Yes friends! The crash of the Malaysian airliner on flight MN-17 was faked !!!
This terrible VIDEO was filmed by a woman eyewitness who found herself at the site of the so-called plane crash within 20 minutes. This is the main thingproof of falsification of the crash of the Malaysian Boeing 777.
Judge for yourself! Almost 300 dead is one and a half tons of human blood! And her tracks were nowhere to be found, only a bird's, from dead birds.
A large number of phones and tablets were found at the scene of the tragedy, and when checked, it turned out that absolutely all of them had the last information recorded in their memory dated 2013!
At the scene of the tragedy, a large number of suitcases were found, in which were not summer clothes, but winter ones, while the plane crash happened on July 17, 2014, and these people were not flying to the North Pole.
At the scene of the tragedy, according to many eyewitnesses, in the first hours and even minutes there was a terrible smell of the morgue, and among all the smells the smell of formalin prevailed.
...
There are also great doubts that it was crash Boeing 777-200.
The fact is that the Boeing-777 200ER series jet engines have turbines, the outer diameter of which is much larger than the average height of a person. And those broken engines that all the world media showed us from the alleged crash site of the Boeing 777 are less than a person's height. The diameter of the turbines of the engine crashed in Ukraine can be judged by this picture.
The Boeing 777 200 LR series has the largest engines in the world. Their diameter is over 3 meters!
But even this is not what initially confuses very many people.
Heavy multi-ton engines of the plane that fell from the sky lie on the ground as if they were carefully laid there.
This is how Boeing 777 engines usually look on the ground when an airplane crashes. These are shots from the foreign chronicle of air crashes. We see that the engines of the crashed aircraft have practically gone underground.
We all studied physics at school and must remember the formula:
(The energy of a body is equal to mass divided by two and multiplied by the squared velocity).
Boeing 777 engines have a large mass concentrated in a small volume. Due to this, when falling vertically to the ground (or when the plane falls at a large angle), they tend to perforate any soil with their large mass and make depressions in it.
Below is our case, Ukraine. When looking at this picture, there is a persistent feeling of deception.
As eyewitnesses say, this scrap lies on the surface of the earth as if it were poured out of the body of a dump truck! Such a picture is possible in a plane crash, when the plane crashes on landing - horizontal movement along the surface of the earth.
In our case, there was an uncontrollable vertical drop the plane destroyed in the sky, and in the ground, craters-hollows from the heaviest fragments of the plane must have formed.
However, they are not!
They add even more to this gloomy "picture" false those corpses smelling of formalin without a single drop of blood, which the eyewitness woman filmed on her tablet.
Having such obvious facts on hand, I would like to say that the world community is faced with an unprecedented political scam!
The leadership of the United States and Ukraine tried to deceive the whole world in the most impudent way!
For me personally, after comprehending all the facts, only one question arises in my head: how moral freak you have to be in order to conceive and implement this multi-pass monstrous scam?!
A lot has already been written on the Web on the topic of the Boeing 777 shot down over Ukraine. Whole "sheets" are covered by a blogger gorojanin-iz-b and a writer Yuri Mukhin... I considered it correct for myself to apply in this publication "Occam's razor" - a methodological principle that sounds like this: "You should not attract new entities unless absolutely necessary"... In other words, if a lie can be exposed with one or two obvious facts, then there is no need to bring dozens of more facts or hypotheses. If the result has already been achieved, why bother the reader with unnecessary information.
I am sure that after reading this article in the minds of many people there will be a stupor and a bunch of questions. Chief among them: "Is it possible to falsify this ???"
Friends! I assure you, maybe! And not that!
After the half-fake Boston attack on April 15, 2013 in the United States, I already see the world with different eyes.
This photo spread all over the world then!
Do you think it captures a person injured in a terrorist attack?
No, no! This is a legless actor who took part in a grand scam! Details in the above article.
In 2013, a performance with a legless actor was needed so that this "sufferer" would later point to the "culprits of the terrorist attack" - the Chechen brothers Tsarnaev.
The US administration really wanted to play the "Muslim card" then.
In 2014, the performance with the downed Malaysian Boeing 777 was needed by the same US administration in order to point the finger at Russia and call it an aggressor. Which was done immediately.
American hawks need a big war for the next redivision of the world, their mind is "sharpened" for this.
Our task is not to let their plans come true.
A Malaysia Airlines passenger Boeing-777 on flight MH17 from Amsterdam (Netherlands) to Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) crashed on July 17, 2014 in eastern Ukraine. On board the liner were 298 people (including 15 crew members), including 85 children. Citizens of 10 countries were killed, including 43 nationals of Malaysia. Most of the dead - 193 people -.
The plane, following the established international transit corridor, passed Donetsk, at 17.20 Moscow time at an altitude of 10 thousand meters began to dramatically lose speed and from the radar screens at 17.23 Moscow time. The wreckage of the liner was discovered near the town of Torez, Donetsk region, in the territory controlled by the militia of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic (DPR).
