The Titanic was considered unsinkable, but on its first voyage it hit an iceberg and sank. Approximately 1,500 people died. Since then, the wreckage of the giant ship lies on the bottom of the North Atlantic at a depth of 3,800 m.
Scientists have managed to create the most accurate map to date of the site of the tragedy that happened on April 14, 1912. Some took about 130,000 photographs and recordings of sound waves. Usually the grave of a famous cruise ship is in absolute darkness.
Computer model of the Titanic wreck
The images were taken in 2010 from two remotely controlled submarines. The Titanic and the seabed were filmed and measured using sound waves. Particular attention was paid to the piles of debris. Oceanographers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the US state of Massachusetts and the American meteorological service NOAA provided support to the researchers. Now the History Channel television company will present the results to the public.
Images of an 8-by-5-kilometer section of the seafloor show what happened on an April night 100 years ago, says Paul-Henry Nargeolet, the expedition's leader. Tracks on the bottom, for example, prove that the ship's stern rotated as it sank, like the back of a helicopter.
Also at the bottom are five large steam boilers, a hatch, a revolving door, a piece of ship's hull weighing 49 tons, and other items that apparently sank to the bottom upon impact. Now computer simulations, based on photographs, are expected to show the exact course of events during this historic disaster. Perhaps new data will be obtained about defects in the design of this huge ship, which was considered a miracle of technology
Map of the Titanic wreck
DESCRIPTION OF THE SHIP: Titanic is a British transatlantic steamer, the second liner of the Olympic class. Built in Belfast at the Harland and Wolfe shipyard from 1909 to 1912 for the White Star Line shipping company. At the time of commissioning it was the largest ship in the world. On the night of April 14-15, 1912, during the first voyage, it crashed in North Atlantic colliding with an iceberg. The Titanic was equipped with two four-cylinder steam engines and a steam turbine. All power point had a power of 55,000 hp. With. The ship could reach speeds of up to 23 knots (42 km/h). Its displacement, which exceeded the twin steamer Olympic by 243 tons, was 52,310 tons. The ship's hull was made of steel. The hold and lower decks were divided into 16 compartments by bulkheads with sealed doors. If the bottom was damaged, the double bottom prevented water from entering the compartments. Shipbuilder magazine called the Titanic virtually unsinkable, a statement that was widely circulated in the press and among the public. In accordance with outdated rules, the Titanic was equipped with 20 lifeboats, with a total capacity of 1,178 people, which was only a third of the ship's maximum load. The cabins and public areas of the Titanic were divided into three classes. First class passengers were provided with a swimming pool, a squash court, an A la carte restaurant, two cafes, and a gym. All classes had dining and smoking lounges, open and closed promenades. The most luxurious and sophisticated were the first class interiors, made in various artistic styles using expensive materials such as mahogany, gilding, stained glass, silk and others. The third class cabins and salons were decorated as simply as possible: steel walls were painted white or lined with wood panels.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DISASTER: On April 10, 1912, the Titanic set sail from Southampton on its first and only voyage. Having made stops in French Cherbourg and Irish Queenstown, the ship went to Atlantic Ocean with 1317 passengers and 908 crew members on board. The ship was commanded by Captain Edward Smith. On April 14, the Titanic's radio station received seven ice warnings, but the liner continued to move almost at top speed. To avoid meeting with floating ice, the captain ordered to go a little south of the usual route. At 23:39 on April 14, the lookout reported to the captain's bridge about an iceberg directly ahead. Less than a minute later there was a collision. Having received several holes, the ship began to sink. Women and children were put on the boats first. At 2:20 on April 15, the Titanic sank, breaking into two parts, killing 1,496 people. 712 survivors were picked up by the steamship Carpathia.
SEARCHING FOR WRECKS: The wreckage of the Titanic rests at a depth of 3750 m. It was first discovered by Robert Ballard's expedition in 1985. Subsequent expeditions recovered thousands of artifacts from the bottom. The bow and stern parts are deeply buried in the bottom silt and are in a deplorable condition; raising them to the surface intact is not possible.
