- an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean off the western coast of Scotland. Part of the British Isles group. The archipelago's two island chains, the Inner and Outer Hebrides, are separated by the Little Minch and North Minch straits, as well as the Inner Hebrides Sea.
To the Inner Hebrides ( Inner Hebrides) include the islands of Skye, Mull, Islay, Jura, Rum, Staffa, etc.; to the Outer Hebrides ( Outer Hebrides) - the Isles of Lewis, Harris, North Uist, South Uist, Barra, etc. The Outer Hebrides make up one of the 32 regions of Scotland.
At Trotternish Point on the Isle of Skye, basalt pillars overhang the Razeay Channel. They indicate powerful geological displacements that formed this piece of land.
All the rocky Hebrides have more than 500 islands with a total area of more than 7.5 thousand square kilometers, 100 of them are inhabited.
A mysterious stone ring is located near the village of Callanish. These stone pillars were probably there before the pyramids were built. People settled on the island 5,000 years ago, farming, fishing, hunting - and building. Scientists believe that this mysterious structure was erected in the late Neolithic era, before about 2600 BC (about 1975 BC) and most likely had cult significance.
The center of the stone composition is a 5-meter stele, around which thirteen more columns are located in a circle. The central stele is the top of a destroyed ancient burial.
Not far from this stone ring there are three more small ones. One of them is the personification ancient legend, according to which the stones are frozen people who completely refused to accept Christianity. According to another legend, the second ring tells the legend of a woman who decided to give up her life by throwing herself into the sea. However, the woman was saved by a white seal, who ordered her to come every night to these stones and drink the milk that she would bring her. One night an evil witch appeared and drank all the seal's milk. After this, the milk disappeared along with the woman, and only stones remained.
Modern science believes that the stone ring near the village of Callanish is associated with the ancient cult of the Moon. Whatever the ancient legends, such places always excite the imagination. The stone circles near the village of Callanish are an excellent example of ancient religious architecture, pleasing to our eyes to this day, after almost four and a half thousand years. The outer stones rise 3.5 meters. In the center of the stone ring - mysterious monolith about 5 m high, which represents the top of a small, partially destroyed burial. It is surrounded by a ring of thirteen columns. Three short rows of vertically standing blocks radiate, like rays, from the ring approximately to the east, west and south, and a wide alley - approximately to the north. Overall it resembles the spokes of a wheel.
Nearby, on the shores of Loch Roag, there are three other smaller stone rings. Mysterious stones appear in many legends. Thus, one of them, typical of stories associated with stone rings, says: the stones were once people, they were severely punished for refusing to accept Christianity.
Rising fog reveals a distant island in the Atlantic Ocean. People have survived on the St Kilda archipelago for thousands of years, but its last inhabitants left their secluded homes about eighty years ago.
Dusk has fallen over the pale sands, scattered shells and thick dune grass that stretch for miles along Berneray's Atlantic coast. The rolling line of the Isle of Harris hills in the background disappears into the blue shadow of the distant horizon.
The dangerous waters of the Hebrides with sharp sea cliffs and rocks, oddly enough, were chosen by surfers. Mangersta is popular among athletes because it all year round A steady northeast wind is blowing. Moreover, these parts are not crowded.
The famous "Winged Island" in the Hebrides:
"Winged Island" in the Hebrides
The Hebrides are islands at the end of the world.
Along west coast Scotland is home to the inaccessible Hebrides, which seem cold and inhospitable. However, travelers find a special romance in them and fall in love with a distant land famous for its picturesque landscapes. Even in ancient times, the archipelago with fickle sea elements was mentioned in the works of the Romans and Greeks.
From time immemorial, people defying fate tried to survive in harsh conditions, and the Vikings and Celtic tribes, the English and the Scots dreamed of taking over the land, much of which was rocky or marshy.
Some facts about the archipelago
The archipelago, located in the Atlantic Ocean, has received the unofficial name “miniature Scotland” for its variety of unique attractions. Conventionally, it is divided into two groups - the Outer and Inner Hebrides. If the former are separated by the Little Minch Strait and compactly huddle northwest of autonomous region, then the latter are located off the coast of a state that is part of Great Britain.