On the evening of July 17, President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko, adviser to the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine Anton Gerashchenko announced that the plane (SAM) "Buk". Kiev blamed the crash of the liner on the militia, which, according to the West, is supported by Russia. The militias said they did not have the funds that.
In December 2014, Malaysia was included in the international criminal investigation team for the reasons of the Boeing MH17 crash. Before that, they are.
By the end of April 2015, the international mission of experts completed the work, and in early July, a draft version of the final report on the causes of the crash of the Malaysian plane was sent to the countries participating in the investigation. From the point of view of the Federal Air Transport Agency, the document contains "more questions than answers." The Russian department reported that they gave the argumentation and technical information and expressed the hope that the additions and comments of the Russian Federation would be reflected in the final version of the report.
On July 29, the UN Security Council considered the initiative of a number of countries to establish an international tribunal for the crash of the liner in Ukraine. Russia has blocked the draft resolution. According to Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, the crash of the liner is the result of a criminal offense, and not a threat to international peace and security, as the draft resolution suggested. According to the minister, the UN Security Council has never been in a situation with a plane crash, and the very idea of \u200b\u200bits creation is designed to ensure the guilt of those whom Washington considers responsible.
After the draft resolution on the creation of an international tribunal was not adopted by the UN Security Council, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said that Malaysia would be disastrous with Boeing in eastern Ukraine through various legal options.
In mid-September 2015, the DPR Prosecutor General's Office received 2,500 fragments of the Malaysian Boeing, which were found by local residents. She turned to the Attorney General of the Netherlands with a request to pick up the wreckage collected in the Donbass.
On September 28, Dutch experts together with the OSCE mission visited the village of Grabovo, Donetsk region. They also surveyed the territory.
On October 13, 2015, the Dutch Security Council presented the results of the investigation of the plane crash. The report noted that the crash of the airliner at the left side of a 9N314M type warhead mounted on a 9M38 series missile launched from the Buk system. However, the document does not provide data on the territory from which the aircraft was shot down and who is to blame. The Chairman of the Dutch Security Council that in order to establish the exact location of the missile launch on the Malaysian liner, additional investigation will be required.
Russian concern "Almaz-Antey" (manufacturer of anti-aircraft missile system "Buk"), in turn, the plane crash MH17. According to his data, Boeing was shot down by a 9M38 Buk missile launched from the area of \u200b\u200bthe village of Zaroshchenskoye. It was this area that the RF Ministry of Defense mentioned.
In January 2016, after Russian experts studied the Netherlands, the deputy head of the Federal Air Transport Agency, Oleg Storchevoy, sent a letter to the Netherlands Security Council, in which he indicated that the studies and field experiments conducted by Russian experts indicate that the conclusions of the Dutch side are unreliable.
In June 2016, a joint international group of investigators investigating the crash of a Malaysian liner in Ukraine, in which it recognized the difficulties associated with the lack of experience in investigating disasters of this magnitude and knowledge of special terms.
In the summer of 2016, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, together with the National Prosecutor's Office of the Netherlands, as part of the investigation of the crash, requested the competent Russian departments, including the Almaz-Antey concern, to provide materials that could contribute to the course of the investigation. In particular, the Netherlands also requested raw primary radar images of the Ukrainian airspace of the Luhansk-Donetsk region for the period when the liner crashed.
Concern "Almaz-Antey" managed to get from one of its factories - Lianozovsky Electromechanical Plant - from the head processors of the Rostov route radar. He submitted these materials to the competent authorities of the Russian Federation for study.
On September 26, 2016, Major General Andriy Koban, the head of the radio-technical forces of the Russian Aerospace Forces, said that the analysis of the primary radar information refutes the assertion of the Ukrainian side and the conclusions of the Dutch technical investigation that the launch of the missile that shot down the Malaysian Boeing could have been carried out from the eastern regions of Donbass. According to him, the technical capabilities of the Russian means of objective control do not allow making a conclusion about whether the missile was launched from the territories located to the south or west of the crash point. Koban noted that space images could clarify the situation with the launch of a rocket from the territories controlled by the Ukrainian security forces, "the existence of which was announced by the American and Ukrainian sides, but no one saw them."
On September 28, an international investigation team presented a preliminary investigation report on the MH17 disaster near Donetsk. It stated that Boeing was shot down from the area of \u200b\u200bthe village of Pervomayskoye, south of the village of Snezhnoye, which on the day of the tragedy were under the control of the militia. It also follows from the report that the Buk anti-aircraft missile system, which allegedly arrived from Russia to the territory of Ukraine, which shot down the liner, returned to the Russian Federation in the morning.
The Almaz-Antey concern said that they had already conducted three experiments, which confirm the version of a rocket launch from another place - from the area of \u200b\u200bthe Zaroshchenskoye settlement, which is under the control of the Ukrainian army. The Russian Foreign Ministry expressed disappointment with the situation surrounding the investigation into the crash of MH17 and that the group's findings confirm the bias of the investigation.
