Electronic C-MAP charts - navigational software, which provides a decent quality of the navigation information presented in the database with details in high resolution. They are compatible with most models of personal computers, laptops and appliances of well-known brands. Information is available from official navigation sources and commercial databases. Maps allow you to plot a route from anywhere in the world, creating your own new water areas. The range includes cards for various types of media. All of them differ in functionality and localization.

C-MAP chart formats

The main language of C-MAP charts is English, but the user can switch to another national or local language from the 140 options available in the database. The C-Marina Port Database package is a separate application, it allows you to find out the parameters of harbors, the presence of nearby hotels and restaurants, attractions at the mooring place, as well as other information with contact details. We offer the following types of cards:

C-Map NT+ - basic chartplotter variant suitable for small fleets, localization covers the Mediterranean and Black Sea, Europe, Southeast Asian countries and the Russian Federation;

C-Map MAX is the basic solution for chartplotters with systematic data updates and many additional options;

C-Map 4D - a variety for chartplotters, in which it is possible to enter your own information on the map;

C-Map MAX Pro is an interactive PC-based instrument solution with online adjustments, the Pro+ Coastal series is adapted for river and river-sea vessels;

C-Map Professional and Professional+ series - interactive database in SENC vector format, designed for ECS and ECDIS;

C-Map MAX-N - the newest map format for Lowrance, the N + version gives you a detailed view of the tides and currents, is equipped with a route laying and correction function;

C-Map ENC is a solution that allows you to obtain official information from hydrographic services.

High-resolution bathymetric maps are used to study the underwater relief, equipped with detailed isobaths of the coast and the seabed. The manufacturer releases updates to maps 2-3 times a year, so the interactive information on all types of maps corresponds to the current changes. World collection of databases combined with high quality cart makes navigation as comfortable and safe as possible, and navigation is the most efficient.

Features of C-Map navigational depth charts

Automatic route checking allows you to detect protected areas and obstacles along the route, which increases safety and reduces the risk of human error and errors associated with it. Automatic scanning detects obstacles in a circle in a given trajectory. The depth of the check adapts to the degree of subsidence of the vessel. Laid routes, all user changes and settings are recorded on the built-in memory card, so they are available at any time when changing the chartplotter or PC.

Detailed plans of harbors make it possible to moor on unfamiliar terrain, piers, pontoons. Lights and other navigational aids are visible on the computer display online. The user can distinguish them by color, range, visibility and other parameters. Tides and currents are detected with reference to a specific time and date. Information on the maps is available from various angles, which the user sets independently.

C-MAP MAX-N cards are compatible with Lowrance Elite-9 CHIRP, Elite-7,5,4 HDI and CHIRP,

Mark-4 HDI and CHIRP , with Lowrance HDS® Gen2 and HDS® Gen2 Touch series,

HDS® Gen3, HDS CARBON, HOOK, Elite TI

"The impudent young king ... saw here the path to a dream ... Then he ordered this pillar to be approved and carved on its stone with his mighty hand:" To Amsterdam-city ... (so many) miles ... "To Venice-city ... (so many) versts."
(Boris Shiryaev. "Inextinguishable lamp".)

Book 5. Geography of the Solovetsky region

Chapter 11

Pilot of the White Sea

Map of the White Sea, which shows the sections of the White Sea Pilots.

"Navigational description of navigation around the Solovetsky Islands is located in the Onega Bay section (Chapter 4), which is an integral part of the White Sea Pilot. This specific periodically corrected publication is called the White Sea Pilot. The Pilot is an official document - a guide for sailing . As a rule, it is published by the Ministry of Defense." ( Prourzin Leonid. Arkhangelsk. 03.11.2005)

Onega Bay

The Onezhskiy Zaliv, located to the west of the Dvina Bay, juts out into the White Sea coast between Cape Gorboluksky (65°10"N, 37°02"E) and Cape Marknavolok, located 59 miles W from it, the northern entrance cape of Letneretskaya Bay . The northeastern coast of the bay is called the Onega coast. The southwestern shore of the bay from the mouth of the Onega River to the city of Kem is called the Pomeranian coast, further north from the city of Kem stretches the Karelian coast.

The coast of the bay is overgrown with dense forest, suitable in places close to the coastline. The Onega coast is predominantly elevated and composed of clay and sand. At some distance from the coastline, several mountains are noticeable. The Pomeranian shore of the bay is low and rocky for almost its entire length. Between the Onega River and the Sumy Bay (64°20" N, 35°25" E), in some places mountains approach the low bank; some capes formed by the slopes of these mountains are elevated and steep. To the west of the Sumy Bay, the coast is also low; the mountains here recede far inland, approaching the shore only in the region of the Kem Bay (64°58" N, 34°46" E).

In the middle of the entrance to the bay lie the Solovetsky Islands, dividing the entrance to the bay into two straits: Eastern Solovetskaya Salma and Western Solovetskaya Salma.

On the eastern side of the entrance to the bay is Zhizhginsky Island, separated from the shore by the Zhizhginsky Salma Strait.

Near the Pomeranian coast of the bay are scattered many islands, islets and rocky banks, forming a strip of skerries, the width of which in some places reaches 20 miles. In the middle part of the bay, seaward of the edge of the skerries, there are also several islands; the largest of them are the islands of Big Zhuzhmuy and Small Zhuzhmuy. Large islands are overgrown with forests, small islands are mostly devoid of vegetation, composed of granite and sometimes covered with a layer of peat.

The shores of the bay, especially the Pomeranian, are indented by many bays and bays. Most of the lips are shallow; small lips are usually completely or largely dry.

Many rivers flow into the bay; the largest of them - the Onega River flows into the top of the bay. Rivers are generally not navigable; only some of them are accessible to ships with shallow draft, and even then only within the mouth. In front of the mouths of the rivers lie drying bars, in some places very extensive.

Depths and topography of the bottom. Depths in most of the Onega Bay are less than 50 m. In the middle part of the bay there are vast areas with depths of less than 20 m. The Onega coast of the bay is deeper than the Pomor coast.

The bottom in the bay is uneven, especially in the area of ​​skerries bordering the Pomeranian shore of the bay. When swimming in the bay, the 20 m isobath is a warning; this isobath should always be crossed with caution, as there are dangers immediately beyond it.

Tidal currents. The tidal current directed to Onega Bay with NE from the sea basin is divided into three streams near the Solovetsky Islands: eastern, middle, and western.

The eastern jet is directed into the bay along the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma strait and presses vessels along the entire length of the strait to the Onega coast and Cape Summer Orlov (64 ° 55 "N, 36 ° 27" E). The ebb current, directed from the bay to the sea basin along the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait, draws ships into the Anzerskaya Salma Strait and presses them against Anzersky Island.

The middle jet of the tidal current is directed into the bay along the Anzerskaya Salma Strait, which separates the Anzersky and Solovetsky islands. After leaving the strait, the middle jet again takes its original direction to the SW and, having passed Bolshaya Muksalma Island, merges with the eastern jet, forming strong ripples on the southeastern side of this island.

The western jet of the tidal current is directed into the bay along the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait and presses ships against the Kemsky skerries; the speed of the tidal current reaches 2.5 knots. The ebb current directed to the sea basin along this strait presses the ships to the South Kemsky and North Kemsky stamas, which lie on the eastern side of the strait. After leaving the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait, the tidal current jet is divided into two branches, one of which follows among the skerries along the Pomorsky coast, and the other goes to the Onega coast, merging with the eastern stream emerging from the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait and directed to SW.

The common jet of the tidal current, formed by the confluence of the western and eastern jets, is directed along the Onega coast, first to S, and then to SE, spreading south of the cape Chesmensky (64°43" N, 36°32" E) across the entire width of the bay. In the middle part of the bay, the tidal current follows the SE up to the mouth of the Onega River, the coastal part of the current is directed all the time along the Onega coast.

The tidal current also enters the skerries from NE, and then it turns to S and SE, taking the same direction as in the outer part of the bay. In the narrows between the islands of skerries, the current is divided into numerous jets, following in different directions; when two or more jets meet, strong ripples are formed. Above the numerous rocky banks and underwater rocks, well-marked breakers appear, and the current presses ships against these dangers. When the currents change in the skerries, slight rips are formed.

The tidal current follows in the opposite direction.

Ice regime. The entrance area to the Onega Bay, the straits between the Solovetsky Islands and the northern part of the bay, mainly its eastern half, do not freeze, but are covered with drifting hummocky ice, forming stamukhas and ropaki on shallows and banks.

Ice covers only the top of the bay to the east of the line connecting Cape Glubokiy (64°20" N, 37°20" E) with the mouth of the Kushereka River, located 31 miles S from it. But even here, very often in winter, with strong north-western winds, the ice breaks up, and with southerly winds, the current carries the ice aground, banks and stamiki, forming stamukhas and ropaki on them.

Pilot service. Sailing to the ports of Onega and Kem, located in the Onega Bay, is usually carried out under the guidance of a pilot. Vessels entering the bay through the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait and proceeding to the port of Onega receive a pilot in the area of ​​the shining buoy Karelsky No. 1 (63°57.4" N, 37°42.5" E), which is the receiving buoy of the Karelian fairway.

Onega coast of the bay

In the area of ​​Cape Ukhtnavolok (65°09" N, 36°51" E), the mountains come close to the shore, and south of the cape they gradually recede deep into the mainland. The coast between Cape Ukhtnavolok and Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay (64°58" N, 36°48" E) is steep; to the west of the bay to Cape Letniy Orlov and further south to Cape Chesmensky (64°43" N, 36°32" E) the coast is low. Between Cape Chesmensky and the mouth of the Onega River, the coast descends to the sea in two terraces and ends with a narrow beach.

The described shore is slightly indented compared to the Karelian and Pomeranian shores of the bay; only a few bays protrude into it, the largest of which are the bays of Summer Zolotitsa, Konyukhova, Pushlakhta, Ukhta and Kyandskaya. There are few islands off the coast; all of them, with the exception of Zhizhginsky Island, are small, lie in the southern part of the bay and in front of the entrance to the mouth of the Onega River.

The Onega coast of the bay is deeper than the Pomeranian coast and is bordered by a much smaller number of dangers. For this reason, navigation on ships with a large draft is carried out mainly along this coast, and the entrance to the bay is through the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait. The depths near the Onega coast are quite large, especially near its northern part. Seaward of the 20 m isobath, the bottom is relatively flat, and there are few separate dangers. Cross the 20 m isobath carefully, as there are many dangers between it and the shore. The soil along the shore is mostly stone and sand with stone; silt and sand are found far from the coast.

You can anchor near the islands of Zhizhginsky and Lesnaya Osinka (64°09" N, 37°09" E), in the bays of Letnyaya Zolotitsa, Konyukhova and Pushlakhta, at Capes Summer Orlov and Chesmensky, before the mouth of the Lyamtsa River. Depending on the direction of the wind and the draft of the vessel, it is possible to anchor at other capes.

Noteworthy points. When sailing along the Onega coast of the bay, the following can serve as landmarks: Zhizhginsky Island, yellow sandy cliffs near the mouth of the Zolotitsa River, Capes Summer Orlov and Chesmensky, as well as the islands of Pulonets (64 ° 14 "N, 37 ° 03" E), Lesnaya Osinka and Purluda (64°14" N, 37°21" E).

From Cape Gorboluksky to Cape Ukhtnavolok

From Cape Gorboluksky to Cape Ukhtnavolok the coast extending 5 miles to the WSW is little indented. It is bordered by a shoal with depths of less than 50 m and a width of up to 7 miles, on which islands, rocks and banks with depths of 0.4-19 m are scattered.

Zhizhginsky Island lies 2.5 miles NNW from Cape Ukhtnavolok, separated from the coast of the mainland by the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait.

Cape Gorboluksky(Mys Gorbolukskiy) (65°10" N, 37°02" E) is the eastern entrance cape of Onega Bay. The cape is noticeable due to the hill located on it, covered with forest. The cape is flat and rocky. The border of the forest in the area of ​​the cape runs approximately 5 kbt from the coastline; West of the cape, the forest is gradually approaching the shore.

The drainage at the cape has a width of about 1 kbt.

Cape Ukhtnavolok (Mys Ukhtnavolok), low and covered with forest, is located 4.5 miles WSW from Cape Gorboluksky. The tip of Cape Ukhtnavolok is a narrow sandy-rocky spit, stretching 2.5 kbt to the north into the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait. A mountain rises immediately south of the cape (65°08" N, 36°51" E); the top of the mountain is rounded, and the slopes facing the sea are sloping. On the coast, 2.7 kbt to S and 1.5 miles to E from the cape, there are buildings.

Zhizhginsky Island(Ostrov Zhizhginskiy) (65°12" N, 36°49" E). The shores of the island are sandy and rocky. In the middle of it rises a mountain; the northern, western and eastern slopes of this mountain are steep, and the southern one is sloping. Thanks to the mountain, the island is easily recognizable. The slopes of the mountain and the low parts of the island are overgrown with shrubs. When approached from the west and east, the island has a wedge-shaped shape.

On the eastern coast of the island there are buildings, most of which are in a dilapidated state; there are separate buildings on the northern shore. A pier has been built off the eastern coast of the island, 2.1 kbt WSW from Mys Livteikha Cape (65°12" N, 36°50" E). The width of the pier is 12.5 m. The length of the pier wall is 33.5 m, the depth along it is 1.2-1.5 m. °11.8" N, 36°48.8" E).

Several drying bays protrude into the shores of the island. From the narrow cape Mys Paletskiy, which is the northeastern tip of the island, the drying rocky Churnavolokskaya Kosa stretches for 1 mile to the NNE, at the tip of which lies the rocky island of Churnavolok (Ostrovok Churnavolok).

The island is bordered by a shoal with depths of less than 5 m, on which stones and banks are scattered. The coastal part of the shoal dries up, and near the northern and eastern shores, the dry land has a width of up to 2.5 kbt.

Tidal currents. Near Zhizhginsky Island, the tidal current is directed to the SW; from the southwestern side of the island, it follows the bay at a speed of about 1 knot, and from the northwestern side - at a speed of 1.5-2 knots. Near the island, the current velocity is low. The currents change in a clockwise direction. The ebb current from the east side of the island is directed towards the NNE and NE and has a speed of 1-1.5 knots 1 mile from the coast.

Lighthouse Zhizhginsky(Zhizhginskiy Lighthouse) (65°12.2" N, 36°49.1" E) is installed on a mountain (closer to its northern slope) in the middle part of Zhizhginsky Island. When approaching the island from the north, the lighthouse seems to be standing in the middle of a flat, but wide, steep-sided mountain.

The lighthouse has a radio beacon and a sound signal installation.

Luminous sign Zhizhginsky(Zhizhginskiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the northwestern coast of the island, 1.3 kbt NW from the Zhizhginsky lighthouse. The luminous sign Zhizhginskiy forms an alignment with the Zhizhginskiy lighthouse (alignment direction 312.9°-132.9°). The light of the luminous sign shines in the direction of the alignment.

Luminous sign Churnavoloksky(Churnavolokskiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the island of Churnavolokskiy.

Jar with a depth of 10.6 m lies 2.5 miles NE from Churnavolok Island. Churnavolokskiy Light-Buoy is set 1.4 miles NNW from Churnavolokskiy Island.

Target of luminous signs Water-bearing(Vodonosnyy Leading Lights), installed near Lake Vodonosnoye (Ozero Vodonosnoye) on the eastern coast of Zhizhginsky Island, 4 kbt N from Cape Chernyaevsky (Mys Chernyayevskiy), the southern tip of Zhizhginsky Island, leads to the island from the east to the intersection with the Pristansky alignment; alignment direction 95.8°-275.8°.

The range of luminous signs Pristanskiy(Pristanskiy Leading Lights), installed on the eastern coast of Zhizhginsky Island, 2 kbt to WSW from Cape Livteikha, leads to the pier from the Vodonosny alignment; alignment direction 130.9°- 310.9°.

Buoy is set at 2.4 kbt to S from Cape Livteikha at the intersection of the Vodonosny and Pristansky alignments.

Anchor places. In case of storm winds from N, NE and E, ships can settle near the southern, southwestern and western coasts of Zhizhginsky Island, and in case of winds from W and NW - near the eastern coast of the island. You should always be careful when approaching the island.

When anchoring off the northwestern coast of the island, care must be taken not to anchor on a steep coastal slope, as the depths increase sharply to the west of the island. It should be borne in mind that as you approach the island, the depths sharply decrease.

On the southern and eastern coasts of the island, large ships must anchor in such a way that with a change in the wind they can quickly weigh anchor and put out to sea. Ships anchored at south coast islands, when the wind changes to SW, and it is difficult for ships moored near the eastern coast, when the wind changes to NE, to weigh anchor and go to sea.

Vessels with a draft of no more than 3 m can anchor at Zhizhginsky Island everywhere, except for the area located to the north of the island, where you can lose your anchor among the many pitfalls. For loading and unloading, ships anchor off the eastern coast of the island on the alignment line Vodonosny, leaving to NE jar of Korg-Livteikh(Banka Korga Livteikha), to SW jar of Korg-Obedenka(Banka Korga Obedenka). The depth here is about 10 m.

To the anchorage, located off the northwestern coast of the island, leads alignment of the luminous sign Zhizhginsky with the lighthouse Zhizhginsky; alignment direction 312.9°-132.9°.

Milestone is set off the northwestern coast of Zhizhginsky Island, 6 kbt to W from Cape Bystryy (Mys Bystryy) (65°13" N, 36°49" E).

Strait Zhizhginskaya Salma(Proliv Zhizhginskaya Salma) separates Zhizhginskiy Island from the coast of the mainland. Despite the relatively large width of the strait, its fairway, narrowed by shallows, is very narrow and winding. The fairway is available for vessels with a draft of up to 5.4 m.

At night, swimming in the strait is not recommended. The tidal current is directed to the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait from NE 30 to SW; its speed is 1.5-2 knots.

The fairway of the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait is equipped with signs, a luminous sign and is fenced with milestones.

Warning. When sailing along the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait, it is necessary to go strictly along the alignments, since there are dangers on the sides of the fairway.

Luminous sign of Pulkorg(Pulkorga Light-Beacon) (65 ° 09.9 "N, 36 ° 51.1" E) is installed on the rocky low island of Pulkorg (Ostrovok Pulkorga). The sign is destroyed (1995).

Guidance for navigation in the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait. Going to the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait from the east, you need to lie on alignment of signs First(Pervyy Leading Beacons) (65°09.9" N, 36°51.1" E) (alignment direction 14.4°-194.4°) and go to the point 65°10.4" N, 36°51 ,4 "E. At this point, you should lie on a course of 228 ° and go between shallows with depths of less than 5 m, protruding to the N from Cape Ukhtnavolok and to the SE from Zhizhginsky Island, leaving a milestone to the NW (65 ° 10.4" N, 36°51.4"E). Coming on alignment of signs Third Ondrikovsky entrance(Tretiy Ondrikovskiy Entrance Leading Beacons) (65°09.7" N, 36°57.6" E) (direction of alignment 277.8°-97.8°), you need to go to this alignment, bringing it aft, and go leaving to the N milestone (65 ° 10.4 "N, 36 ° 48.0" E), enclosing a jar with a depth of 2.8 m from W. After this milestone comes to the traverse, you need to go another 1 mile and then stay on course depending on the destination.

