"Story"
Before the October Revolution
On January 26, 1857, guard captain and resident of the city of Kasimov Gennady Nikolaevich Lvov submitted a petition to organize a shipping company on the Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers. The petition was granted on May 29 of the same year by order “of the Department of Transport and Public Buildings No. 105.” Officially, the Moscow River Shipping Company dates its history back to 1858, when the first regular voyages began. On April 29, the steamship "Moscow" and on May 4, the steamship "Nikolai" departed with cargo and passengers from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod and Kolomna.
"News"
Stalin's yacht will be left in Moscow
The Moscow Canal Federal State Budgetary Institution will buy it for 20 million rubles. The Moscow River Shipping Company (MRS) has the motor ship "Maxim Gorky", built in 1934 and known as "Stalin's yacht". The ship is planned to be restored, moored in Moscow's Gorky Park and turned into a museum dedicated to the history of the canal. The Federal State Budgetary Institution intends to find an external investor who will invest another 50 million rubles in modernization, but it is unclear whether the funds will be returned. Thus, the MCI considered the idea of a “museum ship” to be good, but only as an “educational project”
"Stalin's Yacht" can be sold to Azerbaijan for 20 million rubles
The Moscow River Shipping Company (MRP) intends to sell the motor ship “Maxim Gorky”, built in 1934, known as “Stalin’s yacht”. Its operation has become unprofitable due to its high cost.
Negotiations on the sale of the vessel are underway with the Azerbaijan Caspian sea shipping company, which could create a naval museum on it, MRP General Director Konstantin Anisimov told Kommersant.
The administration also lays claim to the ship Nizhny Novgorod. For the city, according to Anisimov, the Maxim Gorky is a “signature ship”, since it was built at local shipyards, and 2018 marks the 150th anniversary of the writer’s birth.
The Moscow River Shipping Company traces its history back to May 29, 1857, when by order “by the Department of Communications and Public Buildings No. 105 of the Guard, Captain Lvov, in accordance with his request, was allowed to establish a towing and passenger shipping company on the river. Moscow from Moscow to the confluence of this river with the Oka, along the Oka from Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga River from Tver to Simbirsk.” Thus, navigation was organized along the Moscow and Oka rivers, indicating the boundaries of the shipping company from the city of Moscow along the Moscow River to its mouth, along the Oka River from the city of Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga River from the city of Tver to the city of Simbirsk. The opening of the shipping company in Moscow was reported in the newspapers of that time: in the “Gazette of the Moscow City Police” for 1858 in No. 88, in “Izvestia” dated May 3, 1858. It was this date that began to be considered the date of foundation of the Moscow River Shipping Company.
From that moment on, the systematic development of transportation on these sections of the rivers began, new types of cargo and passenger boats began to be built, the intensive introduction of steam traction began, and the gradual abandonment of pilotage of ships by barge haulers and horses.
At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, the construction of piers began (before that, unloading and loading were carried out on unequipped shores) in Moscow and large transshipment points (Orel, Ryazan, Kasimov, Murom, N-Novgorod, etc.), where mechanical lifting mechanisms had already begun to be used along with manual labor.
At the same time, the infrastructure of waterways and shipping began to develop, new routes for the delivery of goods and passengers, new steamships appeared, new piers were built, railway service developed, hydraulic structures were modernized, new shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises and winter settling points were built.
All this served as the basis for strengthening the role water transport in the life and development of Moscow and surrounding regions. After the October Revolution of 1917, the fleet of private shipowners was nationalized on the basis of the “Decree on the Nationalization of the Fleet” signed by V.I. Lenin had to gather the disparate fleet into a single transport economy, organize centralized management of water management enterprises, carry out repairs and prepare the fleet for navigation. By the beginning of navigation in 1918, 165 self-propelled and 814 non-self-propelled vessels were nationalized in the Moscow-Oka basin. Subsequently, due to the Civil War, the period of the initial formation of Soviet power, most of the fleet fell into disrepair and was laid up or written off, the repair base was also destroyed, there were not enough professional workers to repair and operate the fleet.
Starting from the late 20s of the 20th century, the water transport industry of the Moscow-Oka basin began to rise, new shipbuilding enterprises were built, a new fleet began to be built and the old one was repaired.