The Hebrides, consisting of approximately 500 small islands (no more than a hundred are inhabited), are a real kingdom of chilly wind and powerful waves. Once upon a time, a gigantic piece of land broke off from the mainland, breaking into many parts. This is how the Hebridean archipelago with an area of 7.2 thousand km 2 appeared. More than 1.5 thousand km 2 are occupied by lakes, thanks to which a special climate has been formed with frequent rains and fogs coming from the west.
As tourists note, the weather here is extremely changeable: within an hour, the clear sky is covered with gray clouds, and the Hebrides, which are a continuation of the Scottish mountain ranges, are hidden in a milky veil. And the calming sea waves of a transparent blue hue are immediately replaced by terrifying giant lead-colored shafts.
Ancient monuments of Scotland
It is impossible not to mention the important role of the archipelago not only in the formation, but also in the preservation of Scottish culture. Here you can get acquainted with ancient monuments that are of great interest to vacationers. On those islands that are inhabited, there are majestic castles that have survived to descendants from past eras. In the mysterious gray haze they acquire a mysterious halo, and it seems as if ancient Scottish legends about valiant knights who fought dragons come to life here.
Unique island of Staffa with caves and basalt columns
Staffa Island is one of the most interesting places Hebrides Islands in Scotland. Tourists who have visited this unusual place admit that their hearts sank when they saw the fantastic landscapes. Stone basalt columns, giving the area a mystical charm, and numerous underground kingdoms attract guests admiring the wonder of nature.
The most famous is Fingal's Cave with excellent acoustics, for which it is nicknamed "singing". The sounds of the surf, which are reflected under its arches, spread everywhere, and experts compare it to a majestic cathedral. The miraculous sights have been under the protection of UNESCO since 1968.
Secrets and riddles
The Hebrides Islands, formed back in the Ice Age, are a place where man rarely sets foot, and each pearl of the archipelago can boast interesting story, as well as unique attractions. As scientists say, there are plenty of local mysteries here, and the unusual megalithic complex located on the island of Outer Hybrids is proof of this.
Isle of Lewis and Scottish "Stonehenge"
An analogue of the English Stonehenge, older than it, is located in the village of Callanish (Lewis Island). In 1981, an archaeological expedition excavated a stone circle covered with a thick layer of peat, which received the same name. Inside thirteen vertical blocks, just over three meters high, cleared of soil, there is a huge slab. Experts believe that the mysterious circle was erected by adherents of the cult of the Moon about five thousand years ago.
It is known that until the 19th century local residents on a certain day they gathered at the stone guards and performed mysterious rituals. It is curious that behind the cobblestones there are smaller blocks, and from above you can see the outlines of a Celtic cross, the ends of which are directed to the four cardinal directions. Unfortunately, there is no information about the builders of the most impressive place on the archipelago. Only their engineering skill is not questioned, which made it possible to create a real miracle that raises many questions among modern scientists.
In addition, on the territory there are other mystical structures made of stone, as well as burial mounds, the secrets of the appearance of which have sunk into oblivion along with those who erected them. Megaliths found by scientists indicate the activity of primitive man in the Neolithic - New Stone Age. Eight years ago, another structure was discovered, so far poorly studied by archaeologists, who suggested that it was ritual.
Isle of Harris
The Outer Hebrides, forming one of the 32 regions of the country, includes the isle of Harris, on sandy beaches which tourists love to relax.
Harris and Lewis are the same large island, which is divided into two parts by a narrow isthmus. A wonderful corner with beautiful scenery is considered the heart of Scotland. The north of the island is made up of peat bogs, while the south with stunning beaches is chosen by vacationers.
Isle of Skye
The Quirang mountain range, located in the north of large island Skye (the Inner Hebrides archipelago) resembles a place where fantastic landscapes transport you into a magical world, far from reality. Its main attraction is the rocky Cape Trotternish, which delights with basalt blocks rising above the water surface.