Following from the bay along the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait, it is necessary to place the courses in the reverse order, i.e., first go on a course of 97.8 ° along the alignment of the Third Ondrikovsky entrance to the point 65 ° 10.1 "N, 36 ° 50.8" E, in at this point, lie on a course of 48 ° and go to the point 65 ° 10.4 "N, 36 ° 51.1" E; from here, having gone to the First alignment and leading it along the stern, follow this alignment to the exit from the strait.

From Cape Ukhtnavolok to Cape Summer Orlov

From Cape Ukhtnavolok to Cape Summer Orlov the coast extends 17 miles to SW; the northern part of the shore is slightly indented, and Letnyaya Zolotitsa and Konyukhova lips protrude into its southern part.

The mountains in the area of ​​Cape Ukhtnavolok come close to the shore, and then retreat into the depths of the mainland and stretch to the south in a wavy ridge. Between Cape Ukhtnavolok and Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, the coast gradually decreases from north to south; in some places it is bordered by a narrow sandy beach. Further to the west, to Cape Summer Orlov, the coast is low, sandy and rocky. This part of the coast is overgrown with dense forest, which in some places comes close to the coastline.

Almost the entire length of the coast is bordered by dry land, which in some places has a width of up to 4 kbt. There are isolated hazards within 1.5 miles of the coast.

Cape Kostylikha (Mys Kostylikha), low and rocky, overgrown with grass, is located 2 miles SSW from Cape Ukhtnavolok. To E from Cape Kostilikha rises a forest-covered hill with gentle slopes. The cape is deep. There is a hut near the cape.

On the northern side of the cape there is a bay accessible to vessels with a draft of up to 1 m.

To the south of the cape, many drying stones are scattered, over which breakers form.

Guba Summer Zolotitsa(Guba Letnyaya Zolotitsa) protrudes into the shore between the low and overgrown mixed forest Mys Pyartnavolok Cape (65°00" N, 36°49" E) and the low Mys Satanskiy Cape located 3.7 miles SSW from it. ). The bay is recognizable from 12-13 miles along a wide yellow sandy hollow of an arched shape and the buildings of the village of Letnyaya Zolotitsa (64 ° 57 "N, 36 ° 50" E), located on the right bank of the Zolotitsa River.

The shores of the bay are bordered by sandy-stony dry land up to 1 kbt wide.

The bottom of the bay is even, the depths gradually increase from the shore. Depths at the entrance to the bay are 7-20 m, in the middle part 11-17 m; no hazards found here. From Cape Pyartnavolok, 2 miles to W and from Cape Satansky, 2 miles to N, there are shallows with depths of less than 10 m, on which there are separate dangers. The lip is protected from winds blowing from ENE to SSW.

Navigation aids. A fairway equipped with a range of luminous signs leads to the bay of Letnyaya Zolotitsa. Some hazards are guarded by milestones.

Jar rocky with a depth of 8.4 m lies 1.5 miles NW from Cape Pyartnavolok.

Jar with a depth of 5.6 m lies 1.1 miles W from Cape Pyartnavolok.

Banks Satanic Corgi(Banki Satanskiye Korgi) stony with depths of 0.2-3.8 m are located on the shallows with depths of less than 10 m to the NW of Cape Satansky. In this area, 1.2 miles NW from Cape Satansky, there are separate drying rocks.

Zolotitsa River(Reka Zolotitsa) flows into the top of the Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay 1.6 miles to ENE from Cape Satansky. The banks of the river for 2.7 kbt above the mouth are bordered by a sandy-stony dry land 10-20 m wide; The bottom of the river at the mouth is sandy and rocky.

There is a bar in front of the entrance to the river. On the bar, 1 kbt from the mouth, there is a small sandy drain, which is clearly visible when approaching the mouth in low water. Depths on the bar are 0.1-0.9 m. With winds from W and NW, breakers are observed above the bar. Small vessels with a draft of up to 1.2 m can enter the river in full water.

A narrow pit 350 m long and 15-35 m wide stretches upward from the mouth parallel to the right bank of the river; the depth here is 1-3 m, the ground is stone and silty sand. In the middle of the pit, there is a passage leading to the anchorage and to the pier, located on the right bank of the river, 0.8 kbt above the mouth.

The speed of the current in the river is 1 knot. The tide in it extends 1.6 kbt above the mouth. The speed of the tidal current at the mouth of the river is weak, the speed of the ebb current reaches 3.5 knots.

jetty equipped on the right bank of the river 0.8 kbt above the mouth on a sunken ship. The length of the berth is 30 m, the width is 10 m, the depth along it is 0.8 m.

Village Summer Zolotitsa(Letnyaya Zolotitsa) is located on the right bank of the Zolotitsa River, 4.2 kbt above the mouth. There is a bakery, a first-aid post and a post office.

aerial cable thrown across the Zolotitsa River at a height of 15 m, 4.4 kbt above the mouth.

Anchor places. In Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, anchorage points are located to the NW from the mouth of the Zolotitsa River in the area of ​​the Letne-Zolotitsky alignment. Depths are 7-9 kbt from the mouth of the river 14-16 m, 5 kbt from the mouth 9-14 m, 4 kbt from the mouth 5-10 m. The ground is fine sand.

Anchorages are well protected from winds blowing from ENE to SSW.

The anchorage in the Zolotitsa River is located in a hole opposite the berth, 0.8 kbt SE from its mouth. Depths here are 1-2 m; soil - silty sand. The anchorage is protected from winds of all directions.

Milestone set out in the anchorage area 5.9 kbt NW from the mouth of the Zolotitsa River.

Instructions for entering the Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay and the Zolotitsa River. Vessels proceeding to Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, having rounded Zhizhginsky Island from the north, on the parallel of the Zhizhginsky lighthouse, should lie on a course with the expectation of passing Cape Pyartnavolok 2 miles away. Before reaching the parallel of Cape Pyartnavolok, you need to identify the mouth of the Zolotitsa River and alignment of luminous signs Letne-Zolotitsky(Letne-Zolotitskiy Leading Lights) (64°57.4" N, 36°49.3" E); alignment direction 310.2°-130.2°. Arriving at this target, you need to lie on it and follow to the anchorage.

Going to Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay from Cape Letny Orlov and being careful of the Satanic Corgi banks, you should not approach the shore section between Cape Tolstyye Korgi (64 ° 56 "N, 36 ° 40" E) and Satansky at a distance of less than 2 miles . The milestone enclosing the Satanic Corgi Bank should be bypassed from N. Having recognized the signs of the alignment, it is necessary to enter the bay along the Letne-Zolotitsky alignment.

You should also exit the bay along the alignment, being careful of the cans of the Satanic Corgi and the dangers lying on the northeast side of the entrance.

When proceeding from Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay to Cape Letny Orlov, one should not lay down on a course of 270 ° until Cape Satansky comes to bearing 180 °, and Cape Tolstye Korgi - to bearing 217 °. When proceeding to Zhizhginsky Island, you must not turn right before Cape Tolstye Korgi comes to bearing 217°, and the milestone enclosing the banks of Satanskiye Korgi remains to S or even to SE.

Vessels entering the river should, 1 hour before the moment of full water in the river from the anchorage (64 ° 57.9 "N, 36 ° 47.9" E), lie on a course of 154 ° and go into the river, guided by the buildings, located on the right bank of the river mouth, leaving a sandy dry land 25 m to the right, lying 1 kbt to NW from the mouth.

Local residents enter the river according to local landmarks.

Guba Konyukhova juts out into the shore 4 miles WSW from Cape Satansky. The eastern entrance cape of the bay is Cape Fat Corgi. The low-lying sandy-stony shores of the bay are completely overgrown with coniferous forest approaching the coastline.

The shores of the bay are almost entirely bordered by dry land, the width of which does not exceed 1 kb.

A small cape Pushlakhotskiye Korgi (Mys Pushlakhotskiye Korgi) protrudes from the middle of the southern coast of the bay (64°54.0" N, 36°35.8" E).

In the middle part of the bay and at the entrance to it, the depth is 10-14 m. The soil in the bay is mostly silt, as well as fine sand and stone.

Between the coast and the 10 m isobath there is a row of banks with depths of 1-5 m, there are underwater and drying stones and a drying sand bank.

Jar with a depth of 1.6 m lies 5 kbt NW from Cape Tolstye Corgi.

Anchor places. Konyukhov Bay is convenient for anchorage during storm winds from E to SW. It is convenient to settle in the bay when ice moves from the Onega Bay. However, it should be borne in mind that at high tide and northerly winds, ice is packed into the lip.

Vessels with a draft of up to 6 m can safely anchor off the southeastern or southern shore of the bay, without going west of the meridian of Cape Pushlakhotskiye Korgi.

Vessels with a draft of 4-6 m should not go to depths of less than 10 m, since the depths decrease sharply closer to the shore. For the same reason, vessels with a draft of 2-3 m are not recommended to go to depths of less than 5 m.

Guidance for entering Konyukhov Bay. Going to Konyukhov Bay from NE, you should leave Cape Satansky at a distance of at least 2 miles to the south, and do not approach Cape Tolstye Korgi closer than 1 mile, being careful of the dangers protruding to NW from it. When Cape Pushlakhotskie Corgi comes to bearing 180°, you need to lie on the course 180° and enter the bay, measuring the depths. When anchoring near the southwestern coast of the bay, one should beware of underwater and drying rocks lying to the NW from Cape Pushlakhotskiye Korgi. For anchoring off the southeastern shore of the bay, follow a course of 180° until Cape Thick Corgi comes abeam, and then lie on a course of 135° and approach the shore.

Following to the Konyukhov Bay from NW, one should beware of the Letne-Orlovskaya Bank (64°57" N, 36°30" E). The western entrance cape of the bay is deeper, it can be passed in 5 kbt. When anchoring at this cape, it should be borne in mind that the depths here decrease very sharply towards the shore.

You should approach the bay with a course of 135°, and enter it with a course of 180° when the ship arrives at the meridian of Cape Pushlakhotskiye Korgi.

You should leave the bay on the opposite courses to the above, and you cannot turn to NW until the bearing 297 ° to the western entrance cape of the bay is passed. When traveling from Konyukhov Bay to Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, it is impossible to turn to NE until bearing 110° to Cape Tolstye Korgi is passed.

Bank Letne-Orlovskaya(Banka Letne-Orlovskaya) with a shallowest depth of 7.2 m lies 4.5 miles WNW from Cape Tolstye Korgi.

From Cape Summer Orlov to Cape Chesmensky

From Cape Summer Orlov to Cape Chesmensky(64° 43" N, 36° 32" E) the coast, extending 12.8 miles to S, is low and rocky. 5 miles south of Cape Summer Orlov, Pushlakhta Bay juts out into the shore. Between Cape Summer Orlov and Pushlakhta Bay the hills approach the shore in places at a distance of 0.5-1 miles. At 2-2.5 miles from the coast, there are rather high, gently sloping wooded hills that stretch from the north to Pushlakhta Bay.

The coast between Capes Summer Orlov and Chesmensky is bordered by a shoal with depths of less than 5 m and a width of up to 1.5 miles. The coastal part of the shoal dries up. There are a lot of cans and drying stones on the shallows, so it is not recommended to cross the 5 m isoline. At the northern part of this section of the coast lies the extensive Pushlakhotskaya shoal.

Noteworthy points. When sailing along the coast, reference points can be: Mount Sechishche (64 ° 54 "N, 36 ° 31" E); Mount Malinnitsa (Gora Malinnitsa), located 9 miles ESE from Mount Sechishche, and the valley of the Puschlakhta bay.

Cape Summer Orlov(Mys Letniy Orlov) (64 ° 55 "N, 36 ° 27" E), low and rocky, bordered by a shoal with depths of less than 20 m and a width of up to 2.3 miles. Banks with depths of 3.6-9.6 m are scattered on the shallows.

When approached from the north and south, the cape opens up in the form of an island. Approaching the cape at a distance of less than 1.5 miles is not recommended.

Lighthouse Letne-Orlovsky(Letne-Orlovskiy Lighthouse) is installed at Cape Summer Orlov. The lighthouse has an audible alarm system.

pilot station available at the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse. The pilot station is mothballed.

Meeting place for pilots(65 ° 03.1 "N, 36 ° 32.0" E) for ships with a displacement of up to 100 thousand tons is located 8 miles north of Cape Summer Orlov. Delivery of the pilot is carried out by a pilot boat from the port of Onega.

Luminous buoy Letne-Orlovsky(Letne-Orlovskiy Light-Buoy) is set at 9 kbt to W from Cape Summer Orlov. The buoy protects the dangers protruding from Cape Summer Orlov.

With fresh winds from S, SW and W, it is more convenient to anchor to N or to NE from Cape Summer Orlov, but when approaching here, care must be taken and depths are measured, since banks lie on shallows with depths of less than 10 m.

Pushlakhotskaya shoal(Pushlakhotskaya Mel") lies in the middle of a vast shoal with depths of less than 20 m, which protrudes 10 miles NW from the coast between Pushhlakhta Bay and Cape Chesmensky. the banks are unreliable.The soil in the shallow area is yellow sand, silt and small stones.Pushlakhotskaya shallow is protected by luminous and non-luminous buoys and milestones.

Guba Pushlakhta is located 5 miles SSE from Cape Summer Orlov. From the south, the entrance to the bay is limited by a narrow, devoid of vegetation, rocky cape Tonkiy (Mys Tonkiy) (64 ° 49 "N, 36 ° 30" E).

The northeastern shore of the bay is elevated, covered with grass and overgrown with forest. The southwestern coast is low and also overgrown with forest, with the exception of Cape Tonkiy.

From both entrance capes of the bay, shallows jut out, strewn with dangers; a spit with a depth of less than 5 m stretches from Cape Thin at 9 kbt to NW. A milestone is set at the end of the spit.

In the middle part of the bay, near its northeastern shore, there are two rocky islands devoid of vegetation: Western Morskoy Island (Ostrovok Zapadnyy Morskoy) (64 ° 49.5 "N, 36 ° 31.4" E) and located 1 kbt to ESE from it is the island of Vostochny Morskoy (Ostrovok Vostochnyy Morskoy).

The shallow river Pushka (Reka Pushka) flows into the top of the bay. The houses of the village of Pushlakhta, located on a hill on the left bank of the mouth of the Pushka River, are clearly visible in clear weather, when the sun is in the western half of the horizon.

The bay serves as a good shelter from wind and waves from NNW through N to W. At winds from W, waves break on a drying spit protruding to WNW from Cape Tonkiy.

Depths in the middle of the entrance to the bay, 5-8 m. In the middle part of the bay, south of the islets of Western Marine and Eastern Marine, depth 3-4 m; further to the top and shores, they gradually decrease. From the entrance to the bay to the NW, a depression stretches with depths of more than 8 m.

Tidal currents. The tidal current is directed from Cape Summer Orlov to the SSE; its speed is up to 1.3 knots. This current presses the vessels against an underwater rocky shoal with depths of less than 5 m, protruding from Cape Tonkiy by 9 kbt to the NW. Then the current is divided into two jets: one jet is directed to Pushlakhta Bay along its fairway to SE, the other is directed to S along the coast to Cape Chesmensky. The ebb current follows in the opposite direction at the same speed.

Ice regime. The bay is covered with ice around the beginning of November. With strong northwest winds, the ice breaks up at the entrance to the bay and is deposited on the coastal shallows; At low tide, ice is carried out to sea. With high tide and winds from W and NW, ice packs into the lip.

The lip opens in the first days, and sometimes in the middle of May.

Navigation aids. The fairway leading to the Pushlakhta bay is equipped with a range of luminous signs.

Anchor places. It is recommended to anchor 5 kbt NW from Zapadny Morskoy islet. Depths here are 7-8 m; soil - silt. When parking, you should start the verp from the stern. During fresh winds from NW, parking here is unsafe, as a large wave enters the bay.

Pushlakhotskiy Buoy (64°49.8" N, 36°30.5" E) is exposed in the area of ​​this anchorage.

Vessels with a draft of not more than 3 m can anchor in 2 kbt along a bearing of 55 ° to the northern tip of Vostochny Morskoy Island. The depths here are about 4.5 m; soil - silt and sand.

Instructions for entering the Pushlakhta Bay. Being 3 miles at 347 ° from the Zhizhginsky lighthouse, you need to lie on the course 209 °, passing 2 miles west of Cape Summer Orlov, and follow it until the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse comes to bearing 96.5 °. Next, you need to lie on a course of 165 ° and go along the northeastern edge of the Pushlakhotskaya shoal at depths of at least 8.6 m.

Luminous buoy Pushlakhotskiy(Pushlakhotskiy Light-Buoy) (64°51.6" N, 36°23.4" E) should remain about 1 kb to SW. Reaching up to alignment of luminous signs Pushlakhotskiy(Pushlakhotskiy Leading Lights) (64 ° 49.5 "N, 36 ° 31.3" E) (direction of the alignment 302.9 ° -122.9 °), you need to lie on it and enter the lip.

When exiting Pushlakhta Bay, one should go around the Zapadny Morskoy islet from the south at a distance of at least 1 kbt. Arriving at the Pushlakhotsky target, it is necessary to bring it along the stern. If necessary, go to the port of Onega, follow the alignment until the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse arrives at bearing 14 °, then lie on a course of 188 ° and go to Cape Chesmensky. Depths on this course are over 5.8 m.

When traveling from Puschlakhta Bay to the sea basin, one should follow courses opposite to those recommended for entering the bay.

Bank Shidrovskaya(Banka Shidrovskaya) with a depth of 4.4 m lies 2.2 miles WSW from Cape Tonky. The bank is surrounded by depths of 7-9 m. A milestone is set to SW from the bank.

Chapter 4 of the White Sea Pilots also contains a description of the coast from Cape Chesmensky to the Onega River, which is not given here.

Onega river

The Onega River (Reka Onega), abounding and deep in the lower reaches, flows into the top of the Onega Bay. The mouth of the river is located between Cape Pikhnemsky (Mys Pikhnemskiy) (63 ° 57 "N, 38 ° 00" E) and Cape Pilsky (Mys Pil "skiy) located 1.3 miles 5 SSW from it. The mouth of the river is poorly identified from the sea due to the low swampy, grassy and forested banks, but it is well recognized when moving from the alignment of the luminous signs Pikhnemskiy No. 1 (Pikhnemskiy No. 1 Leading Lights) (63 ° 57.8 "N, 38 ° 02.0" E) to the target Pikhnemskiy No. 2 Leading Lights (63°56.4" N, 38°00.7" E) at Timber Export Berths (63°56" N, 38°01" E) near the right bank of the river and the pipe (63°55.9" N, 38°02.0" E), as well as along the strip of dark forest stretching on the Pomeranian coast from Cape Pilsky to the village of Vorzogory (63°54" N, 37° 41 "E). For details, see the White Sea Pilots.