WHERE THE TITANIC SINKED: This question has received many answers from Internet users. Here are some of them:
1. For a long time, the exact coordinates of the location of the Titanic wreckage were kept secret and only inaccurate coordinates from the Titanic SOS were mentioned - “41 degrees 46 minutes North and 50 degrees 14 minutes West,” but after UNESCO recognized the Titanic wreckage cultural heritage and took them under protection; the actual coordinates were published.
2. The wreck of the largest steamship at that time, the Titanic, occurred during its maiden voyage on the night of April 14-15, 1912 in the northern waters of the Atlantic Ocean, 645 kilometers west of Newdowland Island.
3. The Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean more than halfway from Great Britain to New York on April 14, 1912, after hitting an iceberg. The remains of the Titanic lie on the bottom of the Atlantic, south of the Great Newfoundland Bank, at a depth of 3.75 km, but not compactly: the bow part, which sank first, is separate, 700 meters to the south is the stern part of the Titanic, and there are debris around several hundred meters and individual components of the vessel.
4. The sinking of the Titanic is one of the biggest tragedies in the world. This happened on April 14, 1912. The Titanic was making its maiden voyage, collided with an iceberg and sank in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Canada.
5. The Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean. Twenty-five minutes after the Titanic's collision with the iceberg, at the captain's command, the radio operator sent the first signal asking for help and indicated the coordinates - 41 degrees 46 minutes north latitude and 50 degrees 14 minutes west longitude. The approximate coordinates of the location of the ship's remains are 41.43.16 N and 49.56.27 W. Approximate because the two largest parts of the ship are located at a distance of 600 meters from each other, and small parts are scattered within a radius of 3-4 kilometers. By the way, the underwater canyon where the Titanic sank now bears the name of the lost ship. (source National Geographic) The site of the sinking of the Titanic has now been determined precisely, and if we take as the reference point the location of the steam boilers that fell out of the interior of the broken, sinking ship and rapidly fell to the bottom almost vertically, then the coordinates of the site of the Titanic disaster are as follows: 41°43 "35" N and 49 ° 56 "50" W.
6. The Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean before reaching Bermuda. The exact coordinates are still disputed. "California" gave only coordinates by which it is known where exactly the collision with the iceberg occurred - at a point with coordinates 41 degrees 46 seconds; north latitude and 50 degrees 14 seconds; western longitude, but then it was found that they had calculated them incorrectly. After the collision, the ship continued to move for some time before it sank.
7. The Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean, a little more than five hundred kilometers west of Newdowland Island. The exact coordinates of the site of the sinking of the Titanic are considered to be: 41 degrees 43 minutes 57 seconds north latitude and 49 degrees 56 minutes 49 seconds west longitude. This is the nose part. The stern part is located in a slightly different place: 41 degrees 43 minutes 35 seconds north latitude and 49 degrees 56 minutes 54 seconds west longitude.
8. If you are interested in the coordinates of the shipwreck, that is, the exact place where the Titanic sank, then it is 645 km west of the island called Newfoundland. By the way, they learned about the exact location of the Titanic’s wreck only in 1985. In 2012, the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the Titanic was celebrated. This was the first and last flight Titanic.
9. The place where the Titanic sank has coordinates: 41 degrees 46 minutes north latitude and 50 degrees 14 minutes west longitude.
10. The Titanic sank off the coast of Canada during its very maiden voyage on April 14, 1912. Coordinates: 41°43min.55sec. north lat. 49°56 min.45 sec. zap. duty. The sinking of the Titanic impressed and continues to impress - the famous film Titanic only fueled interest in the disaster.
11. The Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean on April 14, 1912. The exact coordinates of his shipwreck are 41 degrees 46 minutes north latitude and 50 degrees 14 minutes west longitude. Director James Cameron even made the film Titanic based on this event.
12. An expedition was able to determine the exact location where the remains of the Titanic liner are located only in 1985. The Titanic is located at a depth of 3925 meters in the Atlantic Ocean, 375 miles from the island of Newfoundland. © site 
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At the time of its construction, the Titanic was considered the largest passenger airliner peace. On the maiden voyage from Southampton to New York on April 14, 1912. The Titanic collided with an iceberg and sank 2 hours and 40 minutes later. There were 1,316 passengers and 908 crew members on board, for a total of 2,224 people. Of these, 711 people were saved, 1513 died.