Tourists who appreciate the beauty of steep cliffs, majestic mountain peaks, powerful cliffs, it seems that they are in a real fairy tale. Only Mother Nature created it, like the most famous rock, which with its protrusions resembles an old man who gazes intently into the distance.
Northern Rhone Island
Secluded corner in North Atlantic so isolated from everyone else that it is often forgotten to apply to geographical map Great Britain. Many centuries ago, Christian hermits chose the island as their refuge; later Scandinavian peoples lived on it, capturing the Hebrides.
In the 8th century, an Irish bishop settled here, who was later recognized as Saint Ronan. Ronan built the chapel - the oldest Christian building in Scotland that has survived to this day. Curious visitors to the miniature island can crawl into a half-submerged structure made of earth and see the ascetic decoration, shedding light on how hermits lived on the Rhone a thousand years ago.
Hebrides Islands Hebrides IslandsDescription
The Hebrides are a widely scattered group of about 500 rocky, mostly high islands, of which about 100 are inhabited. The surface is about 7.2 thousand km², of which about 1.6 thousand km² are occupied by lakes. Most of surfaces are rocky or swampy plains (peatlands). There are low mountains up to 1009 m high (Mount Cullin Hills on the Isle of Skye), as well as lava fields and traces of ancient glaciation (trogs, karrs).
Inner Hebrides
Outer Hebrides
Story
Economy
Residents are mainly engaged in fishing and livestock farming. The production of woolen fabrics (tweed) has been established; tourism. The largest city- Stornoway on Lewis.
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Excerpt characterizing the Hebrides
– I’m sorry, I would need you; but you're right, you're right. This is not where we need people. There are always many advisers, but no people. The regiments wouldn’t be the same if all the advisers served there in regiments like you. “I remember you from Austerlitz... I remember, I remember, I remember you with the banner,” said Kutuzov, and a joyful color rushed into Prince Andrei’s face at this memory. Kutuzov pulled him by the hand, offering him his cheek, and again Prince Andrei saw tears in the old man’s eyes. Although Prince Andrei knew that Kutuzov was weak to tears and that he was now especially caressing him and feeling sorry for him out of a desire to show sympathy for his loss, Prince Andrei was both joyful and flattered by this memory of Austerlitz.- Go your way with God. I know your path is a path of honor. – He paused. “I felt sorry for you in Bukarest: I should have sent you.” - And, changing the conversation, Kutuzov began to talk about the Turkish war and the concluded peace. “Yes, they reproached me a lot,” said Kutuzov, “both for the war and for the peace... but everything came on time.” Tout vient a point a celui qui sait attendre. [Everything comes on time for those who know how to wait.] And there were no fewer advisers there than here... - he continued, returning to the advisers who, apparently, were keeping him busy. - Oh, advisers, advisers! - he said. If we had listened to everyone, we would not have concluded peace there, in Turkey, and we would not have ended the war. Everything is quick, but quick things take a long time. If Kamensky had not died, he would have disappeared. He stormed the fortress with thirty thousand. Taking a fortress is not difficult, but winning a campaign is difficult. And for this you don’t need to storm and attack, but you need patience and time. Kamensky sent soldiers to Rushchuk, and I sent them alone (patience and time) and took more fortresses than Kamensky, and forced the Turks to eat horse meat. – He shook his head. - And the French will be there too! “Believe my word,” said Kutuzov, inspired, hitting himself on the chest, “they will eat my horse meat!” “And again his eyes began to blur with tears.
- However, before the battle will have to be accepted? - said Prince Andrei.
- It will have to be, if everyone wants it, there is nothing to do... But, my dear: there is nothing stronger than those two warriors, patience and time; they will do everything, but the advisers n "entendent pas de cette oreille, voila le mal. [They don’t hear with this ear - that’s what’s bad.] Some want, others don’t want. What to do? - he asked, apparently expecting an answer. “Yes, what do you tell me to do?” he repeated, and his eyes sparkled with a deep, intelligent expression. “I’ll tell you what to do,” he said, since Prince Andrei still did not answer. “I’ll tell you what to do and what am I doing. Dans le doute, mon cher,” he paused, “abstiens toi, [In doubt, my dear, refrain.],” he said with emphasis.