In the 30s of the 20th century, in the wake of the rapid growth of industrial production and the construction of the canal. Moscow, the role of water transport in the Moscow region has grown significantly, a large number of new fleets were built, specially designed for movement along the newly built canal and rivers of the region, new factories, repair bases and winter storage points for the fleet were built. In connection with the construction of new ports and marinas, the volume of transportation of goods and passengers was significantly increased. The quality and efficiency of ship handling has increased due to the introduction of new reloading equipment. New professional personnel in coastal and maritime specialties have emerged due to the opening of specialized educational institutions.
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The shipping company's fleet was used to evacuate the population of Moscow and transport equipment of evacuated industrial enterprises to the rear; fuel and food were delivered back to Moscow by water. Shipbuilding enterprises belonging to the shipping company switched to the production of military products (shells, cartridges, etc.)
The post-war restoration of the fleet, enterprises and waterway infrastructure gave a new impetus to the development of the Moscow region; new equipment for restored and new enterprises, construction materials and fuel were imported to Moscow via waterways. Ports and hydraulic structures were actively modernized, new labor methods were introduced, and new ships were built. The shipping company's vessels mastered new cargo transportation lines, and new methods for extracting construction sand from river beds using dredgers and loading it into specialized vessels appeared. New methods for towing non-self-propelled vessels - the pushing method - became widespread, for which new pusher tugs and specialized non-self-propelled fleets were built. Passenger transport lines also developed, new ships were built for suburban passenger traffic and for recreation of the population. New types of river-sea fleet have emerged that make it possible to transport export cargo without transshipment.
Kostin Dynasty
There is an ancient village in the Sasovo district of the Ryazan region - Shevalisky Maidan, popularly called Shev-Maidan Skippersky. Here, back in the last century, many dynasties of Russian rivermen began their genealogy. Thus, the dynasty of Russian rivermen Kostins began with Terenty Loginovich.
Samoilov Terenty Loginovich was born in 1879 in the village of Shev-Maidan, Ryazan region. He began working as a barge hauler on the Volga, then on the barges of the Moscow-Oka River Shipping Company (Moscow-Oka River Shipping Company) from 1929 to 1933.
The daughter of Terenty Loginovich - Samoilova Evdokia Terentyevna (by her husband - Feklina) was born in 1906 in the village of Shev-Maidan, Ryazan region. She worked as a sailor on MOURP barges from 1930 to 1948. She worked on longboats and wooden barges. Awarded the "Mother Heroine" medal.
Evdokia Terentyevna's husband, Feklin Frol Ivanovich, was born in 1901 in the village of Shev-Maidan, Ryazan region. Completed skipper courses. He worked as a sailor, then as a skipper on barges of MOURP (later MRP) from 1930 to 1961. He worked on longboats, wooden barges and on the pier.
Frol Ivanovich's daughter - Feklina Elena Frolovna (by her husband - Kostina) was born in 1929 in the village of Shev-Maidan. She worked as a sailor on barges of MOURP and MRP (Moscow River Shipping Company) from 1946 to 1996. She worked on cargo longboats, on wooden barges, on metal barges 7055, 8168, 7009. She was awarded the medals: “Veteran of Labor” and “300 Years of the Russian Fleet”.
Elena Frolovna's husband, Kostin Ivan Fedorovich, was born in 1927 in the village of Shev-Maidan, Ryazan region. Completed skipper courses. He worked as a sailor, then as a skipper on barges MOURP and MRP from 1944 to 2000. Worked on wooden barges of the “polgusyan” type, “gusyana”, “platform 7443”, on metal barges 7055, 8168, 7009, oil tanker fleet MN-40, MN-28. Awarded the following medals: “Veteran of Labor”, “300 Years of the Russian Fleet”, “850 Years of Moscow” and “Drummer of the 11th Five-Year Plan”.
The son of Ivan Fedorovich - Kostin Pavel Ivanovich was born in 1957 in the city of Ryazan. Graduated from the Rybinsk River School named after V.I. Kalashnikov (in 1976) and the School of Command Staff (in 1977).
He worked as an electromechanic, then as a navigator, then as a captain on MRP cargo ships (since 1975). Currently working in the port of Serpukhov (MRP) as a shift assistant to the head of the operational department. He worked on motor ships such as “Oka”, “RT”, “Moskvich”. He was awarded the following medals: “300 years of the Russian Navy”, “Drummer of the 12th Five-Year Plan”, has three badges for accident-free navigation and the title of “Highest Class Specialist”.