In October 2016, Russia handed over to the Netherlands the radar data on the Malaysian Boeing in the most detailed form, raw, which speaks of their authenticity. At the end of January 2017, the media reported that the Dutch prosecutor's office could not decrypt the radar data transmitted by Russia, and Dutch investigators sent it to Moscow. The Russian side stated that it is ready at any time to provide international investigators with the help of specialists-developers, who and what for help from the Russian Federation in decrypting data during this time.
Russia has repeatedly stated that Holland is trying to drag out the investigation and that the investigation is provided by the Russian side.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources
The crash of the Boeing-777 killed two Chinese women, most of the nearly three hundred passengers were citizens of the PRC. Several people were hospitalized in critical condition.
The reasons for the crash of one of the most modern and reliable aircraft in the world are still unclear: only the version of a terrorist attack is completely ruled out. The rest can be judged after analyzing the data of the flight recorders, they have already been found and sent for decryption to Washington. NTV correspondent Alexey Veselovsky transfers from the USA.
After a 10-hour flight from Seoul, the Boeing-777 did not even have minutes, seconds before landing at the San Francisco airport, when something went wrong. Descending onto the runway, the liner touches the concrete fence of the airport with its tail and instantly flares up.
From the impact, the plane turned around and dragged several hundred meters along the ground at a speed. An amateur video filmed immediately after the crash shows how people are saved from the burning liner on inflatable ramps. Boeing carried 291 passengers and 16 crew members. They say that during the flight there were no problems, but before landing the plane behaved strangely.
Passenger: "The plane went up, then down, and then it seemed to collapse and hit the ground."
Numerous eyewitnesses of the crash also say that they saw the plane approaching at an unnatural angle, with a raised nose.
He hit his tail on the runway and then there was an explosion. The tail came off. The landing gear and the plane on their belly dragged and twisted along the ground. As a result of the crash and. They were thrown out of the plane at speed after the tail fell off.
Another 180 people with burns and fractures were taken to hospitals. Six are still in critical condition. Nobody knows what happened to the airliner during the landing, although investigators immediately dismissed the version of the attack on board. From the air, it is clearly visible that the cockpit remained intact, but the upper part of the fuselage was almost completely burned out, the cabin burned out, and a huge hole gapes in place of the tail.
The wreckage of the plane was scattered tens of meters across the field. Judging by the audio communications of the dispatchers at the airport, one of them noticed that flight 214 was making a strange landing. First there is a cry: "What is he doing?" Then on a raised note: "Go around." But it was obviously too late. The next exchange took place a second later - this is a request from one of the pilots for help and a message that rescuers and fire brigades have left for the burning plane.
It is known to have been disabled during landing at the San Francisco airport. When deviating from the landing trajectory, it gives corrective signals to the pilots.
The twin-engine Boeing-777 is one of the world's most popular long-haul airliners and one of the most reliable. More than a thousand of them were produced in various modifications. And only 6 technical incidents were recorded. The last and visually similar one happened in 2008. Then at London Heathrow made a hard landing Boeing Airlines British Airways. The passengers escaped with minor injuries. Nobody died. And the cause of the crash was called the stop of the engines during landing - ice crystals accumulated in them.
Boeing said it will provide all necessary documentation to investigators on the aircraft. And those, in turn, intend to take a closer look at the South Korean carrier Asiana.
This report was received from a representative of a group of aviation specialists who at various times took part in the investigation of many aeronautical catastrophes. Having extensive experience in these matters and having deep knowledge in the field of aircraft construction, they conducted their own research into the causes of the plane crash of the Malaysian airliner. The source is reliable, but I will not disclose the names of the authors yet, if they want, they themselves acknowledge the authorship.
Based on the available photographs of the Boeing fragments, experts calculated the possible point of detonation of the missile, as well as the number and mass of the submunitions.
REPORT
ON THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF POSSIBLE CAUSES OF THE AIRCASTER
MALAYSIAN PASSENGER AIRCRAFT BOEING-777-200 9M-MRD,
VICTIM OF DISASTER 07/17/2014
WHEN PERFORMING THE FLIGHT MH-17
FROM AMSTERDAM TO KUALA LUMPUR
July 2015
1. OBJECT OF STUDY
Photo and video footage of fragments of the Malaysian passenger aircraft Boeing-777-200 9M-MRD, which crashed on July 17, 2014 while performing flight MH-17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur obtained from open sources.
2. CIRCUMSTANCES OF AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT
On July 17, 2014, a Boeing 777-200 aircraft, state and registration number 9M-MRD, operated by Malaysia Airlines, operated a regular passenger flight MH17 on the route Amsterdam (Schiphol airfield, the Netherlands) - Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). On board the aircraft were 283 passengers and 15 crew members.