Scientists have managed to recreate the most complete map of the site of the Titanic tragedy. 130 thousand photographs taken by robots in the depths of the Atlantic Ocean were used. The map shows wreckage and belongings scattered over 15 square miles.
The remains of the Titanic were found on September 1, 1985, 13 miles from the place where, according to preliminary information, it sank at a depth of 3,800 m.
Because the stern and bow parts of the ship did not sink at the same time and now lie 1,970 feet apart, the area around 3-5 miles is littered with wreckage from the ship.
A detailed image could shed light on what happened after the "unsinkable" liner hit an iceberg and sank.
"If we are to explore the site of the Titanic through the testimony of those who survived, we must understand the nature and physical condition of what still lies at the bottom," said David Gallo, leader of the expedition to investigate the sinking of the ship.
This is not the first time a disaster site has been mapped. The first attempts began shortly after the sunken liner was discovered. The researchers used photographs taken by remotely operated cameras that did not venture far from the bow and stern.
Thus, all previous maps are incomplete and cover only fragments of the disaster area.
Creation of a detailed map of the wreck began in the summer of 2010 as part of a project aimed at "virtually recreating" the Titanic "and preserving its legacy for all time."
During the expedition, autonomous underwater vehicles surveyed the accessible surface using side-scan sonars. The wreckage was then secured vehicles remote control equipped with cameras.
Resulting in 130,000 photos high resolution were compiled on a computer to provide a detailed map of the Titanic and the surrounding seabed.
"The images are amazing. There you are on the ocean floor and moving around on the seabed. Even the Titanic survivors look at it with their jaws dropped," Gallo said.
The new findings will be detailed in a two-hour documentary on the History channel on April 15, exactly 100 years after the sinking of the Titanic.
During the show, a computer simulation will recreate the dive in reverse. In a virtual hangar, the remains of the Titanic will be raised to the surface and assembled into a ship.
Particular attention was paid to the piles of debris. Oceanographers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the US state of Massachusetts and the American meteorological service NOAA provided support to the researchers. Now the History Channel television company will present the results to the public.
Now computer simulations, based on photographs, are expected to show the exact course of events during this historic disaster. Perhaps new data will be obtained about defects in the design of this huge ship, which was considered a miracle of technology
A team of American researchers using sonar images and more than 100,000 photographs taken by underwater robots have created a detailed map of the location of the wreckage of the famous Titanic. The map shows hundreds of pieces of the Titanic's wreckage after the ship broke in half, sank and sank to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. The two halves of the Titanic rest almost half a mile apart, and the wreckage is scattered over a radius of 3-5 miles. Two special autonomous robots were used for filming. Moving along a given coordinate grid at a speed of 3 miles per hour, they scanned the ocean floor with sonar around the clock. The resulting 130,000 high-resolution images were then stitched together on a computer to create a detailed map of the location of the wreckage.
For nearly three-quarters of a century, the Titanic's exact location on the ocean floor was a mystery. However, even when in 1985, researchers discovered the Titanic's wreck site, they could not fully understand what exactly happened on that terrible night when the liner sank.
Now, by examining the location of all the wreckage, researchers can answer questions about how the ship fell apart, how it sank down, and whether there was a fatal flaw in its design. This detailed mapping of the area of the ocean floor where the Titanic's wreckage landed provides new clues to what happened. According to Dirk Hoogstra, senior vice president of RMS Titanic Inc. (the company that owns the rights to recover property from the Titanic): “We now have a vision of the complete picture of the entire accident, which no one has ever seen. With the data we now have, we are able to reconstruct exactly how the crash occurred. These are amazingly innovative things."
