tomb to the surface of the pyramid and come out almost in the middle of the northern and southern walls. We do not know their original purpose, but undoubtedly, among other things, they were supposed to provide ventilation.
At first, after construction, the entrance to the pyramid was located on the north side at a height of 25 m above the base. Nowadays, the pyramid can be entered from another entrance, located approximately 15 m below the original one, almost in the very middle of the northern side. You have to walk crouching along a narrow and low horizontal corridor 40 m long, since it was not cut through for the convenience of numerous tourists and is the result of the long labors of ancient robbers.
At the end of this corridor there is a wooden staircase, climbing which the visitor will find himself in a low granite room, which is something like a hallway. Entering it, a person finds himself in the very heart of the pyramid.
The Great Gallery is a unique structure, even on the scale of a grandiose structure such as the Great Pyramid. Its length seems endless, as the polished walls reflect the light of the electric lamps installed recently and illuminate the room, like ancient metal plates. Thanks to this effect, the entrance rectangle is completely lost from sight.
The length of the gallery is 47 m and the height is 8.5 m. The elevation angle is 26°. Limestone facing slabs are laid on top of each other in 8 layers, each subsequent layer extends 5-6 cm beyond the previous one.
Even with modern technology, pyramids would be very difficult to build. Japanese enthusiasts tried to work using ancient technologies, but this also turned out to be an impossible task. The mounds for raising the blocks were supposed to be huge, like the pyramid itself, but they collapsed under their own weight.
The sarcophagus is wider than the entrance to the burial chamber. It is carved from a single piece of brown-gray granite, there is no date or inscription on it, and the whole thing is quite badly damaged. The sarcophagus stands directly on the floor in the western corner of the chamber. Most likely, no one ever moved it from its place. It looks like it was cast from metal. Naturally, not a trace remains of the person for whose eternal peace it was intended.
Construction around the Cheops pyramid
The Great Pyramid is surrounded by equally labor-intensive and expensive buildings. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus, describing the 18-meter-high road leading from the upper (mortuary) to the lower temple and lined with polished slabs, said that the work on its construction was almost as enormous as the construction of the pyramid itself.
Currently, only a few meters of this road remain. Lepsius and some other Egyptologists were lucky enough to find its remains with fragments of decorative reliefs. The road was razed to the ground at the end of the 19th century during the construction of the village of Nazlat es-Simman, which, like Giza, is now part of Greater Cairo.
The lower temple once stood on the territory of this village. It was distinguished by its extraordinary beauty, rising 30 m above the ground. Most likely, people destroyed it in ancient times, seduced by the excellent building material.
Of the numerous buildings that once surrounded the pyramid of Cheops, only the ruins of the upper (mortuary) temple, as well as three satellite pyramids, have now survived. Traces of the upper temple were discovered by the Egyptian explorer Abu Seif in 1939. After World War II, these excavations were completed by Lauer.
Traditionally, the temple was located east of the pyramid. The length of its pediment was 100 Egyptian cubits (about 52 m). It was built from Tours limestone. There were 38 square granite pillars in the temple courtyard. In the vestibule in front of the small shrine there were 12 more similar pillars.
On both sides of the sanctuary, at a distance of approximately 10 m, archaeologists discovered two so-called docks, carved out of a limestone plateau, in which, apparently, they were stored. solar boats. A third such dock was found to the left of the road leading to the lower temple.
All three discovered docks were, unfortunately, empty. However, in 1954, fate gave archaeologists an unexpected gift in the form of two more similar docks. One of them turned out to be a room for an excellently preserved boat, which today is the oldest ship in the world. Its length reached 44 m, and it was made of cedar.
After extraction, the boat was preserved and placed in a specially built pavilion located near the pyramid.
Pyramids - companions
The satellite pyramids, like the temple, are located east of the Great Pyramid. It should be noted that they were usually built south of the main tomb. Most likely, religious traditions were violated due to the difficulties associated with the terrain. The pyramids stand in height from north to south. The side of the square base of the first pyramid is 49.5, the second - 49, the third - 46.9 m.
Each of the companion pyramids had a stone fence, a funeral chapel and a burial chamber with a room that served as an entrance hall, into which a steep shaft led. According to the most common hypothesis, these pyramids were intended for the wives of Cheops. The first of them, the so-called main one, according to ancient tradition, was obviously his sister.
All three satellite pyramids are well preserved, having lost only the outer cladding. Underground structures and the surrounding area were thoroughly examined.
According to some information, it was planned to build a larger one to the east of the first pyramid, but its construction was stopped even before the completion of work in the burial chamber. Reisner theorized that it must have served as a tomb for Cheops' mother Hetepheres (Sneferu's wife), since the tomb in which she was originally buried was looted shortly after the queen's death.
Treasures of the Queen's Tomb
T. Fisanovich
Secrets of the ancient pyramids
Great Pyramids at Giza. Pyramids of Egypt.
Pyramids of SneferuGreat Pyramids
Internal structure of the Cheops pyramid
Pyramid of Khafre
Pyramid of Menkaure
Great Sphinx
The oldest information about the Great Pyramids
Secrets of the Great Pyramids
The check showed that the stones (from which the pyramid is made) are 8000 years old. And Cheops lived no earlier than 4000 years ago. 80 centuries ago people were still learning how to smelt bronze. Who built the pyramids in the desert? And there are the same ones on Mars. (http://svetorussie.narod.ru/MARS/Piramidy_i_lico_na_Marse.htm)
30.05.09
Crazy God
I think it has long been clear that the pyramids were built long before the Egyptians highly developed civilization. they were only able to use it as a grave)))
28.03.09
ali-balala
It looks like another rehash of interpretations on the topic “what Herodotus meant.” And in his text it says, if you look not at the translations and translations from translations, not “mechanisms,” but “devices made from short pieces of wood.” In all respects, the simplest “sleepers” of E. Diomedi are suitable for what the builders Sneferu and Khufu actually used.