The plane was found destroyed in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlement of Grabovo (Donetsk region, Ukraine), separate large fragments were also found in the area settlements Loose and Petropavlovka (Donetsk region, Ukraine). The main wreckage area was 8.5 km east of the last known position of the aircraft in flight. The total area of \u200b\u200bscattering of debris was approximately 50 km 2
3. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The aim of the study was to establish the fact that the aircraft was hit by a combat weapon, the circumstances of this defeat and the characteristics of the weapon.
4. BASIC RESEARCH MATERIALS
The research solves three interrelated and sequential tasks:
- identification of combat damage;
- determination of conditions for the formation of combat damage;
- identification of the type of the affected means of destruction.
Photo and video materials of the aircraft fragments were obtained in the public domain of the Internet.
As a result of the assessment of photographic materials, it was found that the appearance of the fragments corresponds to destruction from the action of loads exceeding their static strength. At the same time, on the fragments of the cockpit, there are specific damages in the form of local holes and dents, which are characteristic of a high-speed impact with compact solid objects.
Similar damage is found on fragments of the interior of the cockpit.
Roughly similar damage, but somewhat larger and less dense, is found on the toe of the left engine air intake.
All of the above damages (mostly holes) are identified as damage caused by high-speed objects.
Indeed, most of these damages have signs of wave phenomena accompanying the process of high-speed penetration of metal barriers.
In particular, in the sections of the skin, reinforced from the inside with a force set, deformation of the edges of the holes is observed in the direction opposite to the direction of impact (Fig. 1a, arrows 1). Such deformation is characteristic of the action of a shock wave reflected from the force set. In addition, a rash of microcraters is observed on the surface of the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bsome relatively large holes (Fig. 1a, arrows 2), which, as a rule, are formed from the action of high-speed "dust" (particles of unburned explosive, small particles of details of the design of the warhead and striking elements ) accompanying the blast wave at a short distance from the explosion site.
On aircraft fragments with a relatively thick layer of paint and varnish coating (LPC), on the front surface around the holes, there are spall zones of this coating (Fig. 1b, arrow 3), which is also a sign of wave phenomena characteristic of a high-speed impact.
No similar damage was found on the remaining fragments of the aircraft. The existing single holes on the left wing surface (with the exception of the slat nose fragment) cannot be identified as high-speed only in appearance.
In appearance, combat damage on the investigated fragments is characteristic of the action of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a remote weapon, the explosion of which occurred at a short distance from the surface of the aircraft. Implicitly expressed
the regularity in the location of the lesions suggests that, most likely, warhead was equipped with ready-made striking elements, which is typical for high-explosive fragmentation warheads of the absolute majority of modern weapons
destruction of air targets.
In this case, the initial velocity of the striking elements of modern remote means of destruction of air targets, as a rule, is in the range of 1500 ... 2500 m / s.
Figure 1 - Typical appearance of holes in aircraft fragments.
Arrows 1 - deformation of the edges of the holes from the action of the reflected wave in the direction opposite to the direction of impact. Arrows 2 - traces of high-speed "dust" accompanying the blast wave at close distances from the explosion site. Arrow 3 - the area of \u200b\u200bpaint-and-lacquer coating (LPC) spalling around the holes, which is characteristic of the reflected wave action.
Thus, damage on aircraft fragments in the cockpit area is combat damage, i.e. formed by high-speed compact submunitions, most likely a ready-made type, high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a remote weapon, the explosion of which occurred at a short distance from the cockpit of the aircraft.
4.2. DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL CONDITIONS OF AIRCRAFT DAMAGE
In this case, the spatial conditions of destruction of an aircraft mean the position of the warhead of the weapon (explosion point) relative to the aircraft at the moment of explosion.
The OсXсYсZс coordinate system was adopted, connected with the aircraft in such a way that the origin coincides with the end of the aircraft nose fairing, the OсYс axis is directed forward along the flight and coincides with the building horizontal of the aircraft, the OсXс axis is directed to the right along the flight, and the OсZс axis is upward (Fig. 2).
Figure 2 - Aircraft-related coordinate system adopted in determining the spatial conditions of destruction.
Based on the obtained photo and video materials, a diagram of the binding of aircraft fragments to the structural diagram of a Boeing-777-200 aircraft was made (Fig. 3).
Figure 3 - Scheme of linking fragments of the front part of the fuselage to the structural scheme of a Boeing-777-200 aircraft
Then, using photographs of fragments taken from different angles, an assessment was made of the location of these damages in relation to each other and to stably identifiable structural units (joints, joints) on these fragments. Based on the assessment performed, the coordinates of the damage were calculated in the adopted coordinate system.
A total of 230 damages were calculated on the outer contour of fragments A, B, C, D and E, which, together with the contours of the fragments, were applied to a three-dimensional model of a Boeing-777-200 aircraft (Fig. 5).
Figure 4 - Appearance of the sections of fragments A (a, b), B (c), D (d, e), C (f) and D (g) with numbered combat damage.
Figure 5 - Appearance of the model of the front part of the fuselage of a Boeing 777-200 type aircraft with the contours of fragments A, B, D, C, D and combat damage applied.