Port regulations

Below are excerpts from the Compulsory Regulations on the commercial seaport of Onega, the port point of Solovki, ed. 2003, a copy of which can be obtained upon arrival at the port. Because the Bylaws change from time to time and may differ from those shown here.

1.2. The requirements of the "Compulsory Regulations" apply to all Russian and foreign ships located in the water area of ​​the port, port point, their shipowners, as well as to all legal entities and individuals, regardless of departmental affiliation and form of ownership, carrying out production or other activities in the port water area, port point and / or in the territory adjacent to it.

1.9. Vessels enter the port and leave the port around the clock, except for cases when the movement of ships in the port water area is prohibited for any reason (difficult hydrometeorological conditions, liquidation of accidents or their consequences, underwater technical work, water sports festivals and similar cases when the safety of navigation of vessels in the port water area is not ensured or the movement of vessels poses a threat to the safety of carrying out certain works on it).

Vessels enter and leave the port point of Solovki during daylight hours.

1.10. The port, port point accepts vessels with size restrictions, according to the table:

1.10.1. When navigating through the channels of the water area of ​​the port, port point, the draft of ships should not exceed the following values:

1) From receiving buoy No. 1 to berths No. 1-4 - 5.3 m.
2) From the berths of JSC OLDK to the City roadstead - 4 m.
3) From the City roadstead to the port berth - 2.5 m.
4) From the receiving buoy to the Tamarin pier, Solovki port - 5.5 m.
5) From the Tamarin pier to the Khetta and Monastyrsky berths, Solovki port - 3 m.
6) Raid oil transshipment complex - 18 m.

1.14. All vessels located in the water area of ​​a port, port point must fly their national flags.
1.14.1. When the ship is moving, regardless of the time of day, the flag is raised on the stern flagpole or on the gaff of the stern mast.
1.14.2. During the period of mooring at the berth or on the roads, the flag must be kept raised on the stern flagpole from 8:00 to sunset, from April 20 to August 20 - from 8:00 to 20:00.
1.14.3. Foreign ships during the entire time of their stay in the port must keep the flag of the Russian Federation raised on the fore-yard or in another most prominent place.

2. Navigation of vessels in the area of ​​application of the Compulsory Ordinances. Swimming rules.

2.1.5. When choosing the speed of movement in the port waters, the captains of ships should be guided by the recommendations of the pilot, but under all favorable navigation conditions, the speed of ships should be:

2.1.5.3. When following the Angarsk alignment of the Solovki port point to the Tamarin pier and further to the Kheta and Monastyrsky piers - up to 8 knots.

Rules for navigation in ice

2.1.28. Vessel navigation in ice conditions begins from the moment when primary forms of ice appear in the water area of ​​the port, port point (end of October - beginning of November) and until the water area freezes.

2.1.28.1. Depending on the ice situation in the White Sea and in the port water area, as well as the availability of icebreaking facilities, the Harbor Master sets the category of ice reinforcement and the power of the power plant for ships proceeding to the port of Onega, the port point of Solovki or sailing in its water area, which is announced in the PRIP and brought to the attention of shipowners and/or maritime agents of ships.

2.1.28.2. Vessels that do not have ice reinforcement are prohibited from navigating in the water area of ​​the port, port point of Solovki.

2.2. Pilot service

2.2.1. Pilotage (pilot operation) means any passage of a vessel in the water area of ​​the port, port point of Solovki with a pilot on board, as well as pilotage of the vessel in the wake of another vessel on which there is a pilot (leading pilotage).

2.2.1.1. Out-of-port escort - escort of vessels from the anchorage on the Karelian roadstead (63 ° 59.2 "N, 37 ° 33.7" E) to the first anchorage of the vessel (berth, road) when entering from the sea or from the last anchorage of the vessel (berth , raid) to the anchorage on the Karelian roadstead when going out to sea.

2.2.1.2. Intra-port pilotage - a pilotage operation in the water area of ​​the port, port point of Solovki when the vessel moves from one berth to another, not adjacent to the first, within the same cargo area; when changing the anchorage within one roadstead, as well as when shifting (replacing) the vessel along the front of adjacent berths at a distance of more than 50 m.

2.2.1.3. The length of the off-port wiring from the Karelian roadstead to the Timber Export Road road is 13.1 miles, to the City road road 15.6 miles.

2.2.1.4. The length of out-of-port wiring in the port point of Solovki from the meeting point of pilots (64°54.8" N, 35°43.5" E) to the turning basin is 10.1 miles, to the anchorage near the island of Pesya Luda 8 miles.

2.2.1.5. Pilotage of vessels (tankers) with a displacement of up to 100 thousand tons is mandatory, the length of the pilotage is 74.2 miles.

From the pilots' meeting point (65°03.6"N, 36°32.0"E) you should go: course 209° 2.6 miles to point 65°01.3"N, 36°29.2"E; heading 233° 10 miles to 64°55.3" N, 36°10.2" E; heading 205° 6.2 miles to 64°49.6" N, 36°04.0" E; heading 138° 22.2 miles to 64°33.1" N, 36°39.8" E; heading 145° 14.7 miles to 64°20.8" N, 36°58.5" E; heading 175° 3.3 miles to 64°17.6" N, 36°59.3" E; heading 133° 12.2 miles to 64°09.3" N, 37°19.6" E; heading 148.5 ° 3 miles to the point 64 ° 06.8 "N, 37 ° 23.2" E (anchor place RPK Osinka).

2.2.2. Pilotage in the water area of ​​the port, port point of Solovki is obligatory:

• for all foreign ships, regardless of their gross tonnage;
• for all Russian ships with a gross tonnage of 500 reg. t and more.

2.2.4. Applications for pilotage services are submitted by captains of ships directly or through maritime agents to the address of the pilotage service (telephone 2-16-54, VHF, channel 16, working channel 9, call sign "Onega-radio-5") or to the duty officer of the SIPC in writing or on VHF , channel 16 (working channel 9), around the clock at the address: 164840, Onega, Kirov Ave., 107, on the following dates:

2.2.4.1. When proceeding to the port from the sea 48 and 24 hours in advance, with subsequent clarification in 6 hours.

2.2.4.2. If you are in the port for all types of pilotage services 12 hours in advance, with subsequent clarification 6 hours in advance.

2.2.4.3. The application must contain the following data: the name of the vessel, the shipowner and maritime agent, the flag of the vessel, the maximum dimensions of the vessel (length, width, depth of the side), draft fore and aft, the time by which the pilot must arrive on the vessel.

2.2.5. In cases of postponement of the start of work or refusal of pilotage services, the master of the vessel must notify the pilotage service or the SPSC of this no later than 2 hours before the originally declared date. If this condition is not met, the captain of the ship is obliged to sign the pilot's receipt for the pilot who arrived at the previously announced time to collect the dues for a vain call.

2.2.6. Delivery of pilots to ships and their removal from ships are provided by:

• on the Karelian roadstead, in the port point of Solovki during the summer navigation period - by pilot ships "Kapitan Mityagin" and "Alexander Kuchin", whose permanent mooring is at the port berth; in other periods of navigation - by a port tug or icebreaker. The vessel performing the functions of a pilot vessel keeps a permanent watch on VHF, channel 16, call sign - the name of the vessel;
• in the rest of the port water area - by car, pilot boats or port tugs declared by the vessel to perform mooring or other operation.

3. Entry of ships into the port and exit from the port

3.1. Approach Information

3.1.1. The captains of ships proceeding to the port of Onega, the port of Solovki from the sea are obliged, through the shipowners or representatives of the agency company, to provide the checkpoint of the port of Onega (KKP "Onega") and the Onega customs with primary information on the estimated time of approach to the border of the port water area for 48 hours, again in 24 hours, followed by clarification in 6 hours.

3.1.1.1. The captains of ships arriving from abroad, in case of detection on board of foreign citizens or stateless persons seeking asylum on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as Russian citizens who are not members of the ship's crew or passengers, are obliged to immediately inform through the shipowner or marine agent about this KKP "Onega" and give information to the latter about the approach of the vessel to the border of the port water area within the time limits specified in Art. 3.1.1.

3.1.2. In the initial information about the approach, the captain reports the following information:

• vessel name;
• where the ship is coming from (port, port point of last call);
• the purpose of entering the port (unloading, loading, equipping, repair);
• name and quantity of cargo and/or passengers;
• the presence on board of the persons referred to in art. 3.1.1.1;
• name of the consignee;
• the name of the consignor, if the ship is going only for loading or additional loading;
• draft bow and stern to sea and fresh water.

3.1.2.1. Tanker captains, in addition to the information specified in this article, report the amount of ballast on board (isolated, clean, dirty) and the presence of non-degassed cargo tanks.

3.1.3. If the ship visits the port for the first time, then in the primary information addressed to the Harbor Master, in addition to Art. 3.1.2 the following information is reported:

• flag and port of registry of the vessel;
• the shipowner and his address;
• call sign and IMO identification number;
• gross and net register tonnage;
• the greatest length, width of the vessel and the height of the side;
• Draft of the vessel on the summer load line for sea and fresh water.

3.1.4. A vessel with an object in tow (lighter, floating crane, floating dock, etc.) also reports information about the towed object.

3.1.5. The captain of a ship arriving at the port in an emergency condition on its own or in tow, as well as a ship towing an emergency object, is obliged, in addition to that specified in Art. 3.1.2, 3.1.3 information, give data on the nature of the damage, the magnitude of the heel and trim, the state of stability, the maneuvering qualities of the damaged ship, taking into account the damage; the need for tugboats necessary for towing the vessel in the port water area and other, at the discretion of the captain, information about the state of the vessel that affects its seaworthiness.

3.1.6. The captains of ships arriving from abroad are obliged, no later than 6 hours before approaching the port border, to inform the sanitary authorities through a marine agent (ship owner) about the presence on board of sick or suspected of quarantine disease persons, about the death of rodents and other information according to the marine health declaration in accordance with the Rules for the Sanitary Protection of the Territory of the Russian Federation.

3.1.7. In case of redirection of the ship, the captain is obliged to notify the harbor master and other addressees specified in Art. 3.1.1 and cancel applications submitted to them.

3.2. Registration of the parish

3.2.1. All ships arriving at the port from abroad, and foreign ships, even in case of arrival from another Russian port, are required to pass border, customs and sanitary control at the berths or in the roadsteads.

Agencies serving ships arriving at the port must agree in advance with the authorities exercising the above control, the place of its implementation and inform the captains of the ships and the SPCI about this.

In turn, the captains of ships, when approaching the boundaries of the port, need to contact their maritime agent in a timely manner and clarify the place of passing the indicated formalities.

3.2.2. All vessels arriving at the port, the port point of Solovki from the sea are required to register the arrival within 24 hours from the moment of berthing or anchoring in one of the internal roads in the ISPC, or they can submit the Master's Testimony, the General Declaration, the Crew list through maritime agents, serving Russian and foreign vessels in the State Shipping and Shipping Complex (Onega, 107 Kirov Ave., tel. 2-16-54) (Solovki village, Severnaya St., 13) around the clock.

3.2.3. To formalize the arrival at the ISPC, the following must be presented: General declaration (for ships arriving from abroad) or Captain's indications for arrival (for all other ships); ship role; Certificate of the right to sail under the flag of the home port state; Certificate of ownership; Certificate of the minimum composition of the crew, ensuring the safety of the vessel; originals of documents issued by the Russian body for technical supervision and classification of ships (Marine and River Register), or another Russian body for technical supervision, or a foreign classification society, confirming that the vessel meets the requirements for navigational safety and security environment, and a copy of the Cargo Declaration.

Russian ships must additionally present a copy of the license for the right to perform certain transport activities of their shipowner or directly by this ship.

3.2.4. If an accident occurs on the voyage with the vessel, the master of the vessel, upon arrival at the port, informs the master of the port in writing about this in the General Declaration or the Master's Indications for arrival, and also submits an Emergency Statement.

3.3. Exit clearance

3.3.1. The captains of all vessels intending to go beyond the sea boundary of the port water area (see Art. 1.8) are required to obtain permission from the ISPC to set sail (departure).

3.3.2.1. Vessel captains must inform the SPSC about the upcoming sailing at least 12 hours before the expected time of shooting from the mooring lines (anchors) and agree with it the procedure for registering the departure (independently at the SPSC or by its representative on board the ship).

3.3.2.2. The decision on the place of registration of the departure is made by the senior state inspector of the ISPC, about which he informs the captain of the vessel no later than 6 hours before the declared estimated time of shooting from the moorings or anchor.

3.3.2.3. The captains of the ships whose departure will be processed on board are obliged to clarify in the SPSC no later than 4 hours in advance the time of the ship's readiness for inspection by the SPSC representative.

3.3.2.4. In case of postponing the time of registration of departure or refusal, the master of the vessel must notify the SPSC of this no later than 2 hours before the original declared deadline. In case of non-fulfillment of this condition, the captain of the vessel is obliged to sign a receipt for the collection of the fee for a vain call to the inspector of the State Civil Aviation Committee, who arrived at the earlier declared time.

3.3.3. The captains of ships going abroad, and of foreign ships and in cases of going to another Russian port, are obliged through maritime agents to notify the relevant authorities 12 hours in advance of the expected time of presenting the vessel for border and customs control, with subsequent clarification 4 and 2 hours in advance.

3.3.4. The captains of all Russian ships, before registering the departure at the State Inspectorate, must present the ship to the Sanitary and Quarantine Department (SKO) of the State Epidemiological Supervision. Applications for presenting the vessel to the doctors of the North Kazakhstan region are accepted from 9 am to 3 pm on the current day and during the working day - the next.

North Kazakhstan Region address: 129, Oktyabrsky Ave., tel. 2-36-14.

3.3.5. When the vessel stays in the port for less than 24 hours, all information and applications provided for in Art. 3.3.2-3.3.4 are given immediately upon the ship's arrival at the port.

3.3.6. If the ship cannot be ready by the declared deadline for processing certain port formalities for departure, the captain is obliged to notify the relevant services and authorities no later than 2 hours before the originally declared deadline, indicate another time for the ship to be ready, or completely cancel the application.

3.3.7. To formalize the departure to the ISPC, the following is presented: General Declaration (for ships going abroad) or Master's Statement for the right of departure (for all other ships); Certificate of safe stowage and securing of cargo or certificate of acceptance of cargo securing works; fire and sanitary certificates (for Russian ships); two copies of the crew list; diplomas and qualification certificates of the crew, as well as ship documents listed in Art. 3.2.3.

3.3.8. The captain of the towed vessel (if there is a crew on board) arranges the departure independently. In addition to the documents listed in Art. 3.3.7, the Instruction for ensuring the safety of sea towing, approved by the Register or another classification society, should be presented to the SPSC.

In addition to the documents listed in Article 3.3.7, the captain of the tugboat, when registering the departure, must present the Transition Plan, Instructions for ensuring the safety of sea towing, and if there is no crew on the towed object or there are no certified marine specialists on it, then present an inspection report of this object before towing by the commission of the towing vehicle.

3.3.13. The permission to go to sea issued by the IPPC is valid for 24 hours.

3.3.14. If, after the departure was formalized at the SPSC, for any reason, the ship was delayed in the port for more than 24 hours, or if there were changes in the composition of the crew from the moment the departure was processed, the captain of the ship is obliged to report this to the SPSC and agree with it on the procedure for re-issuing the departure.

3.3.15. The captains of ships that have entered the water area of ​​a port, a port point from the sea and anchored in the outer roads to complete border formalities, shelter from a storm, hand over a patient, receive (deliver) a towed object, receive supplies, must register the arrival and departure through the shipowner or the marine agent by transferring to the Harbor Master information about the vessel, provided for in Art. 3.1.2 and 3.1.3, indicating the ship's final destination.

3.3.18. Despite the departure registered in the ISPC, the Harbor Master has the right to delay the departure of the vessel to the sea in the following cases:

• presentation of claims and requirements to the ship from the border and customs authorities;
• changes in the navigational or hydrometeorological situation preventing the ship from leaving the port;
• presentation of property claims to the vessel by any enterprises of the city in accordance with the established procedure;
• if it is found that the ship has a heel of more than 5° or its seaworthiness has deteriorated, which poses a threat to navigation in the port water area.

4. Parking of ships in the port

4.1. Parking of ships on roads

4.1.1. The ship may anchor in one or another roadstead in agreement with the SPSI or on its direct instructions.

4.1.2. Anchoring of foreign and Russian vessels for carrying out border and customs control is allowed on the Karelian roadstead, Lesoexport roadstead, at the anchorage of the Osinka RPK and at the port berths.

4.1.3. All ships are prohibited from anchoring:

• at a flood current speed of more than 3 knots;
• with wind force over 6 points (wind speed over 12 m/s)
• at a distance of less than 200 m from the place of diving operations; in the security zones of cables, underwater pipelines and water intakes;
• on the fairways and near them, with the exception of cases provided for in Art. 2.1.15.

4.3. Ship mooring

4.3.1. Captains of ships intending to approach the berth, despite previously received information about the readiness of the berth to receive the vessel, must independently or through a marine agent (ship owner) obtain permission from the owner of the berth to approach it.

4.3.2. Before approaching the berth or another vessel at the berth, the master of the vessel must report to the SPSC on the presence or absence of towing assistance and ask her for permission to approach.

• there is no permission to approach from the owner of the berth;
• ISPC prohibited the approach, regardless of the permission of the owner of the berth;
• foreign and Russian ships arriving from abroad have not received permission from the border and customs authorities; the approach of other vessels to these vessels or to the berth near (less than 30 m) from their mooring is also prohibited;
• there are no mooring men on the berth;
• at an adjacent berth, another vessel is mooring.

Note. Disembarkation from the ship to the berth of crew members to receive or return mooring lines is prohibited.

4.3.5. The approach of vessels to the berths should be carried out, as a rule, with the bow against the tidal current acting at that moment.

4.3.6. When mooring to a berth or another vessel and when departing from them, the captains of sea vessels are obliged to use port tugs and (or) icebreaking facilities. An application for a tug in the port is submitted no later than 4 hours before the start of the operation to the duty officer for the SPCI on VHF, channel 16, and at the port point of Solovki - to the duty officer for the SPPI 48 hours in advance, followed by confirmation 24 hours in advance.

4.3.7. To prevent damage to the underwater part of the ship's hull and the berth, the approach to the berth of ships with a heel of more than 5° to the outer (river) side is prohibited.

4.3.8. Vessels with a bow bulb must approach the berth with the help of tugs, and when touching the berth with the hull, contact of the bulb with the berth must be excluded.

4.3.9. When the ship approaches the berth or another ship, all protruding objects and ship's devices must be promptly removed inside over the side line.

4.3.10. If anchors were used during the mooring operation, then after its completion, the latter should be raised “to the place” and secured with tape and screw stoppers.