Pavel Ivanovich’s wife, Galina Sergeevna Kostina, was born in 1964 in the village of Khutor-Grimmy, Oryol region. She graduated from the motor mechanic-sailor course. She has worked since 1982 as a sailor in the MCI on cargo ships. From 1991 to 2010 she worked as a sailor on the m/v "Moskvich" of the port of Serpukhov.
The son of Pavel Ivanovich - Kostin Alexey Pavlovich was born in 1983 in the city of Serpukhov, Moscow region. Graduated from GPTU, command school (in 2004).
River tram "Friendship"
Water public transport (water buses) - one of the types of urban transport in Moscow, which is more excursion and recreational than public passenger transport. It represents a set of route traffic along the Moscow River in three independent sections, traffic along the Canal named after. Moscow (which by the 90s had only a recreational role) and water crossings across the Moscow River (the latter have been closed one after another since the early 2000s). Currently, Moscow Mayor Luzhkov repeatedly expresses the idea of developing water transport in order to relieve congestion on other types of public transport.
Water buses appeared in Moscow in 1923. Initially, they were managed by the Moscow-Oka River Transport Administration, and in 1933 a specialized Moscow Suburban Shipping Company was organized. The shipping company's fleet consisted of 70 small boats produced by the Gorodets shipyard, carrying 40 - 100 passengers. In pre-war Moscow, the routes Kamenny Bridge - Zaozerye and Dorogomilovsky Bridge - AMO Plant were popular.
Since the sixties, commuter lines operated, served by high-speed hydrofoils; for example, lines along the Moscow Canal to Radosti Bay and the Pestovsky Reservoir were popular.
Gradually, water transport in Moscow ceased to play a public role and moved into an excursion and pleasure niche. The operator of Moscow regular river trams is the Capital Shipping Company.
After the Great Patriotic War, river trams of the Moskvich type (which were built right there in Moscow) became widespread in Moscow. Then they were replaced by more modern ships of the Moskva type.
The Raketa high-speed boats operated on suburban lines.
Routes
Moscow River
The only route regularly operating during the entire navigation: Kyiv Station - Novospassky Bridge (operates daily, traffic interval is approximately 50):
- Kyiv railway station
- Sparrow Hills(800 m from Vorobyovy Gory metro station)
- Frunzenskaya embankment, in 2009, ships do not stop at this pier
- Park of Culture
- Crimean Bridge (400 m from the Park Kultury metro station)
- Variety Theater (Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge) (on Bersenevskaya Embankment, currently regular ships do not stop at this pier)
- Bolshoi Ustinsky Bridge (on Moskvoretskaya Embankment)
- Novospassky Bridge (750 m from Proletarskaya metro station)
In 2009, the price of a ticket for the route “Kyiv Station - Novospassky Bridge” is 400 rubles for adults and 150 for children. Benefits are not provided to anyone.
Weekend route (3 - 4 flights per day) Park of Culture - Pechatniki with a stop at the Southern River Station.
Route Kolomenskoye - Brateevo - Maryino. It is actively used to deliver residents of the districts of the same name to the recreation area and the historical complex Kolomenskoye.
The history of the Moscow River Shipping Company began in 1858, when Guard Captain G.N. Lvov opened shipping on the Moscow River on the first voyage of the steamships "Moscow" and "Nikolai". By order of May 29, 1857 No. 105 of the Department of Communications and Public Buildings, he was allowed to establish a shipping company within the boundaries of the city of Moscow along the Moscow River to its mouth, along the Oka River from Orel to Nizhny Novgorod and along the Volga River from Tver to Simbirsk.
The development of navigation on the Moscow River was facilitated by the construction in 1874-1877 of six dams with locks (Perervinskaya, Besedinskaya (now named after Trudkommuny), Andreevskaya, Sofinskaya, Faustovskaya and Severskaya), which ensured the passage of ships with a draft of up to 90 cm from the mouth of the river to the city of Moscow .Progressive steam traction gradually replaced the navigation of ships by barge haulers and horses. The construction of steamships for the Moscow-Oka basin was mainly carried out in Vyksa, Kolomna, Murom, Rybinsk, Gorokhovets. In 1900, there were 106 steam ships here, and 96 of them were built at domestic factories.