Moreover, it is fundamentally impossible to use any individual numerous “mechanisms” in their conditions: they are inadequately slow and on the masonry ledges (their width at best is 80 - 70 cm) it is unacceptably cramped for them and working with them. And any attempts to expand them lead to stone-earth and transport work on a larger scale than for the Pyramid itself.
06.12.08
Rustem
If anyone is interested in exact numbers (and they are more impressive than volumes of general doxologies): F. Petrie identified the following royal cubit (no need to find fault with the fourth and further digits after the decimal point, this is the arithmetic average of measurements on the ground): 524.0524 plus or minus 0 ,1016 mm. Multiply by 280 and 440 - and you get the DESIGN (i.e., theoretically desired by their creators) overall dimensions of the Cheops pyramid. But here are the base lengths they actually got: 230,358 mm, 230,251 mm, 230,391 mm and 230,583 mm. Angles between them: 89 degrees 59 minutes 58 seconds, 90 g 03 m 02 s, 89 g 56 m 27 s, 90 g 00 m 33 s.
15.12.06
Rustem
They write that it is ideally located on the north-south line... How to understand - the diagonal of the base is located in the north-south or middle line grounds? :(
22.05.06
, [email protected], Vlas
How to make a mini-pyramid at home? :) how many centimeters of height do you need to make? =)
22.05.06
, [email protected], Vlas
How to position the pyramid relative to the milky way? Can you help?
23.04.06
, [email protected], Dmitriy
well idiots...
05.04.06
, burning
there is a useful little book by Peter Tomkins, “The Secrets of the Great Pyramid”, and “The Secret Doctrine”, of course
27.01.06
, [email protected] yuri
Eternal PYRAMIDS!!! Eternal theme- to solve their riddle... It would be nice if the information was even closer to the truth, otherwise wherever you read about PYRAMIDS, there are different numbers everywhere. Of course, it’s 240 meters or 220, there’s almost no difference, but even if they can’t measure it accurately, then how can we talk about everything else. By the way, about the SPHINX. Some fairly respectable articles define its length as 73 meters and its height as 15 meters, while in other articles it is 50 meters and 20 meters, respectively. Sorry, this is no longer a small matter. Where is the TRUTH?
19.01.06
, Alex
Look, build a new one :) That’s a lot of concrete needed! Who will pay?
14.01.06
, Alexander
The Cheops Pyramid is the most fascinating and most terrible thing that can happen to a person... Its CRAZY size leaves an indelible impression on the subconscious of a person who spends more time in it than expected... I am drawn to it... to its mysteries... I want to go to her.....
19.11.05
, Kelly
Not bad, make more pictures/photos and more mesmerizing design...
19.11.05
, Kelly
For 15 years I have been deciphering the proportions of the Cheops pyramid - I called it the “Divine Scheme”, to which many ancient monuments are subordinate
31.10.05
, [email protected] plescom
The pyramid is a tool for entering a communication channel through which you can obtain information about the future and the past. The dimensions and proportions of the Cheops pyramid correspond to the Fibonacci numbers (L-233, H-147 (d.b. 144, mass ~ 57,000,000 tons, d.b. 56,470,871 tons). Zero fractal or golden ratio. Everything living and non-living is subordinated this or other number series. In nature, there are no sizes and proportions. The structure of objects is in a completely strict numerical series. The parameters of the pyramid affect biological processes in the human body, affect the organs of perception. The pyramid interacts with the gravitational, spatial and temporal parameters of the earth, the nearest and deep space. A person who finds himself inside a pyramid within a few hours (up to 24 hours) acquires knowledge about the past and present. Napoleon Bonaparte was one of three people in Europe who spent 24 hours in the pyramid. Their impressions and new knowledge are like those of people who came into contact with the fact that a person does not have the right to know, cannot be explained from the standpoint of modern science. All three Europeans experienced what people who visited Tibet experienced. There is an opinion that the Tibetan mountains and the pyramids of Egypt are connected with each other, that some mountains of Tibet are of artificial origin and are essentially pyramids, but only much larger in size. The colossal mass of the pyramid, the absence of vibration and sound inside the pyramid (the chambers of the pyramid) should greatly influence the human psyche and change its functioning.
26.09.05
, [email protected], Valriy
write to me please who was the first to enter the pyramid of Cheops
07.05.05
, [email protected], Sancho
What a pyramid!!! The construction of the pyramids was carried out by the Egyptians. And there is no point in flattering anyone else there. These are not just beautiful figures - this is their life.
13.03.05
, Nati
We kindly ask everyone who likes this topic to send me links on this topic. Thank you in advance [email protected]
21.12.04
, [email protected], Alyona
Why not build a super pyramid now, so that archaeologists will have something to do in the future?
06.12.04
, LI
And I want a pyramid!!!
29.10.04
, Vika
But how to build a pyramid for yourself, a living person, because somewhere you came across descriptions... Or is this all nonsense? Maybe you need a scale? And important...
29.03.04
, [email protected], Alexander