4.2.1. Determination of the position of the warhead of the weapon relative to the aircraft at the moment of explosion
An analysis of the mutual arrangement of combat damage on the surface of the aircraft fragments and the model as a whole showed that, despite the absence of a photograph of a significant part of the outer contour of the cockpit, there are quite obvious boundaries of the coverage field (Fig. 6). This circumstance makes it possible to fairly accurately assess the spatial conditions of the aircraft destruction.
Figure 6 - Combination of the contours of the fragments (dotted line) and the locations of combat damage (red areas) on them with the surface of the analog aircraft.
In particular, on fragment B, combat damages located near the border of the covering field are elongated, clearly oriented rectilinear traces-segments formed as a result of contact with striking elements, the trajectories of which were oriented tangentially to the outer contour of the fuselage in this area (Fig.7a ). These rectilinear tangent traces, in fact, are preserved and visible sections of the trajectories of the striking elements, which makes it possible to accurately determine the position of these trajectories in three-dimensional space in a given coordinate system.
Figure 7 - Appearance of the surface of fragment B in different areas.
For this purpose, the direction of elongation of the tangent trace on the surface of the fragment was estimated (the angles were measured) in relation to the visible structural nodes (Fig. 7b, c), and then, taking into account the orientation of this section of the surface of the fragment in the coordinate system O c X c Y c Z c (Fig. 8), the direction cosines of the trajectories were determined, which, in combination with the measured coordinates of this damage, uniquely determine the position of the trajectories in space. In turn, the coordinates of the points of intersection (crossing) of the trajectories of the striking elements restored in this way in space make it possible to estimate the position of the explosion point.
Figure 8 - Location of the investigated fragments in a given coordinate system.
The measurement results showed that on a small area of \u200b\u200bthe surface of fragment B, at a distance of 1 m along the border of the covering field, a very significant change in the orientation of the tracks from 45º to 20 º is observed (see Fig. 7a).
Analysis of damages near the border of the covering field on the remaining fragments revealed several more similar traces on fragments E (Fig. 9), B (Fig. 10) and D (Fig. 11).
Figure 9 - Appearance of the surface of fragment D in the area of \u200b\u200bthe border of the covering field.
Figure 10 - Appearance of the surface of fragment B in the area of \u200b\u200bthe border of the covering field.
Figure 11 - Appearance of the surface of the fragment Г in the area of \u200b\u200bthe border of the covering field on the left side.
In total, 6 tangential injuries were selected, according to the location and orientation of which it was possible to quantitatively establish the position of the corresponding trajectories of the striking elements in the selected coordinate system. The calculation results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 - The results of determining the position of tangent trajectories of striking elements in the coordinate system O c X c Y c Z c
As a result of calculations by the method of intersection (crossing) of trajectories based on the data given in Table 1, it was found that the explosion point was in the area bounded by the coordinates:
x 0 \u003d -1.5 ... -1.9 m;
y 0 \u003d -0.8 ... -1.3 m;
z 0 \u003d 1.8 ... 2.2 m.
The results obtained allow us to draw the following conclusions:
- a fairly compact area of \u200b\u200bthe possible location of the explosion point, despite the fact that it was obtained from four out of five investigated fragments of the aircraft, indicates that, most likely, the covering field is formed by one means of destruction;
- the explosion of the warhead of this weapon occurred very close to the aircraft,namely, at a distance of about 0.8 ... 1.6 m from the cockpit glazing (oppositevents of the crew commander).
Figure 12 - Mutual arrangement of the restored trajectories of striking elements that formed tangential damage.
4.3. DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BATTLE PART OF THE DEVICE
4.3.1. Determination of characteristics of submunitions
By the nature and size of the holes, one can estimate the size and sometimes the shape of the striking elements.
In the general case, the size and shape of the hole formed on the aircraft skin from the impact of the striking element depends not only on the shape and size of the striking element itself, but also on the angle of its approach to the skin. Therefore, to estimate the size of the projectile, it is customary to measure the transverse size of the hole, i.e. its size in the direction perpendicular to the velocity vector of the striking element.
After the position of the explosion point relative to the aircraft has been determined, for each hole in its fragments it is possible to estimate the direction of approach of the striking element, i.e. the direction of the projection of its velocity vector onto the affected surface.
In the present study, 186 holes were examined in order to estimate the dimensions from the available photographs (Fig. 13) in relation to the known dimensions of structural elements (diameter of rivets, screws).
The results obtained showed that on the outer contour of the fragments the transverse size of the overwhelming number of holes (86%) is in the range of 6 ... 13 mm with a pronounced maximum of about 8 mm (Fig. 14). This circumstance suggests that all injuries are formed by the same type of striking elements (single-fraction). If the warhead contained two or more types of striking
elements, then the graph would have two or more peaks.
Figure 13 - Illustration for the method for measuring the transverse dimension of combat damage (holes) from compact submunitions. Vpr is the direction collinear with the projections of the velocity vectors of the striking elements on a given area of \u200b\u200bthe fragment surface.