In 1903, the first motor ship in the world appeared in Russia - 3 marine diesel engines, each with a capacity of 120 hp, were installed on the Vandal oil river barge. pp., which set the propellers in motion using an electric transmission consisting of three generators and electric motors. In a relatively short time Russian industry successfully mastered the production of motor ships, and by 1914 there were already about two hundred of them on the Volga, and the number of large motor ships was 48 (passenger and cargo-passenger ships - 16, cargo ships - 12, tugboats - 20). Compared to steamships, motor ships had the following advantages: higher efficiency, lower fuel consumption (and, consequently, greater carrying capacity and greater power reserve), higher engine reliability. They transported along the rivers of the basin mainly timber and firewood - 42%, building materials - 21%, oil and petroleum products - 13%, grain cargo - about 5%. By the beginning of navigation in 1918, 165 self-propelled and 814 non-self-propelled vessels were nationalized in the Moscow-Oka basin, which were transferred to the jurisdiction of the Main Directorate of Water Transport of the People's Commissariat of Railways. Only at the end of the 20s did the rise of river transport, destroyed civil war. In 1931, the Moscow-Oka River Shipping Company Department (MOURP) was organized. After the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal (1932-1937), the role of water transport in the Moscow region increased significantly. New ship repair yards and ports, repair bases and winter lay-up points for the fleet were put into operation, and a large number of new vessels were launched, specially designed for movement along the newly built canal and rivers of the region. To operate this fleet, the Moscow-Volga Canal Shipping Company (MVK) was created.During the Great Patriotic War, the main task of Moscow rivermen was the evacuation of the population and equipment of industrial enterprises to the rear, the delivery of food and ammunition to the front. They played a special role in providing the capital with firewood. Shipbuilding enterprises belonging to the shipping company switched to the production of military products (shells, cartridges, snowmobiles, etc.). Ships with wooden hulls became part of the Volga military flotilla and were used as minesweepers in the defense of Stalingrad. Moscow rivermen fought in the ranks of the Soviet Army and Navy. Their glorious deeds and exploits were marked with orders and medals of the USSR, nineteen were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, three became full holders of the Order of Glory.
The post-war restoration of the national economy gave impetus to the development of river transport. Equipment for restored and new enterprises, construction materials and fuel were transported to Moscow via waterways. Ports, hydraulic structures, factories were reconstructed, ships and housing for river workers were built. In 1954, MOURP and the Moscow-Volga Canal Shipping Company were merged into the Moscow River Shipping Company.
Progressive labor methods have become widespread: driving non-self-propelled vessels using the pushing method (for which new pusher tugs and specialized non-self-propelled fleets were built), the team method of working ships, combining professions on ships, extracting construction sand from river beds using dredgers and loading it into specialized court. Passenger transport lines also developed, new ships were built for suburban passenger traffic and for recreation of the population. New types of “river-sea” fleet appeared, which made it possible to transport goods without transshipment on through flights from the Volga to the sea and back. In 1976, for its great contribution to the development of river transport, the Moscow River Shipping Company was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. At this time, the shipping company was a powerful transport association, which included 13 ports, passenger management and 6 industrial enterprises. The volume of cargo transportation reached 66 million tons, passengers - 10 million people. The shipping company reached international market tourism and began to independently organize river cruises for tourists from Germany, USA, Poland and other countries. In 1994, in the process of large-scale privatization of state property in the Russian Federation, the Moscow River Shipping Company was transformed into Joint-Stock Company open type with a controlling stake in federal ownership. The economic crisis of the country in these years also affected the activities of the shipping company. High rates of inflation, non-payments, and a lack of working capital caused disruptions in the supply of ships with fuel and materials, and long delays in the payment of wages. But since 1996, thanks to the intensification of construction activity in Moscow, the construction of the Moscow Ring Road and the creation of the largest district of the capital in Maryino, traffic volumes river transport sand and rubble grew at a high rate. And a significant share of these cargoes was delivered by ships of the Moscow River Shipping Company. The development of economic activities made it possible to stabilize the financial condition of the shipping company, create the necessary reserves for the repair and modernization of ships and port equipment, and eliminate wage arrears to personnel. By the beginning of the 21st century, the shipping company was firmly on its feet, fulfilling contractual obligations and meeting the needs of enterprises in Moscow and nearby regions in transportation of goods, providing services to passengers on local and tourist lines.Today, the Moscow River Shipping Company is a large transport enterprise in the Moscow basin, which has modern passenger airliners, pleasure and banquet ships, a powerful cargo fleet.