4.5. Change of parking places

4.5.1. The dispatching service of the owner of the berth or stevedoring company is obliged to notify the captain of the ship directly or through a marine agent no later than 4 hours in advance of the time of the beginning of the hauling or rearrangement of the vessel and the completion of cargo and auxiliary work, followed by clarification 2 hours in advance.

If these actions are planned for evening or night time, then the captain of the ship must be warned about this before 17:00 of the current day.

4.5.2. Upon receipt of the above information, the captain of the vessel, directly or through a maritime agent, must submit an application for movement to the ISPC, and the captains of foreign and Russian ships of foreign voyages - provide information and obtain permission to change the parking lot at the border and customs authorities.

4.5.3. By the time specified by the dispatcher, the ship must be fully prepared for hauling or passage, and, if necessary, a pilot and towing assistance must be ordered.

4.5.5. The passage of a vessel with disabled main engines or steering equipment from one port area to another, as well as the transfer of a vessel from one berth to another within the same area, is allowed after agreement with the Harbor Master of the conditions for ensuring the safety of the vessel during the performance of these works.

4.5.7. Hauling vessels within one berth or to an adjacent berth on mooring cables using deck mechanisms is allowed only for vessels up to 100 m in length.

4.5.7.1. Vessels with a length of 100 to 130 m, with the indicated constrictions, must have the main engines in readiness and, if necessary, use them at the slowest speed.

In case of wind force more than 5 points (wind speed more than 10 m/s), towing assistance must be ordered to ensure safety.

4.5.7.2. When hauling vessels over 130 m in length, the readiness of the main engines for operation and towing support are obligatory under any hydrometeorological conditions.

4.5.8. The hauling of all vessels along adjacent berths by more than 100 m, as well as the transfer from one berth to another, not adjacent to the first, is considered an intra-port passage, in which for the vessels specified in Art. 2.2.2, the presence of a pilot and towing assistance is mandatory.

4.6. Cargo operations and towing of ships in the port, port point

4.6.1. For the performance of loading and unloading operations on foreign and coastal navigation vessels, the port has berths belonging to various owners:

• timber export berths No. 1-4 for loading lumber;
• port berth for loading and unloading general cargo;
• urban roadstead (floating berths) for loading round timber from the water;
• cargo-passenger berth Tamarin (port point of Solovki);
• cargo berth Kheta (port point of Solovki);
• passenger berth Monastyrsky (port point of Solovki).

About ship bunkering

4.6.19. Bunkering of ships moored at berths is allowed only with the consent of their owners and after meeting the requirements for ensuring fire safety and preventing pollution of the berth and adjacent water area.

4.6.20. Bunkering of ships with dangerous goods on board is allowed only in the roadstead with the special permission of the fire authorities. The place of anchorage for this operation is determined by the Harbor Master.

4.6.22. The above requirements apply to the performance of operations for supplying ships with oils and other types of supplies containing hazardous substances, as well as for the delivery by ships of waters contaminated with substances harmful to human health and the environment.

4.7. Storm action

4.7.3. Upon receiving a storm warning, captains of seagoing vessels and port fleet vessels are obliged to take all measures to ensure the safe mooring of the vessel during stormy weather (make additional mooring lines, give up a second anchor, prepare the engine for operation, etc. up to changing the mooring place).

4.7.4. With the receipt of a storm warning, sea-going vessels designed or equipped for emergency rescue operations, regardless of departmental affiliation and ownership, must be put in constant readiness to go to sea to perform work to save people or to provide assistance to ships in distress.

These vessels may be attracted by the Harbor Master to perform the above mentioned works in the port water area.

4.9. Prevention of environmental pollution

4.9.1. All marine Russian and foreign ships, ships of port, river and small fleets, as well as all legal entities, carrying out any activity in the port water area, are obliged to comply with the requirements of the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78), the Law of the Russian Federation on Environmental Protection dated 12/19/91, the Manual for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (RD 31.04 .23-94) and other normative acts (rules, manuals, instructions, etc.) issued on their basis.

Pomeranian shore of the bay

From the Soroca bay to the port of Kem

From the Soroca bay to the port of Kem the coast extends 22 miles to NNW. The coast is low and rocky, cut throughout by numerous bays and coves, most of which are shallow and partially or completely dry up. The largest bays are Shueretskaya (64°47" N, 34°55" E) and Kemskaya (64°58" N, 34°45" E). This section of the coast is bordered by many islands, islets and dangers that form the southern part of the Kemsky skerries; the outer edge of the skerries is removed from the coast at a distance of up to 10 miles. Due to the large number of dangers and shallow water, navigation here is possible on boats and ships with shallow draft. Vessels with a large draft when sailing in this area should go around the Kemsky skerries from the east. Among the outer islands of the middle part of the Kemsky skerries lies the Kuzovsky fairway (Kuzovskiy Fairway), along which ships sometimes approach the village of Rabocheostrovsk; this fairway leads from the southeast from Tupichikha Island (64°54" N, 35°08" E) to the Pyalludy Islands (65°00" N, 34°56" E) to the Ship fairway.

Noteworthy points. When sailing from the Sorokskaya Bay to the port of Kem, reference points can be: the forested mountain Revyazhya (Gora Revyazh "ya) (64 ° 51 "N, 34 ° 55" E); Russian Kuzov Island (64 ° 56 "N, 35 ° 08" E), opening from 25-28 miles, and German Body Island (64°57" N, 35°10" E), opening from about 30 miles.

Navigation aids. Some hazards are protected by luminous buoys and milestones.

The bay juts out into the shore 4 miles N from Cape Vygnavolok. Entrance to the bay is possible in high water on small boats with knowledge of local navigation conditions. The banks of the lips are low. At 1.5 miles from the coastline, the terrain rises somewhat; the coast here is overgrown with shrubs and forests.

From the north, the bay is bounded by the southern coast of Shuyostrov Island. In the depths of this island are gently sloping hills covered with forest. Shuyostrov Island is separated from the coast of the mainland by a narrow drying strait of Soroca Salma.

The described lip is shallow; depths in it are less than 5 m. The banks of the bay are bordered by dry land, at its top having a width of up to 3 miles.

In the bay and in front of the entrance to it, there are many islands, surface and underwater stones and cans. Most of the islands are elevated, covered with forests and have gently sloping coasts. The largest of the islands is Medvezhiy Island (Ostrov Medvezhiy), located 5.8 miles N from Cape Vygnavolok. 1.2 miles NE from Medvezhiy Island are the Sosnovtsy Islands, which have low rocky shores covered with meadow vegetation and forest.

The most seaward are the Sail Islands, which lie in front of the entrance to the bay 4 miles NE from Cape Vygnavolok. When swimming in the bay area, you should not cross the 10 m isobath.

Islands Big Zhuzhmuy and Small Zhuzhmuy(Islands Bol "shoy Zhuzhmuy, Malyy Zhuzhmuy) (64 ° 37" N, 35 ° 40 "E) are located in the middle part of the bay.

The northwestern part of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island is much higher than its middle and southeastern parts. In the area of ​​Cape Svetelka - the western tip of the island - the coast is high. Toward Mys Sennoy (64°39" N, 35°35" E) - the southern tip of the island - the terrain gradually decreases and becomes lowland. The island is overgrown with forest, which on the southwestern coast comes close to the water, and on the northeastern coast begins 2-3 kbt from the coastline.

The island of Small Zhuzhmuy is much lower than the island of Big Zhuzhmuy. The northern part of the island of Maly Zhuzhmuy is higher than the southern one and gradually drops to the southeast. The island is overgrown with forest.

The islands of Big Zhuzhmuy and Small Zhuzhmuy lie on the same common shallow water. The shores of the islands, with the exception of the northern coast of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island, are bordered by dry land. From the southeastern tip of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island, a drying shoal protrudes 1.5 miles to the SE, on which three islands covered with shrubs lie; between this shoal and the dry land bordering the northern tip of the island of Maly Zhuzhmuy, there is a strait 1-5 kbt wide.

Banks with depths of 5-19.4 m are scattered within 7 miles SW of Cape Svetelka.

Banks with depths of 5.6-10 m.

Approaching the island of Maly Zhuzhmuy is dangerous because of the many pitfalls lying on the shallows with depths of less than 5 m. The southern tip of this island should be rounded at a distance of at least 2.5 miles.

Lighthouse Zhuzhmuysky(Zhuzhmuyskiy Lighthouse) (64°40.7" N, 35°33.6" E) is located in the middle part of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island on a vast treeless plain, gradually lowering to the east and southeast.

Buildings at the lighthouse are visible in the sector from 0° to 115°.

The lighthouse has a radio beacon.

Zhuzhmuysky sign(Zhuzhmuyskiy Beacon) (64°41.0" N, 35°34.2" E) is located on the northeastern coast of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island.

The alignment of this sign with the lighthouse Zhuzhmuysky leads to the anchorage near the north-eastern coast of the Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy island.

Luminous sign Small Zhuzhmuy(Malyy Zhuzhmuy Light-Beacon) is installed on the southeastern tip of the island of Maly Zhuzhmuy.

Bank Zhuzhmuyskaya(Banka Zhuzhmuyskaya) with a shallowest depth of 1.2 m is located 1.8 miles NNE from Cape Svetelka. From the northern, western and southern sides of the bank is deep.

Jar with the smallest depth of 6.2 m lies 3.4 miles WNW from Cape Svetelka.

Bullet-Luda Islet(Ostrovok Pulya-Luda) is located 7.5 kbt SW from Cape Svetelka. There are dangers within 3 kbt of the WSW of this barren granite island.

Islet Pechak(Ostrovok Pechak), sandy-stony and conspicuous, lies on a dry land protruding from the western coast of the island of Maly Zhuzhmuy 8 kbt to the SW from its northern tip.

Anchor places for vessels with a large draft are available in the roadsteads near the island of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy. With winds from NE and E, you can anchor in the southwestern roadstead 1-1.3 miles SW from the middle of the southwestern coast of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island. Depths here are 12-20 m; soil - silt and sand.

Vessels with a draft of up to 4 m can anchor at the point of intersection of bearings 0° to Cape Svetelka and 270° to Pulya-Luda Island. Depths here are 6-7 m; soil - silt and sand. With northern and partly north-western winds, vessels with a draft of up to 4 m can anchor at 4-5 kbt at 235 ° from Cape Sennaya. Depths here are 6-7 m. It is not recommended to approach the shore at depths of less than 5 m.

With winds from S, W and SW, you can anchor in the north-eastern roadstead 3-4 kbt to NE from the Zhuzhmuysky sign. Depths here are 11-14 m; soil - silt, sand and stone. Approaching this anchorage should be on a course of 220.2 ° along the alignment of the Zhuzhmuysky sign with the Zhuzhmuysky lighthouse; alignment direction 40.2°- 220.2°. The smallest depth on the alignment axis (seaward from the anchorage) is 7 m.

From the southeast winds, you can hide on the northwestern roadstead near the northwestern coast of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island. It should be borne in mind that the depths here increase sharply from 5 m to 30 m or more; soil - silt and small stone.

Islets Bolshaya Sennukha and Malaya Sennukha(Ostrovki Bol "shaya Sen-nukha, Malaya Sennukha) lie 8 miles N from Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island.

The islet Bolshaya Sennukha is 27.5 m high, stony and covered with peat. Steep granite shores of the island, devoid of vegetation, have a light gray color. In late spring and early summer, due to the abundance of cloudberries growing on it, the island of Bolshaya Sennukha has a red-yellow color.

The islet Malaya Sennukha is low, rocky and devoid of any vegetation.

The strait between the islands Bolshaya Sennukha and Malaya Sennukha is not navigable. The shores of both islands, especially the island of Bolshaya Sennukha, are shallow, but approaching the islets at a distance of less than 1 mile is not recommended, since there are very shallow depths near them.

tidal currents pass in the area of ​​the islands Bolshaya Sennukha and Malaya Sennukha in two branches. One branch follows from the eastern side of the Solovetsky Islands, and the other from the western side of the throne. These branches, merging, form a current, which, even with weak winds, contributes to the rapid emergence of significant waves.

Luminous sign of Sennuh(Sennukha Light-Beacon) is installed on the island of Bolshaya Sennukha.

Bank of Waterloo(Banka Vaterloo) with a shallowest depth of 3 m lies 2 miles SSE from Bolshaya Sennukha islet. It is located on the alignment line of the island Malaya Sennukha with the Solovetsky lighthouse. The bank is surrounded by great depths.

Bank East Sennukha(Banka Vostochnaya Sennukha) with the smallest depth of 4.4 m lies 3.5 miles NE from Bolshaya Sennukha islet. From this bank, about 10 miles in the direction NW to the Topa Islands, an almost continuous chain of banks stretches with depths of 3.6-9.4 m.

Bank West Sennukha(Banka Zapadnaya Sennukha) with a depth of 1.6 m is located 1.9 miles N from the island of Bolshaya Sennukha.

Jar with the smallest depth of 7.4 m lies 2.3 miles W from Bolshaya Sennukha islet.

Warbarludy Islands(Ostrova Varbarludy) are located 8.7 miles NNE from Cape Vygnavolok. The northern one of the islands of Varbarluda is called Kentovyy Island.

Banks with depths of 1.2-8.8 m are scattered within 1.5 miles NE of Kentovy Island.

The bank with the smallest depth of 5.4 m lies 3.7 miles E of Kent Island. The soil on the bank is a small stone.

Ostrov Rovnyazhiy (64°48" N, 35°15" E) is granite, covered with peat, and has rather steep, shallow shores.

Luminous sign Rovnyazhy(Rovnyazhiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the island of Rovnyazhiy.

Bank Rovnyazhya(Banka Rovnyazh "ya) with the smallest depth of 3.6 m is located 3.4 miles SE from Rovnyazhy Island. The bank is surrounded by depths of 12-18 m.

Islet of Sennukh(Ostrovok Sennukha) granite, covered with peat, lies 2.1 kbt N from Rovnyazhiy Island. The shores of the island of Sennuh are deep.

Bank Revyazhya(Banka Revyazh "ya) with a distinctive depth of 3.6 m lies 1 kbt to W from Sennukha islet.

Jar with the smallest depth of 4.8 m is located 8 kbt NNE from Sennukha islet.

Islet Nameless Luda(Ostrovok Bezymyannaya Luda) granite, covered with peat, lies 2.3 miles W from Rovnyazhiy Island. The shores of the island are bordered by dry land.

Nokhkaludy Islands(Ostrova Nokhkaludy) - two islands: Bolshaya Nokhkaluda and Malaya Nokhkaludy and two low granite islands devoid of vegetation - located 9 kbt NW from Bezymyanny Luda islet.

Big Nokhkaluda Island(Ostrov Bol "shaya Nokhkaluda) with a height of 53.5 m is the eastern and largest of the islands of Nokhkaluda. It is rocky, covered with peat and has steep banks. Two hills rise on the island, which are separated by a shallow saddle, noticeable from N and S. The western hill is somewhat The shores of Bolshaya Nokhkaluda Island are shallower, with depths of 10 m in some places approaching very close to the shores of the island.

Malaya Nokhkaluda Island(Island Malaya Nokhkaluda) lies 2.5 kbt NW from Bolshaya Nokhkaluda Island.

Shuyeretskaya Guba juts out into the Pomorsky coast of the bay between Cape Buynavolok (Mys Buynavolok) (64°45" N, 35°01" E) and Cape Poltamkorga, located 5.5 miles NNW from it. From the south, the bay is bounded by the island of Shuyostrov.

On the southeastern coast of the bay rise hills with gentle slopes, covered with mixed forest. On the northwestern side of the bay, in some places, mountains approach the coastline.

The shallow and accessible to high water for boats and small vessels, with knowledge of local navigation conditions, the Shuya River (Reka Shuya) flows into the top of the bay; on the banks of the river, 2 miles above its mouth, there is a large village Shueretskoye (Shuyeretskoye).

In the bay and in front of the entrance to it, there are many islands, surface and underwater rocks and other dangers that form the southern part of the Kemsky skerries.

The shores of the bay are bordered by dry land. From the southeastern coast of the bay, the dry land protrudes approximately 3.5 miles to N, filling almost entirely the outer and middle parts of the bay; a large number of islands are scattered on the dry land.

Between the northwestern coast of the bay and the dry land protruding from its southeastern coast lies the narrow Shuiskaya Salma Strait (Proliv Shuyskaya Salma). Its width between the drying edges is 2-5 kbt. From the eastern entrance (64°49.6" N, 34°58.4" E) the Shuiskaya Salma Strait leads to the SW along the northwestern coast of the bay to the bar of the Shuya River. In front of the river bar, the Sorokskaya Salma Strait (Proliv Sorokskaya Salma) branches off to the south from the Shuiskaya Salma Strait.

Depths in the bay are less than 10 m.

Ravluda Island(Ostrov Ravluda) is located 2 miles ESE from Cape Poltamkorg. There are many dangers between this cape and the island of Ravluda. At 4 kbt to W from the island of Ravluda are the granitic islands of Stvornyye Ludki, devoid of vegetation.

jetty 30 m long is located at Cape Pannavolok (Mys Pannavolok) (64 ° 48.9 "N, 34 ° 56.6" E). Depth along the berth is 0.3 m. In full water, in calm weather, boats with a draft of up to 1.5 m can approach the berth.

Guidance for swimming from the Soroca Bay to the Shueretskaya Bay. Following along the Belomorsky alignment, it is necessary, when the shining sign Osinka comes to bearing 168 °, lie on a course of 2 °, laying it 3 miles to E from the largest of the Varbarludy islands and 4 kbt to W from Rovnyazhy Island.

Following a heading of 2°, depths should be measured, especially when passing a bank (64°45" N, 35°15" E) with a depth of 5.4 m and located 1.5 miles N from it, a bank with a depth of 6.6 m When the sign Rovnyazhiy comes to bearing 39°, you should lay on the course 270° and go to Shueretskaya Bay, the entrance to which requires special care and knowledge of local navigation conditions.

Beloguzikha Island(Ostrov Beloguzikha) (64 ° 51.6 "N, 35 ° 05.4" E) 35.2 m high, rocky has two peaks separated by a saddle. The flat surface of the island is covered with stunted forest and shrubs; the shores of the island are steep, deep; depths of about 10 m in places come close to its shores. From the southern end of the island, a shoal protrudes 1.5 kbt to the WSW, on which the island lies.

Bolshoy Revyazhy Island(Ostrov Bol "shoy Revyazhiy), covered with meadow vegetation and forest, is located on a drying shoal 2 miles NNW from Cape Poltamkorg. Between Cape Poltamkorg and Bolshoi Revyazhiy Island, on a drying shoal, there are several more islands covered with forest and many above-water and underwater stones.

Saddle Islands(Ostrova Sedel "nyye) - a group of two islands, near which there are several rocky islands devoid of vegetation and drying stones - located 1.6 miles N from Beloguzikha Island.

The northern, larger of the Sedelny Islands is 44.4 m high and has a rocky surface with three separate hills. The valleys of the island and the saddles between the hills are overgrown with forest and shrubs. The shores of the island are rocky. It is higher than the southern island, devoid of vegetation and covered with peat.