Figure 14 - Histogram of the distribution of holes on the outer contour of aircraft fragments in terms of transverse size.
The results of assessing the size of the holes in the photographs suggest that the striking elements had the shape of a parallelepiped with sides of 8x8x6 with a tolerance of ± 0.5 mm (Fig.15a).
A simulation of the process of breaking through an obstacle with a striking element with dimensions of 8x8x6 (with side tolerances ± 0.5 mm) with differentorientation in space (Fig.15b), which showed sufficient convergenceresults with the actual size and shape of the holes.
The mass of this striking element, most likely made of steel, will be 2.4 ... 3.7 g.
Figure 15 - The assumed shape of the striking element (a) and modeling of the shape and size of the hole formed from it (b).
As follows from the report presented by the Almaz-Antey concern (the developer of the Buk-type air defense missile system), fragments of a complex shape resembling an I-beam were recovered from the fragments of the aircraft. Based on the analysis of the appearance of these fragments, it was concluded that the plane was shot down by a missile from a Buk-type air defense system (the warhead of one of its modifications is equipped with steel striking elements in the form of an I-beam).
However, according to the developer, the initial mass of the I-beam is 8.1 g, which is more than twice the maximum calculated mass. Consequently, the statement that the recovered fragments are the damaging elements of a missile from the Buk-type air defense missile system is most likely incorrect.
4.3.2. Determination of the mass of the warhead by the number of striking elements
The determination of the number of striking elements in the warhead is based on the results of assessing the angular density of their flux in the meridional sector of expansion and is calculated by the formula:
where ɸ max is the angle of the meridional sector of the spread of submunitions.
Due to the fact that the angular flux density of projectiles was calculated from the location of damage in the coverage field at a given position of the explosion point, it is obvious that when the position of this point changes, the density estimate will change. Correspondingly, the angle of the meridional sector of the expansion of the striking elements will change.
Therefore, to determine the number of striking elements, calculations of the angular density were performed at different distances of the explosion point from the aircraft surface (within the calculated area), i.e. at a distance of 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 m, respectively. The maximum calculated value of the number of striking elements in the warhead was 3650 pieces. (fig. 16).
If we assume that the number of striking elements in the warhead was in the range of 2000 ... 4000 pieces, then, taking into account the results of assessing the characteristics of the striking elements, their total mass in the warhead should be 4.88… 14.80 kg.
Analysis of the mass characteristics of high-explosive fragmentation warheads of modern domestic and foreign weapons of destruction of air targets showed that there is a fairly stable statistical relationship between the mass of the warhead and the total mass of the damaging elements:
with a correlation coefficient of 0.97.
Figure 16 - The results of calculating the number of striking elements in the warhead at different distances of the explosion point from the aircraft and different orientations of the warhead relative to the coverage field.
This circumstance makes it possible to estimate the mass of the warhead, the explosion of which formed the investigated coverage field on the aircraft fragments. If we round off the range of the total mass of submunitions within 5 ... 15 kg, then with a 95% confidence level the mass of the warhead should be 10 ... 40 kg.
4.4. IDENTIFICATION OF THE DEVICE TYPE
As a result of the study of combat damage, it was found that the aircraft was hit by a remote weapon with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead weighing from 10 to 40 kg, most likely equipped with ready-made steel striking elements with an average mass of about 3 g with an assumed shape in the form of a parallelepiped with sides 8x8x6 mm (with tolerance ± 0.5 mm) in the amount of 2000 ... 4000 pcs. With this explosionthe warhead occurred at a distance of 0.8 ... 1.6 m from the vents of the crew commander.
In order to identify the type of means of destruction according to these characteristics of the warhead, an analysis of the publicly available reference materials on well-known domestic and foreign means of destruction of air targets was performed.
As a result of the analysis performed, it was found that air-to-air missiles of domestic (including Soviet) design and manufacture, as a rule, are equipped with rod or combined warheads.
An analysis of the characteristics of domestic anti-aircraft weapons showed that there are enough complexes among them, the missiles of which can hit an air target at an altitude of 10 km. However, all of them have a mass of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead, significantly exceeding 40 kg.
Thus, not a single domestically designed and manufactured air-to-air and surface-to-air missile capable of hitting an aircraft at an altitude of about 10 km does not correspond to the set of established characteristics.
The analysis of the available information on the characteristics of foreign air-to-air missiles showed that, unlike domestic missiles of this class, most of them are equipped with high-explosive fragmentation warheads with ready-made submunitions. Moreover, a fairly large number of missiles have a warhead mass within the established range. However, the lack of sufficient information on the characteristics of their damaging elements does not allow the identification procedure to be carried out in full.
Therefore, due to the lack of sufficient information on foreign weapons, including weapons of domestic development, but foreign manufacture (modernization), it is not possible to establish its specific type.