For example, characteristic marks on the bottom indicate that the stern part sank, rotating. Falling to a depth of 2.5 miles, the stern picked up quite a high speed and buried itself deeply in the ground. Bow The Titanic, on the contrary, plunged vertically downwards, but “landed” quite softly. Of course, it was already well known that the two halves of the ship's hull rested almost half a mile apart. However, previous maps of the wreckage were incomplete. As Parks Stephenson, a famous researcher of the history of the Titanic, said, navigating using old maps was like being in a dark room with a weak flashlight, but now it’s like turning on the light in this room. Nothing like this has ever been done before. Newly mapped features include a huge tangle of deckhouse debris, a large piece of the ship's side, a hatch cover that blew off the bow, the ship's five huge steam boilers, a revolving door, and even a lightning rod from the mast.
Full details of the research will be shown on the History Channel in a two-hour documentary. The premiere is timed to coincide with the centenary of the famous shipwreck and will take place on April 15.
Those wishing to learn more about the tragedy can visit the RMS Titanic Inc. website. On the site you will make a virtual expedition to the legendary sunken steamship. “Diving” to a depth of two and a half miles, you can use photographs, video materials and 3D computer graphics to study in detail everything that remains of the Titanic.(jcomments on)
Hello, my dear readers! Today I would like to talk about serious, even more tragic, things. On April 15, the whole world celebrates a sad event... This is the date of the death of the Titanic, which contemporaries considered an unsinkable liner.
The surprising fact is that until now, despite official version disaster, there are different opinions and versions of what happened on that ill-fated night.
The place where the Titanic sank
The Titanic was rightfully considered the most luxurious ship of the early last century, so the news of its death shocked the entire world community. According to official figures, about 1,500 people died, including passengers and crew members. Despite the fact that the twentieth century brought many disasters, catastrophes and wars, the tragedy of the Titanic remains an equally tragic event, the interest in which continues to this day. The event that occurred near the island of Newfoundland on the night of April 14-15 was overgrown with many rumors and speculations that have a sufficient number of followers.
The place where the Titanic sank on the map has the following coordinates - 41046′ north latitude and 50014′ west longitude.
However, it was subsequently found that the stated data was incorrect, so even now there is no accurate information regarding the exact coordinates of the crash site. This is not the only oddity that accompanied this whole story, so let's try to understand some versions of what happened, because the tragedy itself is not limited to just a collision with an iceberg, it is more extensive and complex.
Versions of the tragedy
Perhaps we will not know until the end the whole truth of that night, despite the investigations carried out. Of course, they brought some clarity to what happened, but there are still a lot of “blank spots” that still remain a mystery. Some evidence contradicted others, some evidence, if checked and studied in more detail, became more than doubtful - all this gave rise to many speculations and legends on this topic, which have their followers even today.
Some of these versions may seem incredible, but history shows us that a rational explanation for what is happening may not always be possible. Be that as it may, we need to talk about it, seek the truth, and then the truth will make us stronger. Another question is that the truth can hardly be known to you and me - ordinary inhabitants who get information from the Internet. In any case, we can study different versions and reasons for what happened, and everyone will decide for themselves which of them is close to them personally.
The first version is a conspiracy of the powers that be
We all love conspiracy theories, some of which smack a little of schizophrenia and paranoia. However, some facts seem so indisputable that you inevitably move from the category of skeptics to the group of doubters, at least. In the story of the Titanic, everything is also very mysterious and controversial. But let's start from the beginning.
Many people agree that the Titanic disaster was planned in advance. No matter how crazy it may sound, several interesting facts indicate this. For example, John Morgan, a famous American billionaire and part-time owner of the company that owned the liner, canceled his ticket exactly one day before the expected departure.
You will probably say that this is nothing more than an ordinary coincidence? Maybe, but Morgan's example was followed by 55 more people who were supposed to sail in first class. I think there is no need to remind you that only rich people travel in first class, and if you consider that among these 55 there are people such as John Rockefeller, Henry Frick and Alfred Vandelfeld, who were close friends of Morgan himself, then this suggests certain reflections.
I understand that the cancellation of the cruise cannot be considered the only evidence of this version
But there are several other points that indirectly confirm this interpretation of events or, at least, force us to take a fresh look at them.
Thus, in 1907, an agreement was signed on the creation of a new cruise ship, which had no analogues in the world. Two parties - Bruce Ismay (by the way, a close confidant of Rockefeller and Morgan) and Lord Pirrie started a truly large-scale production, the result of which should be that same unsinkable ship. Then they said that the liner had a super-strong bottom, and the Titanic itself could remain afloat even if four of its compartments were flooded.