The Saddle Islands are bordered by shallow water; the strait between them is not navigable.

Strong tidal currents are observed in the strait between the Sedelny Islands.

Eiders nest on the Sedelny Islands.

Tupichikha Island (Ostrov Tupichikha) with a height of 45.6 m lies 1 mile E from the Saddle Islands. This small rocky island is covered with peat and tundra vegetation. Deciduous shrubs grow on its southern shore. The shores of the island are shallow. Depths of 10 m in places come close to the northern and southern shores. At 1 kbt to W from the island of Tupichikha lies a rocky islet, devoid of vegetation.

The Domniny Islands are located 6 kbt NW from Tupichiha Island. These granite islands are covered with peat; their banks are steep and deep. At 6 kbt to N from the western one of the Domnina Islands there is a shoal with depths of less than 15 m, on which there are rocky banks with depths of 1.8-7.4 m and a rocky dry land.

There are strong tidal currents between the Domnina Islands. Swimming in the area of ​​the islands is dangerous due to drying stones located 1 kbt south of them.

Jar with a depth of 1.6 m is located 1 kbt SW from the middle of the eastern of the Domnina Islands.

Chicken Nilaxa Island(Ostrov Kurich "ya Nilaksa), 48.8 m high, lies 8.4 kbt N from Tupichikha Island. The shores of Kurichya Nilaksa Island, devoid of vegetation, are steep and deep.

Island is located 5 kbt to the SE from the island of Kurichya Nilaksa. At 0.5 kbt to NE from the island lies a bank with a depth of 1.2 m.

Island low rocky, devoid of vegetation, lies 2.8 kbt NW from the island of Kurichya Nilaksa. When the wind is strong, waves roll over the island.

Island Lodeyny (Ostrov Lodeynyy), 65.4 m high, rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, is located 8 kbt E from Kurichya Nilaksa Island. The shores of Lodeyny Island are shallow and deep. The southwestern slopes of the island are stepped-precipitous, rocky. On the eastern side of the island in its middle part there is a hollow overgrown with coniferous forest, the western slopes of the hollow are covered with deciduous shrubs.

On the south side of the island there is a bay protected from the northern winds.

Russian Body Island(Ostrov Russkiy Kuzov) (64°56" N, 35°08" E) 123.2 m high, hilly is one of the highest islands of the Kemsky skerries. The slopes of the northern hills are even, rounded and covered on all sides with mixed forest; towards the summit, the forest thins out, and the summit itself is almost completely devoid of vegetation. The remaining hills located in the southern part of the island are devoid of vegetation and are separated from the hill mentioned above by a low wooded and marshy valley extending in the direction of 70°-250°.

The shores of the island are low and only at the northern tip and in the region of the southern hills do they descend rather steeply to the sea.

Drainage off the coast of the island has a width of no more than 1 kbt. Depths in passages between Russkiy Kuzov Island and Kurichya Nilaksa and Lodeyny Islands are 5-11.6 m. strong tidal currents are observed in this passage.

Bay(64°55" N, 35°09" E) juts out into the southern coast of Russky Kuzov Island. The bay serves as a shelter for small vessels from the north, northwest and northeast winds. The shores of the bay are gently sloping, bordered by a wide sandy-stony dry land. Depths at the entrance to the bay are 3-5 m.

Setnoy, Upper, Middle and Residential Islands(Ostrova Setnoy, Verkhniy, Sredniy, Zhiloy) are located respectively 5.3 kbt, 1.2 miles, 1.6 miles and 2.4 miles E from Russky Kuzov Island. These islands are rocky, their shores are deep. The islands are covered with tundra vegetation and peat. At 0.7; 1.2 and 4.5 kbt to N from Zhiloy Island are, respectively, surface, underwater rocks and a rocky island.

German Body Island(Ostrov Nemetskiy Kuzov) 118.2 m high, built of granite, lies 2 kbt NE from the northern part of the eastern coast of Russky Kuzov Island. Two devoid of vegetation hills rise on the island of German Body. The eastern hill is much higher than the western one; its southern slope is steep, almost sheer. On the south side of the island, forests grow in the valleys. The northern slope of the island is gentle and devoid of vegetation.

From the east and west, the island has the appearance of a huge blue rock, which gradually rises to the south and, having reached its greatest height, breaks off almost vertically. From the north, from about 15-20 miles, the island also has the appearance of a huge bluish rock with a flat surface and with edges that break off almost vertically to the west and east, the western edge being more gentle than the eastern one.

The northern and western shores of the German Body Island are steep. In the passage between the islands of Nemetskiy Kuzov and Russkiy Kuzov, the depth is 7-31 m; soil is stone. The southern part of the passage is blocked by banks with depths of 1.2-3.6 m, bordered by a 5 m isobath. This passage is usually not used.

At 1 kbt to N from the northeastern tip of Nemeckiy Kuzov Island lies the rocky, peat-covered Ostrov Chernetskiy Island, and at 0.6 kbt to N from it lies an emersed rock.

Crow Islands(Ostrova Voron "i) - three hilly islands covered with tundra vegetation - lie 0.5 kbt to E from the eastern coast of the island of German Kuzov. The southeastern slopes of the islands are steep, at the foot of the cliffs on narrow terraces there are placers of stones. Terraces on two of the larger islands are overgrown with mixed forest.

The strait between the Voronya Islands and the German Kuzov Island is accessible to boats with shallow draft.

The tidal currents in the southern part of the Voronya Islands and in the drying straits between them are very strong.

Anchor places for vessels with a draft of up to 1.5 m are:

4 kbt S from the southeastern tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island. It is protected from all winds except the south. The depth here is 6.2 m; soil - sand and silt;

4 kbt SE from the southeastern tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island. It is accessible to boats and protected from all winds except south and southeast. Depths here are 3-8 m; soil - silt and stone.

Oleshin Island (Ostrov Oleshin), 31 m high, lying 1 mile to ENE from 30 north-east tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island, is the most seaward of the islands of the Kemsky skerries. This rocky, with three hills covered with tundra vegetation, and with gentle slopes towards the saddles, the island has steep coasts. Shrubs grow along the slopes of the valleys.

The northeastern and southwestern coasts of Oleshin Island are steep. At 2.2 kbt to W from the northern tip of Oleshin Island lies the island of Severnaya Tupichikha (Ostrov Severnaya Tupichikha).

There are drying stones 3 kbt E from Oleshin Island. In the passage between the island and these stones, the soil is sand and silt. Eiders nest on the island.

The Darina Islands (Ostrova Dar "iny) lie 1.5 miles W from the northwestern tip of Russian Body Island. The eastern of these two islands is higher than the western one. The sandy surface of the islands is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation and shrubs.

The shores of the islands are shallow. Depths of about 10 m come close to the western coast of the eastern of the islands.

South Kolovar and North Kolovar Islands(Ostrova Yuzhnyy Kolovar, Severnyy Kolovar) lie 7 kbt to WNW and 9.2 kbt to NW, respectively, from the western of the Darina Islands.

The island of South Kolovar, 68.5 m high, is hilly and consists of two elevated, forested parts, connected by a narrow low isthmus. The northern slopes of the hills are gentle and end near the water with a sandy lowland, the southern slopes are steep, and the eastern ones are steep. Hollows and slopes of hills are overgrown with coniferous forest. The tops of the hills are covered with tundra vegetation.

North Kolovar Island, 58.7 m high, almost closely adjoins South Kolovar Island from the north and is separated from it only by a narrow drying strait. The slopes of the hills in the northern part are gentle, in the southern part they are steep; there are hollows in the western and eastern parts. Coniferous forest grows on the slopes and in the hollows. The tops of the hills are covered with tundra vegetation. This rocky island is covered in places with sand and peat; South part the islands are overgrown with forest. The shores of the island gently slope down to the water. Across the island in the direction NE - SW stretches a deep low ravine, covered with stunted forest.

A bay (64°58" N, 35°00" E) protrudes into the northwestern coast of the island of North Kolovar, accessible to small craft.

1 kbt NW from North Kolovar Island is Olkhovy Island (Ostrov Ol "khovyy), whose low shores are overgrown with forest and shrubs. 1.8 kbt NE from the northeastern tip of South Kolovar Island is Akulya Island (Ostrov Akul" ya ). The granite island of Shark has gently sloping shores; the slopes of the island are covered with tundra vegetation.

To the west and southwest of the islands of North Kolovar and South Kolovar lie islands that extend in a chain to the coast of the mainland.

The shores of the Olkhovy, Northern Kolovar and Akulya islands are steep from the north and east. The western shores of the South Kolovar and North Kolovar islands are shallow; the bottom to the west of these islands is uneven.

Pesya Luda Island(Ostrov Pes "ya Luda) (64 ° 58" N, 35 ° 05 "E) is covered with tundra vegetation. The shores of the island are sloping, bordered by a narrow strip of drying and are deep; the northwestern coast is especially deep.

Islet of Luda-Vodohlebikh(Ostrovok Luda-Vodokhlebikha), which lies 4.5 kbt W from Pesya Luda Island, is rocky and covered with tundra vegetation. Deep island

Islet Luda-Saltykovka(Ostrovok Luda-Saltykovka) - a low granite rock bordered by a dry land - located 1.6 miles to ENE from the island of Pesya Luda. The islet is deep; it can be safely passed within a distance of 3 kb.

Plosky Island (Ostrov Ploskyy) is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation and shrubs, lies 7.5 kbt NW from Pesya Luda Island. The southern coast of the island is flat and steep, the rest are gently sloping. The coast of the island is quite steep.

2 kbt E from Plosky Island lies a small rocky island, Khudyye Ludy, covered with tundra vegetation, whose shores are shallow, and 1 kbt to NNE from Khudye Ludy Island, there is a rocky island Maly Setnoy (Ostrovok Malyy Setnoy).

At 0.2-0.5 kbt to W from the island of Maly Setnoy, drying stones lie. There are several above-water and underwater rocks and islets between the island of Maly Setnaya and Plosky Island.

Jar with a depth of 3.6 m lies 1.9 kbt to the ESE from the island of Maly Setnoy.

Island Taparukha (Ostrov Taparukha), 45.7 m high, rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, is located 3.2 kbt N from Plosky Island. The northern and western shores of the island of Taparukha are steep. The southern part of the eastern coast of the island is shallow. From the middle of the eastern coast of the island, a drying shoal protrudes 0.3 kbt. On the shores of the island there is a fin. At 1 kbt to E from the middle of the eastern coast of the island of Taparuha lies a rocky dry land.

Islet Vorotnya(Ostrovok Vorotnya), covered with tundra vegetation, with rocky shores, lies 0.5 kbt SE from the southeastern tip of Taparukha Island.

Jar with a distinctive depth of 4.2 m, is located 1.6 kbt SW of the southwestern tip of Taparukha Island.

Island Izbyanoy (Ostrov Izbyanoy) lies 3.6 kbt E from the southeastern tip of the island of Taparukha. The southern and southwestern shores of the flat, stony island of Izbyanoy covered with tundra vegetation are steep and deep; from the northern and eastern shores of the island there is an extensive rocky dry land. On the shores of the island there is a fin. Eiders nest here.

Podvostochny Island(Ostrov Podvostochnyy), covered with tundra vegetation, lies directly to E from Izbyanoy Island and is connected to it by a drain. Osushka also protrudes to NW and N from Podvostochny Island. The southeastern tip of the island is bordered by a dry land up to 1.5 kbt wide with a ridge of surface rocks. The northeastern coast of the island is relatively deep. The southern tip of the island is also deep, to which a narrow deep-water trench approaches.

Korozhny Island (Ostrov Korozhnyy), covered with tundra vegetation, lies 1.5 kbt N from Izbyanoy Island and is connected to Izbyanay and Podvostochny Islands by a sandy-rocky drain. In the western part of Korozhny Island there is a hill, the eastern slope of which is steep and rocky; the eastern part of the island is low-lying, marshy. The shores of the island are rocky and, with the exception of the western one, shallow. They have a fin.

At the eastern end of the island lie three low rocky islets.

The Kemskaya Guba, shallow and almost completely dry, juts out into the Pomeranian coast of the bay between Mys Pukhnavolok Cape (64°57" N, 34°46" E) and the cape located 1.2 miles NNW from it Tashkatur (Mys Tashkatur).

The bay is accessible in high water for vessels with a draft of up to 2.7 m. You can enter the bay through the Kemskaya Salma Strait (Proliv Kemskaya Salma) (64°59" N, 34°48" E). To enter the bay, you need to know the local sailing conditions.

The shores of the bay are mostly low-lying; only on the north coast there are a few hills. The southern coast of the bay is partly rocky, in places covered with meadow vegetation and shrubs, while the northern coast is mostly rocky. The southern coast of the bay is overgrown with mixed forest.

The shores of the bay are indented by small, almost drying up bays and bays. At the entrance to the bay and in the bay itself there are many islands, islets, pitfalls, droughts and cans.

Depths in the bay are less than 5 m. The banks of the bay are bordered by dry land; drying soil silt, liquid silt and stone. Grass grows on the dry land and in the bay almost to its middle. The width of the strip of grass thickets reaches 5-6 kbt.

The Kem River flows into the top of the bay, to which a narrow winding fairway up to 1 kbt wide leads; depths on it are 1.4-7 m; the fairway starts at 8.5 kbt NNE from Cape Pukhnavolok.

Ice regime. The lip freezes around mid-November, and opens in late April or early May.

Navigation aids. The fairway leading to the top of the Kemskaya Bay is equipped with signs, which are rearranged depending on the change in the position of the fairway.

jetty equipped at Mys Shatnavolok Cape (64°57" N, 34°41" E), protruding from the southern coast of the bay. Vessels with a draft of up to 2 m can approach the berth in full water.

Kem River(Reka Kem") flows into the top of the Kemskaya Bay with two branches. The river is rapid, inaccessible for swimming. Timber is rafted along the river. On the left bank, 1.3 miles above the mouth of the river, the city of Kem (Kem") is located.

Port of Kem

The Kem Port (65°00" N, 34°49" E) is located in the Kemskaya Salma Strait separating the islands of Popov and Yakostrov, which lie on the northern side of the entrance to the Kem Bay. The territory of the port and its berths are located in the southern part on the eastern coast of Popov Island; vessels with a draft of up to 6.4 m can approach the berth of the sawmill. There are buckets between the berths, into which tugboats and lighters enter. In the port, the administration of the Kemsky sawmill partially performs the functions of port authorities. Pilotage in the port of Kem is obligatory Pilotage of the ships of the Northern Shipping Company, exporting the products of the sawmill, is carried out by a pilot hired by the shipping company.The pilot boards the ship and leaves the ship in the port of Arkhangelsk.

Port of Kem

The Kemskaya Salma Strait is deep-water and accessible to vessels with a draft of up to 5 m. soil - silt and sand.

You can enter the port of Kem along the Korabelny fairway, as well as along the Kuzovsky fairway leading from the SE between the islands of the middle part of the Kemsky skerries from Tupichikha Island to the Pyalluda Islands (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 56" E), where it connects with the Ship fairway . Navigation along the Kuzovsky fairway requires knowledge of local conditions.

In addition, you can enter the port along the Karelian fairway leading from the north of the Studenets Islands (65 ° 05 "N, 34 ° 50" E) along the coast to the northern tip of Popov Island and further along the eastern coast of this island.

The fairway is winding, lies among many dangers and is accessible to vessels with a draft of up to 4.7 m. Navigation along the Karelian fairway requires knowledge of local conditions. The fairway is used in exceptional cases when the ship's fairway is clogged with ice. The description of the Karelian fairway is not given in the sailing directions.

winds. In the region described in March - June, northeasterly winds are observed, in August - January and partly in February, southerly, western and northwestern winds are observed.

Tidal currents. The tidal current enters the Kemskaya Salma Strait with N and NE at a speed of about 2 knots. Otlishyus current has a reverse direction and a slightly higher speed.

Navigation aids. Navigation along the Ship Fairway, as well as along the Kemskaya Salma Strait and in the port of Kem is provided with luminous and non-illuminated signs; some dangers are protected by luminous buoys and milestones.

Message. The port of Kem is connected to the country's railway network.

Ship fairway(Korabel "nyy Fairway) starts 3.5 kbt to SE from South Rombak Island and goes to SSW. At 7 kbt to NNE from Taparukha Island, the fairway changes direction to WSW, then goes to NW, skirting the islands of Pyalludy from the north, and then stretches in two bends in a general direction to W to the northern entrance to the Kemskaya Salma Strait Near the fairway there are many stamics, over which noticeable breakers are observed in northerly winds.

Stamik Taparushny(Stamik Taparushnyy), vast and rocky, with a distinctive depth of 1.4 m, is located 3.2 miles ENE from the northern tip of Taparuha Island. Stamik is a sea hazard on the approach to the Ship fairway from the east.

From the north and east, the stamik is surrounded by great depths. Passing in the stamic area should be done with extreme caution. Within 1.5 miles to W and 5 kbt to S of Taparushny Stamik there are several cans with depths of 1.8-5 m.

Stamik Big Rombak(Stamik Bol "shoy Rombakskiy), vast and rocky, with a minimum depth of 2.4 m, is located 2.2 miles to NNE from the northern tip of Taparukha Island. Stamik is a group of cans with depths of 2.4-5 m. Stamik is surrounded by large depths.

Stamik the Second Rombak(Stamik Vtoroy Rombakskiy) with a minimum depth of 8.2 m lies 3 miles NNE from the northern tip of the island of Taparukha on the approach to the Korabelny fairway from the northeast.

South Rombak and North Rombak Islands are located on the northern side of the Ship fairway, 2.5 miles N from the island of Taparukha.

South Rombak Island(Island Yuzhnyy Rombak) rocky, covered with a layer of peat and tundra vegetation. At 0.8 kbt to N from the southern tip of the island there is a hill, the western and southern slopes of which are steep; another hill is located 2.2 kbt to NNW from the same tip of the island, its slopes are gentle. The shores of the island are steep, the southern coast is deeper. The shores of the island are bordered by rocky dry land up to 50 m wide.

North Rombak Island(Ostrov Severnyy Rombak) elevated, with three hills, rocky, covered with peat; its shores are deep and bordered by rocky dry land up to 0.3 kbt wide. In the passage separating the South Rombak and North Rombak islands, depths are 10-20 m; soil - stone, hard sand and silt. At the northern entrance to the passage lies a bank with a distinctive depth of 2 m, and off the coast of both islands, in shallows with depths of less than 5 m, many dangers are scattered. From the northwestern tip of the North Rombak Island, the hazards protrude at a distance of up to 4 kbt to NW, and from the northern coast of the South Rombak Island - at a distance of 2.5 kbt to N.

Lighthouse Rombaksky(Rombakskyy Lighthouse) is installed on the cliff of the southern, most elevated part of the South Rombak Island. The lighthouse has an audible alarm system.

Small Rombak Island(Ostrov Malyy Rombak) rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, lies 3 kbt to S from South Rombak Island. Small Rombak Island is smaller and lower than South Rombak Island. Small Rombak Island has gently sloping shores. The shores of the island are bordered by a shoal with a depth of less than 5 m, where there are dangers. There is a fin on the coast of the island.