5. ANALYSIS OF THE OBTAINED RESULTS
As a result of the research carried out, it was found that the aircraft could not be hit by means of destruction of domestic design and manufacture. As for foreign weapons, it is not possible to carry out identification of the type of means of destruction based on them, despite a fairly wide range of established characteristics of the warhead, due to the lack of the necessary reference information.
However, the circumstances and conditions of the destruction of the aircraft allow us to make some assumptions.
In particular:
A surveillance radar is installed in front of the cockpit under a radio-transparent fairing in the affected aircraft, which operates in an active mode throughout the flight. Therefore, if the rocket had a passive radar homing head, then it had to be guided by the radiation of this station. In this case, it is quite possible to assume the approach of the rocket to the nose of the fuselage.
It should be noted that the guidance of missiles with a passive radar head is carried out on the side lobe of the radiation pattern of the operating radar station of the aircraft. This can explain not only the approach of the rocket to the nose of the fuselage, but also the position of the explosion point - to the side of this station.
Some modern missiles, mainly of the air-to-air class, are equipped with thermal imaging homing heads, the so-called matrix type. These heads allow, on the basis of the pattern recognition algorithms implemented on board the rocket, to form a geometric image of the target in the near zone. This, in turn, provides missile guidance to any, as a rule, the most vulnerable target area. Obviously, from the standpoint of the effectiveness of destruction of large-sized aircraft, the most vulnerable area is the cockpit.
Thus, the guidance of the weapon on the aircraft could be both radar and thermal. With radar guidance, the weapon was equipped with a seeker, most likely of the passive type, and with thermal guidance, a thermal imaging matrix type.
In the course of the study, the simulation of the process of aircraft destruction during an attack from the front (Fig. 17) and rear (Fig. 18) hemispheres was carried out.
The simulation results (taking into account the functioning of the proximity fuse) showed that, by the nature of the location of combat damage, the most probable is an aircraft attack from the front hemisphere.
According to the criterion "warhead mass", four foreign air-to-air missiles fall into the field of consideration:
- a French short-range missile of the Magic-2 type;
- the Israeli Shafrir short-range missile;
- american AIM-9 short-range missile;
- israeli Python-type short-range missile.
Figure 17 - The results of modeling the process of hitting an aircraft when a rocket approaches an aircraft when attacking from the front hemisphere (a), when the fuse is triggered (b), when the warhead is triggered (c) and when the covering field is formed (d).
Figure 18 - The results of modeling the process of hitting the aircraft when the missile approaches the aircraft when attacking from the rear hemisphere (a), when the fuse is triggered (b), when the warhead is triggered (c) and when the covering field is formed (d).
The first three missiles from this list fall out for different reasons (by the type of warhead and by the guidance system), but the fourth deserves separate consideration.
Information and analysis on the short-range missile "Python":
First, starting with the fourth modification, this missile is equipped with a matrix-type thermal homing head, which allows it, having a relatively small warhead mass (about 11 kg), to effectively hit even large air targets.
Secondly, the high-explosive fragmentation warhead of this missile is assembled with ready-made striking elements.
And finally, thirdly, judging by some open sources, in the early 2000s, Georgia underwent a modernization of the Su-25 type aircraft, during which it was modified for the use of the fourth air-to-air missile of the Python type. and fifth modifications.
Outwardly, the modified aircraft is no different from other modifications of the Su-25 type aircraft, the presence of which in the zone of armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine is beyond doubt.
Airplanes of this type are usually equipped with R-60 air-to-air missiles with a core warhead to destroy air targets.
The Python-type missile is slightly larger than the R-60 missile, but in appearance they are very similar to each other (Fig. 19). Therefore, it can be assumed that the presence in the airspace in the zone of armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine of an upgraded Su-25 aircraft with a Piton missile on its suspension could have gone unnoticed.
Consequently, of the entire range of known foreign guided weapons, the set of established characteristics most closely matches (taking into account the probable possibility of use) the Israeli air-to-air missile of the Python type.
Figure 19 - External view of the "Python" (a) and R-60 (b) missiles on the external sling. From the appearance of the photographs, we can conclude that the missiles have an external resemblance.
CONCLUSION
Thus, as a result of the study, it was established that the fragments of the Malaysian passenger aircraft Boeing-777-200 9M-MRD, which crashed on July 17, 2014 during flight MH-17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, have damage characteristic of the action of the weapon (combat damage).
The nature of the combat damage and their mutual arrangement indicate that the aircraft was hit in the air, most likely with one remote weapon equipped with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead with ready-made submunitions.
The explosion of the warhead of the weapon occurred outside the aircraft at a distance of about 0.8 ... 1.6 m from the cockpit glazing (opposite the window of the crew commander).
The mass of the warhead of the weapon was no more than 40 kg, and the warhead itself was equipped with striking elements with an average weight of about 3 g in an amount of about 2000 ... 4000 pieces. The presumptive shape of the striking elements is a parallelepiped with sides of 8x8x6 mm.
The aiming of the means of destruction on the aircraft could be both radar and thermal. With radar guidance, the weapon was equipped with a seeker, most likely of the passive type, and with thermal guidance, a thermal imaging matrix type.