However, in the 90s of the last century, Russian experts took samples of Titanic metal at depth to conduct research. The results shocked many. It turned out that it was not just ordinary metal, but also with a large addition of sulfur, which made it very fragile at subzero temperatures. Many are perplexed why such low quality steel was used in the production of the Titanic, an advanced liner at that time, the advertising campaign for which was in full swing. The explanation that a design error was made does not stand up to criticism.
There is a version that in this way the company saved its money, but they could not help but know that such steel would not withstand even the slightest collision in icy water, so such negligence also raises doubts. It also remains unclear why there were no spotlights on the Titanic, because this liner was considered the most modern and advanced. Also a miscalculation of the designers?
Indeed, there are a lot of strange things
By the way, one of the first to escape that tragic night was our old friend Bruce Ismay. It was he who was among the first to board the lifeboat, after which he waited for the arrival of the RMS Carpathia, which also belonged to the White Star Line, which manufactured the Titanic. An order was even given to rescue the first class passengers first, and the lower deck was ordered to be locked. It was there that 1,500 people were located, among whom were many women and children who died on that fateful night.
The second version is a substitution
The next version, which can also be attributed to a conspiracy theory, is the story of Olympic. Few people know, but this is an exact copy of the Titanic, which was only two inches shorter than it, i.e. the length of a regular matchbox. Do you feel what I'm getting at?
The fact is that it was visually impossible to distinguish one ship from another. In addition, a separate book could be written about the misadventures of Olympus. So, immediately after launching, he collided with a dam. Then a large number of minor and major accidents happened to it, so we can confidently call it an “unlucky ship.”
That is why many insurance companies did not want to deal with such an unlucky liner, not wanting to insure it, which the owners of the ship so zealously sought. It was decided to dock Olympic until a decision was made on its future fate.
We have a plan
Here a version began to emerge, according to which the White Star Line company wanted to get rid of the Olympic in a very original way, passing it off as the Titanic, which, by the way, was insured. Considering that they are very similar structurally and externally, this was not at all difficult to do.
It is enough just to replace the sign with the name of the liner, change some interior items, etc. The plan really looks logical, because no one will even suspect a substitution, quite reasonably believing that in front of him is the same “unsinkable” Titanic, and not the “eternal loser” Olympic.
Naturally, no one intended to intentionally sink the liner, because hardly anyone was convinced by the version that the modern Titanic could sink from a simple collision with an iceberg. It is reasonable to believe that
The plan was as follows: to provoke a collision of the ship, after which it would sail safely to New York, and the owners of the company, in turn, would receive an impressive amount that was due to them under insurance.
If we consider that Edward Smith, the captain of the ship, literally deliberately drove at high speed along a dangerous route, ignoring all sorts of warnings about icebergs nearby, then this version becomes quite plausible.
But in 1985, when the hull of a sunken ship was discovered at depth, this version was officially refuted. The fact is that the number 401 was clearly visible on the propeller of the liner, i.e. the serial number of the Titanic, while the Olympic number was 400. One could also question this fact, suggesting that the company replaced the propeller after a collision with another ship (and there were many of them in the history of the Olympic), but the Titanic serial number is found on others parts of the ship, so this moment can be closed. Although I agree, the version is interesting.
The third version is the fight for the Blue Ribbon
If you are a pragmatic person, then you will probably be interested in the Blue Ribbon version. This award was given to those ships that crossed the Atlantic Ocean the fastest. Naturally, serious competition immediately flared up between the companies, because winning this award promised quite big advantages.
No, the winner did not receive a cash prize, but the ship itself received something more - this is worldwide honor in the maritime industry, as well as authority, which can hardly be achieved in other ways. Such prestige inevitably led to material gain, because the ship that received this award received a contract for the delivery of all kinds of mail - very profitable business at that time. And judge for yourself, if you were a millionaire, what kind of liner would you sail on? Of course, on the one that has received a prestigious award.