Pyalludy Islands(Ostrova Pyalludy) - several rocky, peat-covered and tundra-covered islands - lie 2.2 miles SW of Maly Rombak Island. The shores of the islands are rocky and stony, bordered by rocky-stony drylands. The surface of the islands is flat; their shores are gentle.

The ship fairway passes to the north of the Pyalluda Island (Ostrov Pyal-luda) - the northeastern of the Pyalluda Islands. The northern coast of this island, facing the fairway, is deeper.

Islet of Luda Voroptya(Ostrovok Luda-Vorotnya) (64°59" N, 34°52" E) low, rocky, covered with tundra vegetation. At 8 kbt to S and SW from this islet stretches a chain of numerous low and rocky islets, some of which are interconnected by rocky and stony drylands. The passages between the islets are shallow, with a large number of surface and drying stones.

Yakostrov Island (64°59" N, 34°50" E) limits the Kemskaya Salma Strait from the east. This rocky elevated island is overgrown with forest and has gentle shores. The western coast of the island is quite deep; a shallow with depths of less than 5 m near this coast has a width of about 1 kbt. The eastern and southern shores of the island are shallow and bordered by numerous islets; from the south coast, the dry land protrudes up to 1 mile to S.

Popov Island (Ostrov Popov) (65°00" N, 34°48" E) is rocky and limits the Kemskaya Salma Strait from the west. The island is separated from the coast of the mainland by a narrow, shallow water that dries up in the southern part of the Strait of Popova Salma (Proliv Popova Salma).

In the drying part of the strait there is a dam that connects the island with the coast of the mainland. Vessels with a draft of up to 1 m can enter this strait in full water.

The surface of the island is relatively flat, with separate hills, between which there are swampy depressions covered with mixed forest. The forest almost everywhere comes close to the coastline.

The shores of the island, especially the eastern one, are indented by many drying coves. Its eastern coast is relatively deep; a shallow with depths of less than 5 m near this coast has a width of up to 1 kbt.

Bank Rabocheostrovskaya(Banka Rabocheostrovskaya) with a minimum depth of 3 m is located along the eastern coast of Popov Island, 7 kbt to NNE from its southern tip.

Berth No. 2 is located off the eastern coast of the southern part of Popov Island. The berth is available for vessels with a draft of up to 6.4 m. The length of the berth is 240 m; the depth along it is 6-7 m. Lumber is loaded on the berth.

Settlement of Rabocheostrovsk(Rabocheostrovsk) is located in the southern part of Popov Island. There is a sawmill in the village. The village is connected to the country's railway network.

Anchor places. You can anchor throughout the Kemskaya Salma Strait, but the best anchorage is in the southern part of the Strait to S and SSE from the milestone (64°59.2" N, 34°47.8" E). Depths here are 5-11 m; soil - silt. This anchorage is protected from all winds, except for the winds from NE and S, which, although blowing with great force, do not form significant waves here.

Swimming instructions. Below are instructions for navigation from the port of Belomorsk to South Rombak Island and instructions for navigation along the Ship and Kuzovsky fairways.

Guidance for navigation from the port of Belomorsk to the island of South Rombak. From the port of Belomorsk to the island of South Rombak, you can go to the west or east of the island Rovniazhiy (64°48" N, 35°15" E). First, you need to go along the Belomorsky alignment until the shining sign Osinka comes to bearing 168 °, then you need to lie on a course 2 °, laying it 4 kbt to W from Rovnyazhiy Island. On the parallel of the island of Sennukha, you should lie on a course of 348 ° with the expectation of going 1.3 miles to E from the island of Tupichikha. Having arrived on this course at the target of the northern extremities of the Domnina Islands, you must lie on this alignment with a course of 287 ° and then be guided by the instructions for sailing along the Kuzovsky fairway.

If it is necessary to go to the port of Kem along the Ship fairway, then, having reached the parallel of the island of Sennukha on a course of 2 °, you should lie on a course of 13 °. Having arrived at the parallel of the middle of Oleshin Island (64 ° 58 "N, 35 ° 13" E), it is necessary, when the Topa lighthouse comes to bearing 68 °, lie down on the course 335 ° and follow it until the ship enters the white sector 51.5°-98° lighthouse Rombaksky. Arriving at the parallel of this lighthouse, you should lie on a course of 291 °, having the Topa lighthouse at the stern. Heading 291° should go to alignment of luminous signs Malorombaksky(Malorom-bakskiy Leading Lights) (65 ° 01.2 "N, 35 ° 01.9" E) (direction of alignment 63.8 ° -243.8 °) and then be guided by the instructions for navigation along the Ship Fairway.

Vessels with a large draft must pass east of Rovnyazhiy Island. First, you need to go along the Belomorsky alignment until the shining sign Osinka comes to bearing 168 °, then you need to lie on a course of 23 ° with the expectation to pass in the middle between the bank (64 ° 42 "N, 35 ° 23" E) with the smallest depth 6.2 m and a can of Rovnyazhya. When the shining sign Rovnyazhiy comes to the left traverse, it is necessary to lie down on the course 347 ° and follow this course until the Topa lighthouse comes to bearing 68 °. Next, you need to approach the Ship fairway in accordance with the above instructions.

When approaching the islands of South Rombak and Small Rombak, it should be borne in mind that tidal currents in this area have a significant speed and carry ships to the south or north, respectively.

Guidance for navigation along the ship fairway. Having reached the Malorombaksky target, you need to lie down on it and go leaving to the S milestone (65 ° 01.5 "N, 35 ° 04.0" E), enclosing the Bolshoi Rombaksky staik from N. Having reached alignment of luminous signs Taparukha north(Taparakha N Leading Lights) (64°59.4" N, 35°01.8" E) (direction of alignment 11.4°-191.4°), turn left, lie on this alignment and follow to point 65 °00.2" N, 35°02.2" E. Then you need to turn to the right, leaving a luminous buoy (65°00.0" N, 35°02.5" E) towards the SSE, enclosing a bank with a distinctive depth 2 m, lie on a course of 252° and follow to alignment of luminous signs Taparukha western(Taparakha W Leading Lights) (64°59.4" N, 35°01.7" E) (alignment direction 302.7°-122.7°), leaving a light buoy towards S (64°59.8" N , 34°59.9" E). On the alignment of Taparukh western one should follow to alignment of luminous signs(Pyalludskiy Turning Leading Lights) (65°00.2" N, 34°57.0" E) (heading 10.6°-190.6°), then lay on heading 227° and go to alignment of luminous signs Pyalludsky No. 2 western(Pyalludskiy №2 W Leading Lights) (65°00.2" N, 34°57.0" E) (alignment direction 261.2°-81.2°); south of the turning point, a luminous buoy (65°00.5" N, 34°57.1" E) is set up, enclosing a bank with a distinctive depth of 6.6 m.

Having reached the Pyalludsky target No. 2 western, you need to lie down on this target and go leaving to the N bank (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 54" E) with a distinctive depth of 4.8 m and the bank with a depth of 3 m, and to the S - fencing with NNE bank Governor's(Banka Gubernatorskaya) with a distinctive depth of 0.8 m, a light buoy (65°00.0" N, 34°54.3" E), a bank (65°00"N, 34°54" E) with a distinctive depth of 1, 2 m and a jar with a distinctive depth of 1.6 m.

Out on alignment of luminous signs Rabocheostrovsky No. 1(Rabocheostrovskiy No. 1 Leading Lights) (65°00.1" N, 34°48.7" E) (direction of alignment 106.6°-286.6°), you should lie on this alignment. The place of the turn from the Pyalludsky alignment No. 2 western to the Rabocheostrovsky alignment No. 1 indicates the alignment of signs Luda-Vorotnya is rotary(Luda-Vorotnya Turning Leading Beacons) (64°59.4" N, 34°51.9" E) (alignment direction 336.9°-156.9°); a light buoy (64°59.8" N, 34°51.5" E) is set south of the turning point, enclosing a bank with a depth of 2.4 m from NW.

Along the alignment of Rabocheostrovsky No. 1, one should go to the northern entrance to the Kemskaya Salma Strait, leaving the bank (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 51" E) to the north with a depth of 3 m. Before reaching the front sign of this alignment, 2 kbt, i.e. . as soon as the luminous buoy (65 ° 00.0 "N, 34 ° 49.2" E) is passed, enclosing the jar with a depth of 2.2 m with N, you should turn sharply to the left, lie on a course of 210 ° and go in the middle of the strait Kemskaya Salma is at an equal distance from its shores, leaving to the E bank with a depth of 2.2 m and to the W bank Rabocheostrovskaya. When the chimneys (64°59.1" N, 44°47.4" E), towering in the village of Rabocheostrovsk, are on the right beam, you should anchor to S from the milestone (64°59.2" N, 34°47 .8" E).

Vessels with a draft of up to 4.7 m can go along the alignment of Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 up to alignment of luminous signs Monastyrsky(Monastyrskiy Leading Lights) (64°59.7" N, 34°48.0" E) (alignment direction 77.3°-257.3°) and further along this alignment. Not reaching 3.5 kbt to the front mark of this alignment, i.e. when the Kemskaya Salma Strait opens, you should lie on a course of 210 ° and go in the middle of the strait.

To approach berth No. 2, you need to pass the course of 210 ° in the middle of the Kemskaya Salma Strait to alignment of luminous signs Kemsky-Pristansky(Kemskiy-Pristanskiy Leading Lights) (64°59.4" N, 34°47.7" E) (alignment direction 70.1°-250.1°) and follow this alignment to berth No. 2.

At night, when sailing along the Ship Fairway, care must be taken, especially when passing the Pyalludy Islands, as well as when following the Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 alignment. Special care must be taken when making a sharp turn from the Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 alignment into the Kemskaya Salma Strait. Therefore, at night it is preferable to go along the Monastyrsky alignment, since in this case there will be no sharp turns.

The entrance to the port of Kem at night is hampered by a large number of lights that open already when approaching the South Rombak Island. Usually, in addition to the light of the Rombaksky lighthouse, the lights of the Malorombaksky alignment and the lights on Popov Island are visible.

Guidance for navigation along the Kuzovsky fairway. Arriving at a point located 1.3 miles E from Tupichikha Island (64°54" N, 35°07" E), you should lay a course of 287° on the alignment of the northern extremities of the Domnina Islands.

When the western tip of Tupichikha Island comes to the left traverse and at the same time the island lying 6 kbt to NNE from Tupichikha Island, will meet with the northwestern tip of Lodeyny Island and with the southern tip of Setnaya Island, you should immediately turn right and lie on course 314 °, having slightly to the right along the course the southwestern extremities of the Darina Islands. This course leads between the southwestern tip of Kurichya Nilaksa Island and the rock on the left (64°55.0" N, 35°05.1" E) with a depth of 7.4 m.

Having reached the course of 314 ° to the alignment of the western tip of the western of the Domnina Islands with the eastern tip of the island, located 1.2 kbt to E from the eastern tip of the northern of the Sedelny Islands, you should lie on a course of 352 ° in the direction of the southwestern tip of Pesya Luda Island. At the parallel of the southern tip of the eastern of the Darina Islands, you should turn left and lie on a course of 324 °, leading in the middle of the passage between the islands of North Kolovar and Olkhovy in the southwest and the islands of Plosky and Taparukha in the northeast. The shores of these islands can be safely approached at a distance of up to 1 kbt; the only danger in this passage is the bank (64°58.7" N, 35°01.1" E) with a distinctive depth of 4.2 m. the above instructions for sailing along the Ship fairway.

From the port of Kem to Cape Marknavolok the wooded Karelian shore of the bay extends 9 miles to NNW. The southern part of the described coast is low, and the northern part is elevated, and in some places the rocky coast here abruptly breaks off to the sea.

Against the southern part of the described coast lie the islands of the northern edge of the Kemsky skerries, the most seaward of which is the island of Ryavoluda (65 ° 04 "N, 35 ° 02" E), remote from the coast at a distance of about 6 miles. The area between the islands is shallow and replete with islets, surface and underwater rocks and banks. Most of the islands are made of granite and covered with a layer of peat. The bottom in the region of the northern edge of the Kemsky skerries is uneven. Navigation here is difficult, so this area is not visited even by ships with shallow draft. Seaward of this area lies the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait.

From the port of Kem to Cape Marknavolok

Against the northern part of the described coast there are also several islands and many islets, but their edge is much less distant from the coast than the edge of the Kemsky skerries. The coast here is deeper; depths of about 20 m in places approach it at a distance of up to 2 miles, but it is dangerous to cross the 20 m isobath when approaching the coast, since the depths closer to the coast sharply decrease.

Terroikha Island (Ostrov Terroikha), 22.5 m high, granite, covered with tundra vegetation, lies 9 kbt NW from South Rombak Island. The northeastern coast of Terroikha Island is deep. The island is bordered by rocky and stony dry land up to 0.3 kbt wide; there is a fin on the island.

A low, rocky island covered with tundra vegetation lies 4.1 kbt NW from the western coast of the island. The island has a fin.

Island Ryavoluda (Ostrov Ryavoluda), 18.4 m high, rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, is located 1.5 miles NNE from the northern tip of Terroiha Island.

The shores of Ryavoluda Island are rocky and stony. The northern and western shores are gentle, the eastern and southern are shallow. A low rocky islet is located 1.7 kbt N from the island. From the north and south, this islet is bordered by rocky and stony dry land up to 0.3 kbt wide.

Vessels following the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait stick to Ryavolud Island in order to bypass the dangerous stamics South Kemsky and North Kemsky.

Satam Island, 37.1 m high, rocky and covered with tundra vegetation, is located 1.6 miles W of Ryavoluda Island. The northern, western and eastern shores of Satam Island are gentle, the southern one is steep. The western and northern shores of the island are bordered by rocky, and the eastern and southern - by rocky dry land up to 0.3 kbt wide.

The relief of the island is even, along its middle part there is a hollow that divides the island into two parts. The slopes of the hollow are gentle towards the western and eastern shores of the island.

At 3 kbt to S and 2.5 kbt to SW from the southern coast of Satam Island there are two low rocky islets, bordered by a rocky dry land up to 0.3 kbt wide.

1 mile SW from Satam Island lie the Gorelyye Islands (Ostrova Gorelyye) - a group of islands and islets with a height of 5.2-21.8 m.

Between the islands of Satam and Terroiha there are many drying and underwater dangers, and between the islands of Satam and Ryavoluda and to the north of them there are several banks.

Student Islands(Ostrova Studentsy) lie 2.8 miles W of Satam Island. The largest of the islands, Studentsy, whose northwestern coast is steep, is overgrown with mixed forest; the southern part of the island is flat, and the northern part is hilly, the slopes of the hills are gentle.

To the west and south of the largest of the islands, Studentsy, there are low islands covered with mixed forests, and to the east, rocky islands covered with tundra vegetation. At 1.1 miles to the W from the northern tip of the larger of the Studenets Islands lies the island of Kladovyy Vtoroy, covered with tundra vegetation.

The Student Islands lie on one common dry land and are separated from the coast of the mainland by a narrow, shallow, partially drying strait, in which there are many stones.

Island Kamostrov(Ostrov Kamostrov) (65 ° 07 "N, 34 ° 42" E) 6.1 m high rocky overgrown with coniferous forest. The shores of the island are low, the northwestern coast is higher than the others.

Cape Myagmiostrov(Mys Myagmiostrov) is the northeastern tip of Kamostrov Island.

Podtaybolskaya Bay(Podtaybol "skaya Guba) (65 ° 06.7" N, 34 ° 40.7 "E) shallow water juts into the Karelian coast of the bay.

The bay is available for boats with a draft of up to 0.8 m in full water. It can serve as a convenient parking place for small boats. The western shore of the bay is low, only in its southwestern section there are hills. The southwestern part of the bay is drying up; the dry land here is silty, viscous.

Depths at the entrance to the bay are 3-4 m, in the central part 2 m.

Cape Yudin (Mys Yudin) (65°07" N, 34°41" E) is low, overgrown with forest, bordered by a rocky dry land up to 0.2 kbt wide.

Letneretskaya Bay(Letneretskaya Guba) protrudes into the shore between Cape Yudin and Cape Marknavolok (Mys Marknavolok) located 1.7 miles N from it.

The bay is accessible in full water for launches and boats with a draft of up to 0.9 m, subject to knowledge of local navigation conditions.

The shores of the bay are low, in some places stony and overgrown with forest. The non-navigable Letnaya River (Reka Letnaya) flows into the top of the bay. On the right bank of the river near the mouth is the village of Letnaya Reka.

Several bays protrude into the shores of the bay. At the entrance to the bay and in itself there are several islands and many surface and underwater rocks.

Depths in the bay are mostly less than 5 m; the bottom is uneven, and among the dangerous shallows there are pits with depths of up to 10 m or more.

There are many dangers on the approaches to the lip.

Noteworthy points. Landmarks when approaching the Letneretskaya Bay can serve as: the wooded island of Kegostrov, or Endostrov (Ostrov Kegostrov, Yendostrov), 8.7 m high and the island of Endostrovskaya Luda (Ostrovok Yendostrovskaya Luda) 3.3 m high, located respectively 3 kbt to N and 5.5 kbt to NNE from Cape Yudin; Yulmyuki Island (Ostrov Yul "myuki), located 3 kbt NNE from Cape Marknavolok, and Zelenaya Luda Island (65 ° 09 "N, 34 ° 48" E).

Tidal currents. The tidal current enters Letneretskaya Bay from NNE. The tidal current has the opposite direction.

Green Luda Island(Ostrov Zelyonaya Luda) 23 m high, granite, covered with a layer of peat and moss, located 2.6 miles E from Cape Marknavolok. There is a mass grave on the southwestern tip of the island.

Jar with a distinctive depth of 2 m lies 1.4 miles SSW from the southwestern tip of Zelenaya Luda Island.

At 0.3 kbt to NNE from the bank there is a stone with a depth of 1.4 m.

Alignment of signs Letneretskiy First(Letneretskiy Pervyy Leading Beacons) (65°07.6" N, 34°43.7" E) leads from the sea to the entrance to Letneretskaya Bay. The front alignment mark is set on the low rocky island of Dolgaya Luda (Ostrov Dolgaya Luda).

shallows with depths less than 5 m oppose each other 1.2 miles WSW from the southwestern tip of Zelenaya Luda Island and 4.8 kbt 35 NE from the northern tip of Dolgaya Luda Island. Between these shoals is the narrowest point of the passage to the bay; depths of 1.2-1.6 m are located here in close proximity to W from the middle of the passage.

Anchor places. The anchorage for vessels with a draft of up to 5.4 m is located on the Vneshniy Letneretskiy Road, which is located 8 kbt SE from Yulmyuki Island. Depths here are 7-11 m; soil - silt, stone and sand. Banks with depths of 0.2-5 m are scattered near the road.