The set of established characteristics does not correspond to a single domestically designed and manufactured air-to-air and surface-to-air missile capable of hitting an aircraft at an altitude of about 10 km.
Due to the lack of sufficient information on foreign weapons, including weapons of domestic development, but foreign manufacture (modernization), it is not possible to establish its specific type.
Of all the nomenclature of known foreign guided weapons of destruction, the set of established characteristics most closely matches (taking into account the probable possibility of use) the Israeli air-to-air missile of the Python type.
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Poroshenko considered the request to release Tsemakh as Russia's admission of guilt for MH17 ... was confirmed. Demand to release Vladimir Tsemakh, a witness in the death case Boeing 777 shot down in the skies over Donbass in 2014 means that ..., Poroshenko noted, we are also talking about those who died in the crash of the Malaysian Boeing... "Can you imagine that [Russian President Vladimir] Putin ... on television", that he knows nothing about the proposed exchange. Passenger Boeing MH17, flying from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, was shot down over ...Society, 05 Sep, 20:46
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National Geographic simulates the last minutes of the flight of the missing MH370 ... how the last minutes of the flight of the Malaysian Boeing 777 searched since 2014 Flight Boeing 777 Malaysia Airlines ended with the plane entering ... it disappeared from radar, but continued to communicate with the satellite. Boeing confirmed the connection seven times, which suggests ... Chon. National Geographic draws on engineering calculations for its film Boeingwho established what happened to the plane in the last minutes of the flight ...Politics, 17 Sep 2018, 15:47
Russia to provide new data on missile downed by Boeing to Netherlands ... New information in the crash case Boeing-777 over Donbass, provided by the Russian Ministry of Defense, was sent to the Prosecutor General's Office for transferring ... the Ministry of Defense about the shot down Boeing rocket Earlier, the Russian Ministry of Defense said that the rocket that shot down in the sky over Donbas in 2014 Boeing-777 , was produced ... in operations in the east of Ukraine. The Ministry of Defense told about the origin of the Boeing missiles over Donbas Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine ... Dutch Foreign Ministry commented on the findings of the investigation on MH17 ... of the joint investigation team that the Buk, which shot down in Donbass Boeing 777 Malaysia Airlines, arrived from Russia, indicates its involvement in ... a meeting of the Dutch government on the findings of the investigation into the crash of the Malaysian Boeing... The investigation in the Netherlands told about the shot down of the MH17 Buk from Russia ... the side of the missile of the Buk complex is untenable. Crash Boeing 777 Malaysia Airlines near Donetsk Airplane Boeing 777 -200ER of Malaysia Airlines was shot down over Donetsk ... Experts suspect the commander of the deliberate crash of the Malaysian Boeing ... the group would take responsibility for what happened, ”Dolan said. Boeing 777 Malaysia Airlines, which flew from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, disappeared ... Australia reports on the search for the missing Malaysian Boeing ... Lost in March 2014 over the Indian Ocean Malaysian Boeing 777 -200 (MH370) has not yet been found, the reasons for his disappearance ... to the Malaysian authorities to establish the cause of the disappearance of the plane. Plane Boeing 777 -200, on flight MH370 from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, disappeared ... from the USA, where the plane was produced, it was recognized as part of the aileron Boeing 777 ... Then the door supposedly belonging to the plane was discovered. However, other traces ... The liner flying from Kamchatka to Moscow urgently landed in Novosibirsk ... Plane Boeing-777 Aeroflot airline, which flew from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Moscow, made ... "Russia" commented on the "landing on the tail" of its plane in Vnukovo ... mode The Rossiya Airlines denied information that the plane Boeingflying the flight Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Moscow, landing at the airport ... with the tail section of the runway (RWY). "During the landing of the plane Boeing-777 on flight FV6486 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Moscow, under wind shear conditions ... no. The representative of the Rossiya airline also stressed that we are talking about Boeing-777 , not about Boeing-737. Maria Bondarenko Ekaterina Kostina Media reported on emergency landing of Boeing 777 from China to Domodedovo ... A liner made an emergency landing at Domodedovo airport Boeing 777 airline "VIM-Avia", flying from China. It is reported by "Interfax" ... of the source, the plane had engine problems. “The crew managed to land Boeing-777 in Domodedovo, despite the failed engine, "- said the emergency services .... Earlier, on June 28, at Domodedovo airport he made emergency landing plane Boeing 767 AzurAir, bound for Cuba. The landing was triggered ... Bellingcat Proves Buk Downing MH17 Russian Origin ... denied. The Netherlands Safety Council in its final report on the circumstances of the crash Boeing 777 called the cause of the catastrophe being hit by a ground-to-air missile ... experts of the military concern "Almaz-Antey" published the results of their own investigation of the disaster Boeing 777 ... It follows from it that the liner was shot down by a missile that was no longer used ...Politics, 06 Mar 2017, 21:59
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