- Well, goodbye, my friend; remember that with all my soul I bear your loss with you and that I am not your Serene Highness, not a prince or commander-in-chief, but I am your father. If you need anything, come straight to me. Goodbye, my dear. “He hugged and kissed him again. And before Prince Andrei even had time to walk out the door, Kutuzov sighed reassuringly and took up Madame Genlis’s unfinished novel “Les chevaliers du Cygne” again.
How and why this happened, Prince Andrei could not explain in any way; but after this meeting with Kutuzov, he returned to his regiment reassured about the general course of the matter and about who was entrusted with it. The more he saw the absence of everything personal in this old man, in whom there seemed to be only the habits of passions and instead of the mind (grouping events and drawing conclusions) only the ability to calmly contemplate the course of events, the more calm he was that everything would be as it was. there should be. “He won’t have anything of his own. “He won’t come up with anything, won’t do anything,” thought Prince Andrei, “but he will listen to everything, remember everything, put everything in its place, won’t interfere with anything useful and won’t allow anything harmful.” He understands that there is something stronger and more significant than his will - this is the inevitable course of events, and he knows how to see them, knows how to understand their meaning and, in view of this meaning, knows how to renounce participation in these events, from his personal waves aimed at other. And the main thing,” thought Prince Andrey, “why you believe him, is that he is Russian, despite the novel Zhanlis and French sayings; this is that his voice trembled when he said: “What have they brought to this!”, and that he began to sob, saying that he would “force them to eat horse meat.” It was on this same feeling, which everyone more or less vaguely experienced, that the unanimity and general approval that accompanied the popular election of Kutuzov as commander-in-chief, contrary to court considerations, was based.
The harsh and inaccessible Hebrides are the kingdom of wind and waves. But this is at first glance. The attentive traveler will find a special romance and beauty here. Photos by Jim Richardson
The Inner and Outer Hebrides are more than five hundred islands and islets. It is often foggy and rainy, the winds blow almost continuously, and the sea around is so unstable that even the most experienced captain can feel afraid. In these seas, everything is changeable: in just an hour, the measured silky swaying of waves of a piercing blue tropical color is replaced by a stormy invasion of leaden foamy waves.
Berneray Island, west coast
Dusk has fallen over the pale sands, scattered shells and thick dune grass that stretch for miles along Berneray's Atlantic coast. The winding line of the Harris Hills in the background disappears into the blue shadow of the distant horizon.
Hirta, St Kilda
Stone walls still encircle patches of fill soil on the rugged hillsides above the ruins of St Kilda's main settlement. These fences protected the oat and barley crops from salty winds and livestock. Beehive-like structures were used to store food supplies and peat, which the islanders used as fuel; Hundreds of such warehouses have survived to this day.
Boreray, St Kilda
Armadas of seabirds circle the sky, narrow rocky ledges dotted with their nests. Often hidden behind clouds, the northern tip of the island juts out 400 meters above the ocean; The offspring of 60 thousand pairs of cormorants are raised here - the largest colony in the world. The people of St Kilda climbed these rocks barefoot, caught birds and collected eggs for food. 
Mangersta, Isle of Lewis
The dangerous waters of the Hebrides with sharp sea cliffs and rocks, oddly enough, were chosen by surfers. Mangerst is popular with athletes because there is a steady north-easterly wind blowing here all year round. Moreover, these parts are not crowded.
Calanish, Isle of Lewis
These stone pillars were probably there before the pyramids were built. People settled on the island 5,000 years ago, farming, fishing, hunting - and building. The outer stones rise 3.5 meters, the central pillar - 4.5 meters. Like the famous Stonehenge, the 13-meter circle at Kalanisha was an important ritual center.
Grimersta, Isle of Lewis
Fresh waters from the upper lakes, bubbling, rush down to the sea along wide rocky terraces. “It’s easy to find a place on an island where you don’t hear the sounds of man,” says Alice Starmore, a native of Lewes, “but the land and water are never silent.”
Boreray, St Kilda
Rising fog reveals a distant island in the Atlantic Ocean. People have survived on the St Kilda archipelago for thousands of years, but its last inhabitants left their secluded homes about eighty years ago.