In high water, vessels with a draft of up to 0.7 m can enter the Letnaya River and anchor in front of the village of Letnyaya Reka. Depths here are 1-2 m; soil - silt and stone. Local small vessels are pulled ashore in winter near the village of Letnyaya Reka.

Instructions for entering the Letneretskaya Bay. When proceeding to the Outer Letneretsky raid from the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait, it is necessary from a point located approximately 1 mile E from Ryavoluda Island to lie on a course of 303 °, having Zelenaya Luda Island directly in front of the vessel. Having reached the Letneretsky First alignment (direction of alignment 99.8 ° -279.8 °), you should lie down on this alignment. When the distance to the island of Dolgaya Luda is 1.1 miles, you should turn right and follow the Outer Letneretsky raid, being careful of the shallows described above protruding from the Zelenaya Luda and Dolgaya Luda islands, and banks with depths of 1.4-5.2 m. to the island of Yulmyuki at 5-6 kbt, you can anchor. Depths at anchorage 7-11 m.

When proceeding to the Outer Letneretsky raid from NE from the White Sea Basin, one should leave Zelenaya Luda Island at a distance of at least 2 miles to 10 W and NW and, having reached the Letneretsky Pervyy target, be guided by the above instruction.

Exit from the raid should be reverse courses.

Posted Thu, 09/04/2015 - 22:41 by Cap

If you want to see a miracle, then the easiest way is to raft along the Karelian Keret River with access to the White Sea! The sight is indescribable when you skip the last threshold and slowly enter the Chupa lip! There was a long northern sunset, the water was calm and very clear. We tried the water from the paddle - real sea, salty!
Suddenly we saw a sea jellyfish in the water column! White Sea gulls were crying above us, and beyond the islands the endless sea stretched!
Ahead was the island of Keret, where we were to spend the night, and around the sea, islands, shores and the unset sun with thousands of reflections!
So the Nomads got acquainted with the White Sea!

When we sailed along the White Sea on a boat, there was a real gloom over the sea. It was raining lightly, fog was rising, and we were sitting in the cabin, complaining about the bad weather, and could not take a single decent photo ...

But a miracle happened - as soon as we began to approach Solovki, as in a fairy tale, the sky opened up, the sun's rays shone on the sea water, and the Solovetsky Kremlin sparkled before us!

Shine in all its glory! He sparkled with domes, pushed apart the gray sea distances, began to play with nearby islands!

We climbed out onto the deck and joyfully greeted the views that opened up to us!

Until the beginning of the 18th century, most Russian trade routes passed through the White Sea, but this was not very convenient, since the White Sea was covered with ice for more than six months. After the founding of St. Petersburg, the flow of goods was significantly reduced, the main sea trade routes moved to the Baltic Sea. Since the 1920s, most traffic has been diverted from the White Sea to the ice-free port of Murmansk, located on the shores of the Barents Sea.

FLAG OF THE Wanderers on the White Sea

Reflection in art
Valery Gusev, from the series of children's detectives Black Kitten, told about the adventures of two boys on the White Sea in his story Skeletons in the Fog.
Pavel Lungin's film "The Island" takes place in a monastery on the islands of the White Sea.
Soviet animated film "Laughter and Grief at the White Sea" based on the tales of Boris Shergin and Stepan Pisakhov.
The life of birds and animals of the White Sea is described in the children's fairy tale "Flying to the North" by ecologist Vadim Fedorov

Cape Svyatoy Nos, border of the White and Barents Seas

CAPE HOLY NOSE - ON THE BORDER OF TWO SEAS
Holy Nose - a cape in the east, separates the Barents and White Seas, as well as the Murmansk and Terek coasts. Located on a small peninsula, also called the Holy Nose. On the peninsula there is the village of the same name and the Svyatonossky lighthouse. The toponym Svyatoy Nos is widespread on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, according to the Swedish Arctic explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, this name was given to the Pomors by capes that protrude strongly into the sea and are difficult to overcome in coastal navigation.
The peninsula is about 15 km long and up to 3 km wide. The height is up to 179 m. There are several small lakes on the peninsula and several streams flow, including Dolgiy and Sokoliy. The bays of Stanovaya and Dolgaya of the White Sea and the bay of Lopskoye Stanovishche of the Svyatonossky Gulf cut into the peninsula. Capes Sokoliy Nos and Nataliy Navolok are located. Earlier on the peninsula there was the village of Svyatonosskaya Sirena.

Lighthouse at Cape Svyatoy Nos White Sea

Initially, the cape was called Tersky Cape or Tersky Nose. Later, the modern name was assigned to the cape. European cartographers marked the cape on their maps as early as the 16th century. Among the Norwegians, the cape was called Vegestad - from the Norwegian language, a travel post or travel rock. The name came from the fact that having reached this point of the coast, it was necessary to change course.
The Russian ambassador to Denmark and clerk Grigory Istoma wrote during his travels in 1496:
The holy nose is a huge rock protruding into the sea, like a nose; below it is visible a whirlpool cave, which every six hours absorbs water and with great noise back spews back this abyss. Some said that this is the middle of the sea, others - that this is Charybdis. …The power of this abyss is so great that it attracts ships and other objects that are nearby, twists them and absorbs them, and that they have never been in greater danger. For when the abyss suddenly and strongly began to attract the ship on which they rode, they barely escaped with great difficulty, putting all their strength on the oars.
The coast-dwellers have a saying "Where the fish does not go, but the Holy Nose does not pass." According to legend, there were huge worms around the cape that turned over sloops, but St. Varlaam of Keretsky deprived them of such power. Industrialists dragged their ships across the peninsula from the Volkova Bay to the Lapskoye Stanovishche Bay.

Rabocheostrovsk, Solovki White Sea

GEOGRAPHY OF THE WHITE SEA
Basic physical and geographical features. Located on the northern outskirts of the European part of our country, the White Sea occupies the space between 68°40′ and 63°48′ N. latitude, and 32°00′ and 44°30′ east. and is entirely located on the territory of the USSR. By its nature, it belongs to the seas of the Arctic Ocean, but this is the only one of the Arctic seas that lies almost entirely south of the Arctic Circle, only the northernmost regions of the sea go beyond this circle.
Bizarre in shape, the White Sea is deeply incised into the continent, almost everywhere it has natural land borders, and only from the Barents Sea it is separated by a conditional border - the line Cape Svyatoy Nos - Cape Kanin Nos. Surrounded by land on almost all sides, the White Sea belongs to the inland seas. In size, this is one of our smallest seas. Its area is 90 thousand km2, the volume is 6 thousand km3, the average depth is 67 m, the maximum depth is 350 m. The modern shores of the White Sea, different in external forms and landscapes, have their own geographical names and belong to different geomorphological types of coasts (Fig. 17) .

The relief of the sea bottom is uneven and complex. The deepest areas of the sea are the Basin and the Kandalaksha Bay, in the outer part of which the maximum depth is noted. The depths gradually decrease from the mouth to the top of the Dvina Bay. The bottom of the shallow Onega Bay is slightly elevated above the Basin. The bottom of the Throat of the Sea is an underwater trench about 50 m deep, stretched along the strait somewhat closer to the Tersky coast. The northern part of the sea is the most shallow. Its depths do not exceed 50 m. The bottom here is very uneven, especially near the Kaninsky coast and the entrance to the Mezen Bay. This area is dotted with many cans, which are distributed in several ridges and are known by the name "Northern Cats".

The shallow water of the northern part and the Gorlo, compared to the Basin, hinders its water exchange with the Barents Sea, which affects the hydrological conditions of the White Sea. The position of this sea in the north of the temperate zone and partly beyond the Arctic Circle, belonging to the Arctic Ocean, proximity Atlantic Ocean and an almost continuous ring of land surrounding it determine both maritime and continental features in the climate of the sea, which makes the climate of the White Sea transitional from oceanic to continental. The influence of the ocean and land to a greater or lesser extent manifests itself in all seasons. Winter on the White Sea is long and severe. At this time, an extensive anticyclone is established over the northern part of the European territory of the Union, and intensive cyclonic activity is developed over the Barents Sea. In this regard, predominantly southwestern winds blow in the White Sea at a speed of 4–8 m/s. They bring with them cold cloudy weather with snowfall. In February, the average monthly air temperature over almost the entire sea is -14-15°, and only in the northern part does it rise to -9°, since the warming effect of the Atlantic Ocean affects here. With significant intrusions of relatively warm air from the Atlantic, southwestern winds are observed and the air temperature rises to -6-7°. The displacement of an anticyclone from the Arctic into the White Sea area causes northeasterly winds, clearing and cooling down to -24-26 °, and sometimes very severe frosts.

Borshchevy Islands White Sea

Summers are cool and moderately humid. At this time, an anticyclone usually sets up over the Barents Sea, and intense cyclonic activity develops to the south and southeast of the White Sea. Under such synoptic conditions, northeasterly winds of magnitude 2-3 prevail over the sea. The sky is overcast with frequent heavy rains. The air temperature in July is on average 8-10°. Cyclones passing over the Barents Sea change the direction of the wind over the White Sea to the western and southwestern ones and cause the air temperature to rise to 12-13°C. When an anticyclone sets up over northeastern Europe, southeasterly winds and clear sunny weather prevail over the sea. The air temperature rises on average to 17-19°, and in some cases in the southern part of the sea it can reach 30°. However, cloudy and cool weather still prevails in summer. Thus, there is no long-term stable weather in the White Sea for almost the entire year, and the seasonal change in the prevailing winds is monsoonal in nature. These are important climatic features that significantly affect the hydrological conditions of the sea.

Hydrological characteristic. The White Sea is one of the cold Arctic seas, which is associated not only with its position at high latitudes, but also with the hydrological processes occurring in it. The distribution of water temperature on the surface and in the sea column is characterized by great diversity from place to place and significant seasonal variability. In winter, the water temperature on the surface is equal to the freezing temperature and is on the order of −0.5–0.7° in the bays, up to −1.3° in the Basin, and up to −1.9° in the Gorla and the northern part of the sea. These differences are explained by unequal salinity in different areas of the sea.

In the spring, after the sea is freed from ice, the surface of the water rapidly warms up. In summer, the surface of relatively shallow bays is best heated (Fig. 18). The water temperature on the surface of the Kandalaksha Bay in August averages 14-15°, in the Basin 12-13°. The lowest temperature on the surface is observed in Voronka and Gorla, where strong mixing cools the surface waters to 7-8°. In autumn, the sea cools rapidly and spatial differences in temperature are smoothed out.

The change in water temperature with depth occurs differently from season to season in different areas of the sea. In winter, temperatures close to the surface cover the 30-45 m layer, followed by a slight increase to the 75-100 m horizon. This is a warm intermediate layer, the remnant of summer heating. Below its temperature decreases, and from the horizons of 130-140 m to the bottom it becomes equal to −1.4°. In spring, the surface of the sea begins to warm up. Heating extends up to 20 m. From here, the temperature drops sharply to negative values ​​at a horizon of 50–60 m.

In autumn, cooling of the sea surface extends to horizons of 15–20 m and evens out the temperature in this layer. From here to the 90-100 m horizons, the water temperature is slightly higher than in the surface layer, since the heat accumulated over the summer is still preserved in the subsurface (20-100 m) horizons. Further, the temperature drops again and from the horizons of 130-140 m to the bottom is −1.4°.

In some areas of the Basin, the vertical distribution of water temperature has its own characteristics. The rivers flowing into the White Sea annually pour into it about 215 km3 of fresh water. More than 3/4 of the total flow falls on the share of rivers flowing into the Onega, Dvina and Mezen bays. Mezen 38.5 km3, Onega 27.0 km3 of water per year. The Kem, which flows into the western coast, gives 12.5 km3 and Vyg 11.5 km3 of water per year. The remaining rivers provide only 9% of the runoff. The intra-annual distribution of the runoff of rivers flowing into these bays, which in spring discharge 60-70% of the water, is also characterized by great unevenness. In connection with the natural regulation by lakes of many coastal rivers, the distribution of their flow during the year occurs more or less evenly. The runoff maximum is observed in spring and amounts to 40% of the annual runoff. Near the rivers flowing from the southeast, the spring flood is sharper. For the sea as a whole, the maximum flow occurs in May, the minimum in February-March.

Fresh waters entering the White Sea raise the water level in it, as a result, excess water flows through the Gorlo into the Barents Sea, which is facilitated by the predominance of southwestern winds in winter. Due to the difference in densities of the waters of the White and Barents Seas, a current arises from the Barents Sea. There is an exchange of water between these seas. True, the basin of the White Sea is separated from the Barents Sea by an underwater threshold located at the exit from the Gorla. Its greatest depth is 40 m, which makes it difficult to exchange deep waters between these seas. Approximately 2200 km3 of water flows out of the White Sea annually, and about 2000 km3/year flows into it. Consequently, significantly more than 2/3 of the entire mass of deep (below 50 m) White Sea water is renewed per year.

The vertical distribution of water temperature in the Throat is fundamentally different. Due to good mixing, seasonal differences consist in the change in the temperature of the entire mass of water, and not in the nature of its change with depth. In contrast to the Basin, here external thermal effects are perceived by the entire mass of water as a whole, and not from layer to layer.

Kandalaksha Bay White Sea

SALINITY OF THE SEA
The salinity of the White Sea is lower than the average salinity of the ocean. Its values ​​are unevenly distributed on the sea surface, which is due to the peculiarities of the distribution of river runoff, half of which is the inflow of water from the Barents Sea, the transfer of water by sea currents. Salinity values ​​usually increase from the tops of the bays to the central part of the Basin and with depth, although each season has its own characteristics of salinity distribution.

In winter, salinity on the surface is everywhere increased. In the Throat and Funnel it is 29.0–30.0‰, and in the Basin it is 27.5–28.0‰. The mouth areas of the rivers are the most desalinated. In the Basin, the values ​​of surface salinity are traced to horizons of 30–40 m, from where they increase sharply at first, and then gradually increase towards the bottom.

In spring, surface waters are significantly desalinated (up to 23.0‰, and in the Dvina Bay up to 10.0–12.0‰) in the east and much less (up to 26.0–27.0‰) in the west. This is due to the concentration of the main part of the river runoff in the east, as well as the removal of ice from the west, where they form but do not melt, and therefore do not have a desalination effect. Reduced salinity is observed in the layer 5–10 m below; it sharply increases to horizons of 20–30 m, and then gradually rises to the bottom.

In summer, salinity on the surface is lower and variable in space. A typical example of the distribution of salinity values ​​on the surface is shown in fig. 20. The range of salinity values ​​is quite significant. In the Basin, desalination extends to horizons of 10–20 m, from which the salinity at first sharply and then gradually increases to the bottom (Fig. 21). In bays, desalination covers only the upper 5-meter layer, which is associated with compensatory flows that compensate for the loss of water carried by runoff surface currents. A. N. Pantyulin noted that due to the difference in the thickness of the layer of low salinity in the bays and in the Basin, the maximum of desalination, obtained by calculating the depth-integrated salinity, is associated with the latter. This means that the central part of the Basin is a kind of reservoir of relatively fresh water coming from the Dvina and Kandalaksha bays. This is a peculiar hydrological feature of the White Sea.

In autumn, salinity on the surface increases due to a decrease in river flow and the beginning of ice formation. In the Basin, approximately the same values ​​are observed up to horizons of 30–40 m, from here they increase to the bottom. In the Gorlo, Onega, and Mezen bays, tidal mixing makes the vertical distribution of salinity more uniform throughout the year. The density of the White Sea water primarily determines salinity. The highest density is observed in Voronka, Gorlo and the central part of the Basin in autumn and winter. In summer, the density is reduced. Density values ​​increase quite sharply with depth in accordance with the vertical distribution of salinity, which creates a stable stratification of waters. It hinders wind mixing, the depth of which during strong autumn-winter storms is approximately 15-20 m, and in the spring-summer season it is limited to horizons of 10-12 m.

Tersky coast of the White Sea

ICE FORMATION AT THE SEA
Despite the strong cooling in autumn and winter and intense ice formation, the layering of waters allows convection to spread over most of the sea only to horizons of 50–60 m. Somewhat deeper (80–100 m) winter vertical circulation penetrates near the Gorlo, where with strong tidal currents. The limited depth of distribution of autumn-winter convection is a characteristic hydrological feature of the White Sea. However, its deep and bottom waters do not remain in a stagnant state or extremely slow refreshment in the conditions of their difficult exchange with the Barents Sea. The deep waters of the Basin are formed annually in winter as a result of mixing of surface waters entering the Funnel from the Barents Sea and from the Throat of the White Sea. During ice formation, the salinity and density of waters mixed here increase and they slide down the slopes of the bottom from the Gorlo to the bottom horizons of the Basin. The constancy of temperature and salinity of the deep waters of the Basin is not a stagnant phenomenon, but a consequence of the uniform conditions for the formation of these waters.

The structure of the White Sea waters is formed mainly under the influence of desalination by continental runoff and water exchange with the Barents Sea, as well as tidal mixing, especially in the Gorla and Mezen Bay, and winter vertical circulation. Based on the analysis of the curves of the vertical distribution of oceanological characteristics, V. V. Timonov (1950) identified the following types of water in the White Sea: Barents Sea (in their pure form are presented only in the Voronka), desalinated waters of the tops of the bays, waters of the upper layers of the Basin, deep waters of the Basin, waters Throat.

The horizontal circulation of the White Sea waters is formed under the combined influence of wind, river runoff, tides, compensatory flows, so it is diverse and complex in detail. The resulting movement forms a counterclockwise movement of waters, characteristic of the seas of the Northern Hemisphere (Fig. 22).

Due to the concentration of river runoff, mainly in the tops of the bays, a waste current arises here, directed to the open part of the Basin. Under the influence of the Coriolis force, the moving waters are pressed against the right bank and leave the Dvina Bay along the Zimny ​​Coast to the Gorlo. At the Kola coast, there is a current from the Gorlo to the Kandalaksha Bay, from which the waters move along the Karelian coast to the Onega Bay and flow out of it near its right bank. In front of the entrance from the bays in the Basin, weak cyclonic gyres are created between the waters moving in opposite directions. These cycles cause anticyclonic movement of waters between them. the movement of waters is traced clockwise. The velocities of the constant currents are small and usually equal to 10-15 cm/s, in narrow places and near capes they reach 30-40 cm/s. Tidal currents have much higher speeds in some areas. They reach 250 cm/s in Gorla and Mezensky Bay, 30–35 cm/s in Kandalaksha Bay, and 80–100 cm/s in Onega Bay. In the Basin, tidal currents are approximately equal in speed to constant currents. White Sea

tides and currents
The tides are well expressed in the White Sea (see Fig. 22). A translational tidal wave from the Barents Sea propagates along the axis of the Funnel to the top of the Mezen Bay. Passing across the entrance to the Throat, it causes waves passing through the Throat into the Basin, where they are reflected from the Summer and. The addition of waves reflected from the coast and oncoming waves creates a standing wave, which creates tides in the Gorlo and the White Sea Basin. They have a regular semidiurnal character. Due to the configuration of the shores and the nature of the bottom topography, the highest tide (about 7.0 m) is observed in the Mezensky Bay, near the Kaninsky coast, Voronka and at about. Sosnovets, in the Kandalaksha Bay it slightly exceeds 3 m. In the central regions of the Basin, the Dvina and Onega bays, the tides are less.