At that time, the ship that owned the Blue Riband was the Mauretania, owned by a long-time competitor of the White Star Line. It is clear that the owners of the company were asleep and saw how they would wipe the enemy’s nose, so they bet on the Titanic, hoping that it would cross the Atlantic Ocean faster than the Mauritania. That is why the captain of the Titanic walked along a dangerous section, deliberately taking a shortcut.
Initially, the route included a small detour to avoid collisions with icebergs, which are abundant in that stretch of water. But Smith deliberately ignored the danger, racing at all speeds in a straight line, wanting to beat. This may seem crazy, but Smith naively assumed that even if a collision occurred, it would not lead to tragic consequences, and the record itself could only be postponed to a later date.
Such carelessness was very costly
By coincidence, after the collision with the iceberg, five compartments were flooded, i.e. one more than the Titanic could carry. In addition, the captain hoped that the iceberg would not break through the strong steel of the liner, because, in his opinion, this should not happen. Here we again return to the issue of the quality of the metal used in the production of the Titanic.
In addition, many supporters of this version overlook one important point. The fact is that the speed of the Mauritania, the last owner of the Blue Ribbon before the Titanic, was 26 knots. The maximum speed of the Titanic itself was no more than 24 knots, so it is not clear how it could get ahead of the Mauritania. Again, many will say that the captain knew this, so he deliberately did not slow down, moving along the shortest route, so there is no consensus. Riddles, riddles, riddles.....
Schizoteric causes of the sinking of the Titanic
In a word, there are quite a lot of versions on the theme of the tragic death of the Titanic. I haven’t yet talked about the German torpedo that allegedly sank the Titanic, and the curse of the Egyptian mummy! This is where the real schizophrenia is, which I spoke about at the beginning. So that you can appreciate the full scale of the rumors that are still circulating around this tragedy
on the story about the mummy - I’ll dwell in more detail
In general, it happened a very long time ago (we are talking about a mummy); there lived in Egypt a certain person who had the gift of foresight. I will not undertake to say whether this was actually the case or not, and this is not relevant to the matter. So, our soothsayer died, after which they made a mummy from her according to a long-standing tradition. It was found during excavations that were carried out near Cairo at the end of the nineteenth century.
The mummy was buried with a large number of different treasures, among which was an image of Osiris. There was an inscription there and its meaning was literally the following: you will crush with your gaze anyone who dares to stand in your way. This therefore applied to the mummy and those likely offenders who would encroach on it.
The mummy was bought first by one collector, then by another, and so on, down the chain. They all died from a terrible curse that circled around the mummy, but who will understand the true reasons for their death? If a person dies at 90, it is unlikely that the mummy could be the cause. In the end, the mummy is bought by an unnamed American millionaire who wanted to transport it from England to the United States.
I think there is no need to explain which ship he chose for this
According to legend, the mummy was kept in an ordinary wooden box in the immediate vicinity of the captain's bridge. Naturally, the rascal Smith, being a curious fellow by nature, looked into this treasured box. Having met the eyes of the mummy, the captain immediately lost his mind. This forced him to drive through a dangerous section of water where icebergs were drifting, without slowing down.
Surprisingly, this theory also has supporters.
However, they miss one point. The meaning of mummies is the ability to preserve the shell of the body so that the soul of the deceased can return. Return to the place from which she actually fluttered out. It would be logical to assume that the main task of a mummy would be to get rid of all risks and situations where her precious body could suffer.
It is clear that after she was in icy water, the mummy would have survived for no more than a couple of days. A rather dubious approach to self-preservation, frankly speaking... In general, this kind of version is the prerogative of the yellow press, so let’s not judge them about it.
A thinking person simply will not pick up such a newspaper, but let the rest of us entertain themselves at their leisure with such fables.
By the way, I would like to apologize to Edward Smith, whose image I portrayed somewhat frivolously. Even though he took the Titanic along a dangerous route, he was a man of honor to the end. He remained on the already dying ship, making no attempt to escape. This is a long-standing maritime tradition when the captain does not abandon a sinking ship, and it literally takes your breath away every time.
In general, you and I are unlikely to learn everything about the events that took place on the night of April 15th. Therefore, our best action would be to honor the memory of all the lost passengers and crew members by remembering them once again.