Cape Trotternish, Isle of Skye
At Trotternish Point on the Isle of Skye, basalt pillars overhang the Razeay Channel. They indicate powerful geological displacements that formed this piece of land.
Fingal's Cave, Staffa
Row after row of basalt pillars fill the sea cave; its eternal darkness is illuminated only by a camera. The natural purity of the lines of these columns and the echo of the crashing waves have attracted travelers here since the 18th century.
Red Cullin Mountains, Isle of Skye
The calm surface of the water and the veil of fog give the wrong impression of the indestructible force that sculpted the granite hills. Born as the foundations of huge volcanoes, they were subjected to the powerful destructive action of wind and water for millions of years, and the pressure glacial ice gradually gave them a soft round shape. 
Hebrides
Hebrides- an archipelago stretching along the west coast of Scotland. Conventionally, it is divided into two groups. The Inner Hebrides lie directly off the coast of Scotland in fjords and bays. The Outer Hebrides have a more compact location. They are separated by the Little Minch Channel and nestle in a close group to the north-west of Scotland.
The Hebrides Islands are rocky, with highly developed coastline. They are characterized by long sea bays, high banks and a homogeneous steppe landscape. The islands are subject to frequent precipitation coming from the west. The highest point of the Cullin Hills archipelago (1009 meters) is located on the Isle of Skye. The Hebrides are a natural extension of the Scottish Highlands.
Megaliths discovered on the archipelago provide evidence of human activity during the Neolithic period of the history of the British Isles. In ancient times, the Hebrides were mentioned in the works of Greek and Roman authors of the beginning of our era. Then the population of the islands were Picts, who later underwent assimilation with the Gaels. This union of tribes marked the beginning of the kingdom of Dal Riada - the predecessor of Scotland. From the 8th century, Vikings appeared on the Hybrids. In the 11th century, the Norwegian Kingdom of the Isles was formed. In the 13th century it was annexed to Scotland, but for a long time it maintained broad autonomy.
The role of the Hebrides in the formation and preservation of the culture and traditions of Gaelic Scotland is quite significant. In addition to traditional activities and way of life, ancient objects of tourist interest have been preserved here. Firstly, these are the monumental gloomy castles of Kimisul, Dunstaffnage, Skipness and Dunolly, the Benedictine monastery on Iona, the cathedral in Saddell and other architectural monuments of the Middle Ages. Secondly, these are the cult places of the ancient inhabitants of the Hebrides, where Callanish stands out - a megalithic group of the Neolithic era.
The natural resource of the tourism industry is represented by bird colonies, whale watching, and seal rookeries. Green tourism and sea fishing are thriving.
Hebrides, an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Scotland. Belongs to Great Britain. Includes about 500 islands, including about 100 inhabited. Total area 7.5 thousand. km 2. There are Inner and Outer Gulf Islands, separated by the North Minch Strait, Little Minch Strait, and the Hebridean Cape. include the islands of Skye, Mull, Islay, Jura, Ram, etc.; strongly dissected hilly and low-mountain terrain predominates (200-600 m). The characteristic features are Cenozoic volcanic rocks. On the Isles of Skye and Mull, individual cone-shaped peaks rise above lava plateaus (Cullin Hills, 1009 m, on about. Sky). On the External G. o. - Lewis, North Uist, South Uist, Barra and others. Basement lowlands predominate (100-150 m), composed predominantly of Archean rocks, mainly gneisses; in some places there are small mountain ranges(up to 799 m), which are often associated with Paleozoic intrusions. There are numerous traces of Pleistocene glaciation (troughs, cirques, boulder fields, etc.). Humid maritime climate; average temperature July 12-14°C, January 4-6°C; precipitation 1000-2000 mm in year. Meadows on soddy-coarse-humus and soddy-peaty soils; Steep exposed slopes are widespread. Occasionally there are birch groves and heathers, and in flatter areas there are peat bogs. The main occupations of the population are fishing and animal husbandry. Production of woolen fabrics (tweed). Tourism.
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