The tidal wave travels long distances up rivers. In the Northern Dvina, for example, the tide is noticeable 120 km from the mouth. With this movement of the tidal wave, the water level in the river rises, but suddenly it stops its rise or even drops slightly, and then continues to rise again. This process is called "maniha" and is explained by the influence of various tidal waves.

In the mouth of the Mezen, wide open to the sea, the tide delays the river current and forms a high wave, which, like a water wall, moves up the river, its height is sometimes several meters. This phenomenon is called "rolling" here, on the Ganges - "boron", and on the Seine - "mascara".

The White Sea belongs to the stormy seas. The strongest waves are observed in October-November from the northern part and throat of the sea. At this time, excitement is predominantly 4-5 points or more. However, the small size of the reservoir does not allow the development of large waves. Waves up to 1 m high prevail in the White Sea. Occasionally they reach a height of 3 m and, as an exception, 5 m. The sea is calmest in the second half of summer, in July-August. At this time, excitement with a force of 1-3 points prevails. The level of the White Sea experiences periodic semidiurnal tidal fluctuations and non-periodic surge changes. The greatest surges are observed in the autumn-winter season with northwestern and northeastern winds. The level rise can reach 75-90 cm. The strongest surges are observed in winter and spring with southwestern winds. The level at this time drops by 50-75 cm. The seasonal course of the level is characterized by its low position in winter, a slight increase from spring to summer, and a relatively rapid increase from summer to autumn. In October, it reaches its highest position, followed by its decline.

In the mouth sections of large rivers, seasonal fluctuations in the level are determined mainly by the distribution of river runoff during the year. Every winter, the White Sea is covered with ice, which completely disappears in the spring, so it belongs to the seas with seasonal ice cover (Fig. 23). The earliest (approximately at the end of October) ice appears at the mouth of the Mezen, and the latest (in January) at the Tersky coast of the Funnel and Gorl. The ice of the White Sea is 90% floating. The whole sea is covered with ice, but this is not a continuous cover, but constantly drifting ice, thickened in places, and rarefied in places under the influence of winds and currents. A very significant feature ice regime White Sea - permanent ice removal to the Barents Sea. Associated with it are polynyas, constantly formed in the middle of winter, which are quickly covered with young ice.

Thus, in the sea, ice formation prevails over melting, which affects the thermal state of the sea. As a rule, floating ice is 35-40 cm thick, but in severe winters it can reach 135 and even 150 cm. Fast ice in the White Sea occupies a very small area. Its width does not exceed 1 km. The earliest (at the end of March) the ice disappears in the Funnel. By the end of May, the entire sea is usually free of ice, but sometimes the sea is completely cleared only in mid-June.

hydrochemical conditions. The water of the White Sea is richly saturated with dissolved oxygen. At the beginning of summer, supersaturation with oxygen is observed in the surface layers, amounting to 110-117%. By the end of this season, under the influence of the rapid development of zooplankton, the oxygen content decreases. In the deep layers, the amount of dissolved oxygen is 70-80% saturation during the year.

The regime of biogenic substances is characterized by the preservation of stratification all year round. The amount of phosphates increases towards the bottom. An increased content of nitrates is noted in the area of ​​the "cold pole". In spring and summer, there is usually a depletion of biogenic salts in the zone of photosynthesis. In the 0–25 cm layer, biogenic elements are almost completely absent from June to September. In winter, on the contrary, they reach their maximum values. A feature of the hydrochemistry of the waters of the White Sea is their exceptional richness in silicates, which is associated with abundant river runoff, with which a lot of silicon enters the sea.

Economic use.
Economic activity on the White Sea is currently associated with the use of its biological resources and the operation of maritime transport. This sea is characterized by a variety of organic wealth extracted for economic needs. Here, fish farming, fishing for sea animals and algae are developed. The species composition of fish catches is dominated by saffron cod, White Sea herring, smelt, cod, and salmon. In recent years, fishing for harp seals on the ice of the White Sea has been resumed, and hunting for ringed seals and beluga whales continues. Algae are harvested and processed at the Arkhangelsk and Belomorsk algae plants.

In the future, it is planned to use tidal energy and build a TPP in the Mezen Bay. The White Sea is an important transport basin of the country with a significant volume of cargo transportation. The structure of cargo flows is dominated by timber and timber exported through Arkhangelsk, the largest port on the White Sea. In addition, building materials, various equipment, fish and fish products, chemical cargo, etc. are transported. Passenger transportation on domestic lines and sea tourism services occupy a significant place.

Small in size, but diverse and complex in terms of natural conditions, the White Sea has not yet been fully studied, and there are many diverse problems for its further study. The most important hydrological problems include the general circulation of waters, especially the compilation of clear ideas about constant currents, their distribution and characteristics. It is very important to find out the ratio of wind, tidal and convective mixing in different parts of the sea, especially in the Gorlo-Basin boundary region, which will clarify the available information on the formation and ventilation of the deep waters of the sea. An essential issue is the study of the ice balance of the sea, since its thermal and ice conditions are associated with it. The deepening of hydrological and hydrochemical research will make it possible to successfully solve the problems of preventing sea pollution, which is an urgent task of our time.

Kuzov Archipelago White Sea

PLACES OF POWER AND LEGENDS OF THE WHITE SEA

In Kandalaksha, washed from the southeast by the waters of the White Sea, there is a legend about a wonderful bell that sank in the taiga river Niva. On its banks, back in the distant pagan era, there were sanctuaries dating back, perhaps, to the Stone Age. The ringing of the bell hidden here is not heard by sinners. But, as the legend says, someday they will hear this ringing. Then the original-paradise state of the local lands, fragments of the legendary Hyperborea, will return. On the map of Gerard Mercator, the outlines of the disappeared northern land are reproduced. The inscription on the map says that it is based on the testimonies of the knights of King Arthur - seekers of hidden shrines, as well as on the data of polar travelers. Mercator notes that they all reached the farthest reaches of the polar earth "by means of magical art."

If you look at the outlines of the "Scandinavian" part of Hyperborea on the Mercator map and overlay it on the map of modern Scandinavia, you will find amazing correspondences: the mountain range that runs along Norway and coincides with the mountains of Hyperborea; and the Hyperborean river that flows from these mountains follows the contours of the Gulf of Bothnia in the northern part of the Baltic Sea. It turns out that, perhaps, the southern border of Hyperborea passed through Lake Ladoga and Onega, through Valaam and turned north to the spurs of the median ridge of the Kola Peninsula, that is, where the ancient mountains destroyed by time rise above the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea.

Thus, the shrines of the Russian North are located in Hyperborea - if the Kola Peninsula and the White Sea can really be considered its preserved part. and the magical cliffs of Valaam were once islands in the ocean bay off the coast of Hyperborea. Apparently, it was not for nothing that the mystical feeling of the northern monks found them different sacred names: New Jerusalem - for the harsh Solovetsky Islands and Northern Athos - for the hidden Valaam. It was New Jerusalem, the city that was bequeathed to the coming centuries, that monk Ipatiy saw the Solovetsky Monastery in a prophetic vision back in 1667 - shortly before the start of the tragic “Solovki sitting”. The next act of the northern mystery is the appearance of the Old Believer Vygovskaya desert (also on the ancient Hyperborean coast). Vygoretsia also perished, under the “quick mosses” of which the poet Nikolai Klyuev placed the underground “Cathedral of the Holy Fathers”. “Let our North seem poorer than other lands,” wrote N.K. Roerich, let his ancient face close. Let people know little of the truth about him. The fairy tale of the North is deep and captivating. The northern winds are cheerful and cheerful. Northern lakes are thoughtful. Northern rivers are silvery. Darkened woods are wise. Green hills experienced. Gray stones in circles are full of wonders...” Gray stones in circles — labyrinths — and other ancient megalithic structures located on the shores of the White Sea and on the islands of the Solovetsky archipelago are the greatest mystery North.

White nights on the White Sea

The White Sea is the sacred sea of ​​the North, which holds many secrets. It is possible that the original meaning of its name, known only to a few, is related to the celestial sphere, since in semantics the “white” color is heavenly, divine. At first glance, it could have received the name White from the color of the snow and ice covering it in winter.

But this is equally true for any northern sea and therefore does not sound particularly convincing. According to the Murmansk toponymist A.A. Minkin, the White Sea has changed 15 names in its history! Let's try and figure out why it is called White. The peoples of the East have long had a color symbolism of orientation, where the black color corresponded to the north. And the Slavic peoples designated the north in white, and the south in blue. Therefore, long before the invasion of the Tatars, the Russians called the Caspian Sea - Blue. It can be assumed that, according to color symbolism, the White Sea is also the North Sea.

In the Novgorod charters of the 13th-15th centuries, the White Sea was simply called the Sea, and in the “Charter of Veliky Novgorod of the 15th century, it is indicated as the Okiya Sea. The Pomors called the White Sea the Studen "by its natural property", and this name was most common both in chronicles and in folklore. For the first time on the map under the name of the White Sea (Mare Alburn) it was put by Peter Plaicius in 1592. In May 1553, on the ship "Eduard Bonaventure" under the command of Barrow, the British entered the White Sea for the first time, anchoring at the mouth of the Northern Dvina. The team included a cartographer who, a year after the second voyage to the White Sea, compiled a handwritten map of the sea, without giving it any name. In 1617, the Stolbov peace was concluded between Sweden and Russia, in a special "clarification" to which "conditions for fishing" in the Seversk Sea were stipulated by both countries. So in this case the White Sea is called.

Speaking of the White Sea, one cannot ignore the most north channel Russia, connecting the White and Baltic Seas. Back in the 16th century, two Englishmen decided to connect the channels of the Vyga and Povenchanka rivers with a canal. Everything, as usual, remained only on paper. In the XVI - XVIII centuries at this place there was a path passing through Povenets and Sumy Posad and leading to the shrines of the Solovetsky Monastery. During the summer, up to 25,000 pilgrims traveled along this path to the monastery on light boats across lakes and rivers, and sometimes along portages. At the beginning of the 18th century, thousands of Russian men laid the famous “Sovereign's Road” in this place, along which Peter I dragged his ships, led the army and defeated the Swedes under the Noteburg fortress.

In the 19th century, the idea of ​​building a canal was raised three times under Paul I, then back in the 30s and 50s of the same century. It is interesting that in 1900 at the Paris exhibition for the canal project, Professor V.E. Timanov received a gold medal. However, the brilliant project was shelved. But the First World War proved the need for a channel for the Russian fleet, which was locked in the Baltic Sea. On February 18, 1931, the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR decided to start building the canal. In October 1931, the construction of the canal began immediately along the entire route: from Povenets to Belomorsk. According to archival data, 679 thousand prisoners and exiles were sent to build the White Sea Canal, the White Sea Baltlag became one of the largest camps in the OGPU system. In 1933, the canal, 227 kilometers long, was included in the number of active inland routes of the USSR. It was built in just 20 months. A very short time, especially when you consider that the 164-kilometer Suez Canal was built in 10 years, and the half-sized (81 km) Panama Canal was built in 12 years.

Everything is mixed up on the White Sea - antiquity and modernity. Many archaic layers of the North Sea culture to this day remain inaccessible to researchers, including the secret Pomor knowledge and legends passed from mouth to mouth from father to son and from him to the next generations. Exactly the same tales and legends existed in the Urals from time immemorial. In the late 30s of the XX century, the well-known Ural writer Pavel Petrovich Bazhov (1879-1950) managed to publish their literary processing. The very history of the creation of Bazhov's tales is striking and instructive. It happened to some extent by accident. In 1939, Bazhov's friends and relatives were hurt by a wave of mass repressions: several people from his family and journalistic circle were arrested. The logic of events suggested that he would be next. Then Bazhov, without hesitation, disappeared from the newspaper office, where he then worked, and hid in a secluded hut with some relative and lived there as a recluse for several months. Having nothing to do in order to somehow take time, he began to remember and write down the tales on paper, which later compiled the classic collection "The Malachite Box". Time passed, those who hunted for Bazhov themselves were arrested, and the writer returned to his daily activities and decided to publish what he had written during the forced “downtime”. To his own surprise, the publication of the Ural tales aroused tremendous interest, and Bazhov suddenly became incredibly popular and famous.

Similar tales existed among the Pomors. Unfortunately, they were not written down - especially their sacred part. Separate hints are contained in the poetry and prose of Nikolai Klyuev (1884 - 1937) - a northerner by birth and spirit, who sang in his poems and poems, including the White Sea. This is what Klyuev wrote about himself in his autobiographical materials:
“... The coniferous lips of Pomorye spat me out to Moscow.<...>
From the Norwegian coast to Ust-Tsylma,
From the Solovki to the Persian oases, I know the crane paths. The floodplains of the Arctic Ocean, the Solovetsky wilds and the forests of the White Sea opened to me the imperishable treasures of the national spirit: words, songs and prayers. I knew that the invisible people's Jerusalem is not a fairy tale, but a close and dearest authenticity, I knew that in addition to the visible structure of the life of the Russian people as a state or human society in general, there is a secret hierarchy hidden from proud eyes, an invisible church - Holy Rus' .. ."
With him to the Mother See, Klyuev brought the most important thing, the most important thing - the northern fortress of faith and the Hyperborean spirit. (The fact that the poet owned the Hyperborean theme is evidenced by his letter from Tomsk exile to the Moscow actress N.F. Khristoforova-Sadomova dated April 5, 1937 (six months later, Klyuev was shot), in which he reports on who knows what fate got to him birch bark book mentioning Hyperborea:
“...I am currently reading an amazing book. It is written on steamed birch bark [from the word "birch bark". - V.D.] with Chinese ink. The book is called Japheth's Ring. This is nothing like Rus' of the 12th century before the Mongols.
The great idea of ​​Holy Rus' as a reflection of the heavenly church on earth. After all, this is the very thing that Gogol foresaw in his purest dreams, and in particular he is the only one of worldly people. It is curious that in the 12th century, forty were taught to speak and kept in cages in towers, like today's parrots, that the current Cheremis were taken out of Hyperborea, that is, from Iceland by King Olaf of Norway, son-in-law of Vladimir Monomakh. It was hot for them in the Kyiv land, and they were released to Kolyvan - the present Vyatka region, and at first they were kept at the Kiev court as exotic. And many more beautiful and unexpected things are contained in this Ring.
And how many such wonderful scrolls perished in hermitages and secret chapels in the boundless Siberian taiga?!” Every sentence here is precious. Even if the lost manuscript of the 12th century was rewritten at a later date, but what amazing details - both about the training of magpies and about the bringing of northern foreigners to the court of Vladimir Monomakh (as the Spaniards later brought from New World Indians to show their kings). But the main thing is the preserved memory of Hyperborea (it doesn’t matter how it was actually called and how it correlated with the mentioned Iceland - the historical Arctida-Hyperborea also covered Iceland).

Body archipelago.

Sacred place of ancient people
Sacred place by religion village
energetically active place

The Kuzov Archipelago is located in the White Sea at a distance of approximately 30 km from Rabocheostrovsk. It includes 16 uninhabited islands, the largest of which are Russian Body, German Body and Oleshin Island. The islands, when viewed from the water, have an original spherical shape, and look like huge stone balls almost completely submerged in water. The islands are mostly tundra, in some places covered with spruce forests. The name of the Body, according to most researchers, comes from the Finnish word "kuusen" i.e. "spruce". The peaks of the islands German body (140 m) and Russian body (123 m) rise above the entire nearby water area and have attracted people's attention for a long time.
Bodies are rightfully considered one of the most mysterious places. A huge amount of evidence of the religious activities of ancient people was found on the territory of these deserted and harsh spaces. According to historians, the buildings were built approximately 2-2.5 thousand years ago by the ancient Sami, who lived on the shores of the White Sea. According to estimates, about 800 stone structures were found on the archipelago, related to the pagan cult worshiped by the inhabitants of this harsh land. A small distance from the mainland allowed the Sami to freely swim or come on foot on the ice to perform their rituals. And at the same time, it contributed to privacy and the preservation of the sacred halo. Places of permanent human habitation on the islands have not been found. Perhaps that is why a huge number of sacred stones - "seids" and unique stone idols were found here. Objects located on the territory of the archipelago are included in the list of protected historical objects
The largest is the island of Russian Body. On one of its peaks, Mount Lysoy, there is a large sanctuary, in the center of which there is a vertically placed granite stone (menhir), nicknamed "Stone Baba". It is believed that this stone symbolized one of the supreme deities of the ancient Sami. Sacrifices were made to him by hunters and fishermen who left or returned from fishing. In addition, several burials were found nearby, lined with stone inside and apparently belonging to important members of the tribe.
An even larger sanctuary is located at the top of the highest point of the Great German Body. A whole pantheon of Sami deities was discovered there. Unfortunately, not everything has survived to this day, but what remains allows us to conclude that this was the Central Sanctuary of the ancient Sami. It was here that the main religious events were performed by pagan shamans. The mountain is simply dotted with "seids" and idols sticking up vertically. There is a legend that explains such a large concentration and is based on real historical events that took place in the 17th century. As they say, a detachment of Swedes (called simply “Germans” in the old days) decided to make a robbery attack on the Solovetsky Monastery, but because of the storm that had begun, they were forced to take refuge on the island of German Body. They were not destined to leave this island. Divine wrath protected the Holy Solovetsky Monastery, turning the Swedish robbers into stone idols. With a good imagination, one can imagine how the “petrified Germans” have been sitting around an invisible fire on top for many centuries and waiting for their meal to be ready. The basis of the legend, apparently, was the correspondence in size and some external similarity of idols and human figures.
Unfortunately, it was not possible to visit the most amazing and most mysterious of the islands of the Archipelago - Oleshin Island. As they say, not only seids and sanctuaries are located here, but also two ancient labyrinths Small and Large.
Both are located on a flat rocky surface approximately 20 meters above sea level (which, by the way, excludes the possibility of using them as fish traps). Small (about 6 meters in diameter) is practically invisible and can only be guessed in the dense vegetation of the tundra. Nearby is the Great Labyrinth, surprisingly well preserved, and measuring 10x12 meters. At least 1000 boulders were used for its construction and the total length of the "path" is about 190 meters. Both labyrinths are considered sacred. According to the researchers, they were used for initiation or for communication between shamans and the Higher Powers.

Address: , White Sea, Kuzov Archipelago, 15 km to the West from Rabocheostrovsk
Coordinates: 64°57"52"N 35°12"19"E (Oleshin Island)
Coordinates: 64°57"04"N 35°09"56"E (German Body Island)
Coordinates: 64°56"08"N 35°08"18"E (Russian Body Island)

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SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PHOTO:
Team Nomads
http://ke.culture51.ru/
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http://www.photosight.ru/
photo: V. Vyalov, A. Petrus, S. Gasnikov, L. Yakovlev, A. Bobretsov.

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